Internal combustion apparatus and method utilizing electrolysis cell

Abstract

The present disclosure relates generally to the production of hydrogen and oxygen within an electrolysis cell having a coated anode such that these gases can be added to the fuel source (fossil fuel and/or alternative fuels) of a combustion engine system as a supplement for said fuel source(s) for increased performance.

1 . A method utilizing a coated anode for providing hydrogen to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, said method utilizing a coated anode comprising: 
 (i) providing a source of electric potential;    (ii) providing an electrolytic chamber to retain an electrolytic liquid within a substantially confined space;    (iii) providing a cathode and connecting said provided cathode to said provided source of electric potential;    (iv) coating an anode comprising a metal base substrate compound with a coating material comprising a coating compound that is electrically conductive and resistant to oxidation to form a coated anode;    (v) placing and securing said coated anode in relation to said cathode within said electrolytic chamber, such that said coated anode and cathode are near one another, and connecting said anode to said source of electric potential;    (vi) combining an amount of an electrolyte with water thereby forming an electrolytic liquid which is added to said electrolytic chamber, said amount of said electrolyte being sufficient to submerge at least partially said coated anode and energizing under the electric potential across said coated anode and said cathode said electrolytic liquid so that water releases oxygen and hydrogen gases; and;    (vii) delivering hydrogen gas to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine while oxygen generated from said release of oxygen and hydrogen is prevented from substantially decomposing said coated anode due to said electrically conductive ceramic coating on said anode.    
   
   
       2 . The method utilizing a coated anode of  claim 1  wherein said metal base substrate compound further comprises a valve metal compound selected from the group consisting of titanium, tungsten, tantalum, niobium, aluminum, zirconium, and combinations thereof.  
   
   
       3 . The method utilizing a coated anode of  claim 1  wherein said metal base substrate compound further comprises titanium.  
   
   
       4 . The method utilizing a coated anode of  claim 1  wherein said metal base substrate compound further comprises a platinum group metal.  
   
   
       5 . The method utilizing a coated anode of  claim 1  wherein said metal base substrate compound further comprises a titanium alloyed with less than about 0.2 wt % palladium.  
   
   
       6 . The method utilizing a coated anode of  claim 1  wherein said metal base substrate compound further comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of precious metals, precious metal oxides, valve metal oxides, and combinations thereof.  
   
   
       7 . The method utilizing a coated anode of  claim 1  wherein said coating material compound further comprises a ceramic coating material compound.  
   
   
       8 . The method utilizing a coated anode of  claim 7  wherein said ceramic coating material compound further comprises at least one oxide selected from iridium oxide, tantalum oxide, titanium oxide, or combinations thereof.  
   
   
       9 . The method utilizing a coated anode of  claim 7  wherein said ceramic coating material compound further comprises a doping metal oxide compound comprising alkaline earth metals and/or metals of Groups VIII, VI B, and VII B of the periodic table.  
   
   
       10 . The method utilizing a coated anode of  claim 7  wherein said ceramic coating material compound further comprises a doping metal oxide compound selected from the group consisting of cobalt, iron, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, manganese, calcium, magnesium, barium, and combinations thereof.  
   
   
       11 . The method utilizing a coated anode of  claim 7  wherein said ceramic coating material compound further comprises a doping metal oxide added in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 5 wt % of said coating material compound.  
   
   
       12 . The method utilizing a coated anode of  claim 1  wherein said step of coating said metal base substrate comprises applying said coating material compound by plating, cladding, extruding, plasma spray and/or thermal decomposition.  
   
   
       13 . The method utilizing a coated anode of  claim 1  wherein said metal base substrate compound further comprises titanium and said coating material compound further comprises a ceramic coating material compound.  
   
   
       14 . The method utilizing a coated anode of  claim 1  wherein said cathode is integral with said chamber.  
   
   
       15 . An electrolysis chamber apparatus including an anode coated with an electrically conductive and corrosive resistant surface material, the electrolysis chamber providing hydrogen to an internal combustion chamber to improve the efficiency of the internal combustion chamber, said electrolysis chamber apparatus comprising: 
 (i) a source of electric potential;    (ii) an electrolytic liquid comprised of water and an amount of electrolyte;    (iii) an electrolytic chamber to hold said electrolytic liquid;    (iv) a cathode connected to said source of electric potential;    (v) a coated anode comprised of a metal base substrate compound that is coated with a coating material compound that is electrically conductive and resistant to degradation when operated in the electrolysis of water, said coated anode being secured in place in relation to said cathode within said electrolytic chamber, such that said coated anode and cathode are near one another, said coated anode being connected to said source of electric potential and being at least partially submerged in said electrolytic liquid and energized under said electric potential so as to generate an electric potential with said cathode capable of generating oxygen gas and hydrogen gas, said oxygen generated from said release of oxygen gas and hydrogen gas being prevented from substantially degrading said coated anode due to said electrically conductive coating material compound on said anode; and;    (vi) a supplying means connected to said chamber for supplying said generated hydrogen gas to said combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, said supplying means comprising a passageway for communicating with an intake of said combustion chamber.    
   
   
       16 . The electrolysis chamber apparatus of  claim 15  wherein said metal base substrate compound of said coated anode further comprises a valve metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, tungsten, tantalum, niobium, aluminum, zirconium, and combinations thereof.  
   
   
       17 . The electrolysis chamber apparatus of  claim 15  wherein said metal base substrate compound of said coated anode further comprises titanium.  
   
   
       18 . The electrolysis chamber apparatus of  claim 15  wherein said ceramic coating material compound of said coated anode further comprises a platinum group metal.  
   
   
       19 . The electrolysis chamber apparatus of  claim 15  wherein said coating material compound of said coated anode further comprises a ceramic coating material compound.  
   
   
       20 . The electrolysis chamber apparatus of  claim 19  wherein said ceramic coating material compound of said coated anode further comprises a compound that is selected from the group consisting of precious metals, precious metal oxides, valve metal oxides, and combinations thereof.  
   
   
       21 . The electrolysis chamber apparatus of  claim 19  wherein said ceramic coating material compound is at least one oxide selected form iridium oxide, tantalum oxide, titanium oxide, or combinations thereof.  
   
   
       22 . The electrolysis chamber apparatus of  claim 19  wherein said ceramic coating material compound further comprises a doping metal oxide compound comprising alkaline earth metals and/or metals of Groups VIII, VI B, and VII B of the periodic table.  
   
   
       23 . The electrolysis chamber apparatus of  claim 19  wherein said ceramic coating material compound further comprises a doping metal oxide compound selected from the group consisting of cobalt, iron, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, manganese, calcium, magnesium, barium, and combinations thereof.  
   
   
       24 . The electrolysis chamber apparatus of  claim 19  wherein said ceramic coating material compound further comprises a doping metal oxide present in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 5 wt % of the coating material compound.  
   
   
       25 . The electrolysis chamber apparatus of  claim 15  wherein said metal base substrate compound further comprises titanium and said coating material compound further comprises a ceramic coating material compound.  
   
   
       26 . The method utilizing a coated anode of  claim 15  wherein said cathode is integral with said chamber.  
   
   
       27 . A control method for facilitating the operation of an electrolysis chamber for supplying a hydrogen gas to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, said control method comprising: 
 (i) combining an electrolyte with water thereby forming an electrolytic liquid with a water content and an electrolyte content;    (ii) providing an electrolytic chamber for containing said electrolytic liquid,    (iii) providing a source of electric potential;    (iv) providing a cathode, which optionally is formed integrally with said electrolytic chamber, said cathode being connected to said source of electrical potential;    (v) placing and securing an anode in said electrolytic chamber in proximity to said cathode, said anode being connected to said source of electrical potential;    (vi) adding said electrolytic liquid to said electrolytic chamber, thereby submerging at least part of said anode and said cathode in said electrolytic liquid;    (vii) diminishing said water content from said electrolytic liquid in the course of generating hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, said hydrogen gas being supplied to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine to improve the operation of said internal combustion engine relative to said internal combustion engine running without the use of said supplied hydrogen gas;    (viii) sensing said electrolytic liquid for properties relating to resistivity of such electrolytic liquid as said water content is diminished, and generating a first signal indicative of said resistivity; and,    (ix) generating a second signal based on said first signal relating to said resistivity of said electrolytic liquid, said second signal indicating when water should be added to said electrolysis chamber.    
   
   
       28 . The control method of  claim 27  wherein said step of sensing further comprises sensing an electrical parameter across said anode and said cathode including any one of voltage drop, resistivity, conductivity, capacitance, or combinations thereof.  
   
   
       29 . The control method of  claim 27  wherein said step of sensing further comprises sensing an effective voltage drop across said anode and said cathode.  
   
   
       30 . The control method of  claim 27  wherein said step of sensing further comprises sensing an effective voltage drop across said anode and said cathode on a continuous basis, a periodic basis, or a combination thereof.  
   
   
       31 . The control method of  claim 27  wherein said control method further comprises generating a third signal based on said first signal relating to said resistivity of said electrolytic liquid, said third signal indicating that said anode and said cathode should be de-energized and being utilized to de-energize said cathode and said anode.  
   
   
       32 . The control method of  claim 27  wherein said second signal further comprises an indication that said anode and said cathode should be de-energized, said indication being utilized to de-energize said cathode and said anode.  
   
   
       33 . The control method of  claim 27  wherein said control method further comprises sensing a parameter indicative of a temperature of said electrolytic liquid and generating a temperature signal for facilitating control of said temperature of said electrolytic liquid by triggering a heater and/or a cooling fan to effectively adjust said temperature of said electrolytic liquid.  
   
   
       34 . The control method of  claim 27  wherein said control method further comprises sensing a parameter indicative of a temperature of said electrolytic liquid by a separate control circuitry and generating a temperature signal for facilitating control of said temperature of said electrolytic liquid by triggering a heater to effectively adjust said temperature of said electrolytic liquid.  
   
   
       35 . The control method of  claim 27  wherein said control method further comprises sensing a parameter indicative of a temperature of said electrolytic liquid by a separate control circuitry and generating a temperature signal for facilitating control of said temperature of said electrolytic liquid by triggering a cooling fan to effectively adjust said temperature of said electrolytic liquid.  
   
   
       36 . The control method of  claim 27  wherein said control method further comprises sensing said electrolytic liquid for properties relating to resistivity and temperature by a single control circuitry.  
   
   
       37 . An electrolysis system including a control unit facilitating the operation of an electrolysis chamber for supplying a hydrogen gas to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, said electrolysis system comprising: 
 (i) electrolytic liquid comprising a water content and an electrolyte content;    (ii) an electrolytic chamber defining a space for containing said electrolytic liquid,    (iii) a source of electric potential;    (iv) a cathode, which may be formed integrally with said electrolytic chamber, said cathode being connected to said source of electrical potential;    (v) an anode secured in said electrolytic chamber in proximity to said cathode, said electrolytic liquid in said electrolytic chamber submerging at least part of said anode and said cathode, said anode being connected to said source of electrical potential;    (vi) a control unit including a sensing signal derived by sensing said electrolytic liquid for properties relating to resistivity of such electrolytic liquid as said water content is diminished, said sensing signal being indicative of said resistivity of said electrolytic liquid, and an indicating signal generated by said control unit and based on said sensing signal, said indicating signal indicating when water should be added to said electrolysis chamber.    
   
   
       38 . The electrolysis system of  claim 37  wherein said sensing signal is derived from an electrical parameter across said anode and said cathode including any one of voltage drop, resistivity, conductivity, capacitance, or combinations thereof.  
   
   
       39 . The electrolysis system of  claim 37  wherein said sensing signal is derived by sensing an effective voltage drop across said anode and said cathode.  
   
   
       40 . The electrolysis system of  claim 37  wherein said sensing signal is derived by sensing an effective voltage drop across said anode and said cathode on a continuous basis, a periodic basis, or a combination thereof.  
   
   
       41 . The electrolysis system of  claim 37  wherein said control unit further comprises a de-energizing signal based on said sensing signal derived by sensing said electrolytic liquid for properties relating to resistivity of said electrolytic liquid, said de-energizing signal indicating that said anode and said cathode should be de-energized and being utilized to de-energize said cathode and said anode.  
   
   
       42 . The electrolysis system of  claim 37 , wherein said indicating signal further comprises an indication that said anode and said cathode should be de-energized, said indication being utilized to de-energize said cathode and said anode.  
   
   
       43 . The electrolysis system of  claim 37 , wherein said control unit further comprises and temperature sensing signal indicative of a temperature of said electrolytic liquid and a temperature indicating signal for facilitating control of said temperature of said electrolytic liquid by triggering a heater and/or cooling fan to effectively adjust said temperature of said electrolytic liquid.  
   
   
       44 . The electrolysis system of  claim 37 , wherein said electrolysis system further comprises a cooling unit separate from said control unit, said cooling unit including a heat sensing signal indicative of a temperature of said electrolytic liquid and a heat indicating signal for facilitating control of said temperature of said electrolytic liquid by triggering a cooling fan to effectively adjust said temperature of said electrolytic liquid.  
   
   
       45 . The electrolysis system of  claim 37 , wherein said electrolysis system further comprises a heating unit separate from said control unit, said heating unit including a cold sensing signal indicative of a temperature of said electrolytic liquid and a cold indicating signal for facilitating control of said temperature of said electrolytic liquid by triggering a heater to effectively adjust said temperature of said electrolytic liquid.  
   
   
       46 . A method where hydrogen gas is generated within an electrolysis chamber at substantially ambient pressure for providing the hydrogen gas to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, said method comprising: 
 (i) combining an amount of electrolyte with an amount of water and forming an electrolytic liquid;    (ii) providing an electrolytic chamber for containing said electrolytic liquid,    (iii) providing a source of electric potential;    (iv) providing a cathode, which may be formed integrally with said electrolytic chamber, said cathode being connected to said source of electrical potential;    (v) placing and securing an anode in said electrolytic chamber in proximity to said cathode, said anode being connected to said source of electrical potential;    (vi) adding said electrolytic liquid to said electrolytic chamber, thereby submerging at least part of said anode and said cathode in said electrolytic liquid;    (vii) energizing said cathode and said anode in the presence of said electrolytic liquid, generating hydrogen and oxygen gases which are released from said anode and said cathode, said hydrogen gas being maintained at substantially ambient pressure and supplied to an inlet of a nozzle; and,    (viii) generating a slight pressure differential across said nozzle between said inlet where said hydrogen gas is supplied and an outlet of said nozzle which is in communication with an air intake or turbine housing passage of said internal combustion engine, and spraying said hydrogen gas under said slight pressure differential into said air intake or turbine housing passage of said internal combustion engine so that said hydrogen gas is effectively dispersed among the air being supplied to said combustion chamber of said internal combustion engine, said dispersion increasing the performance of said combustion chamber of said internal combustion engine relative to said combustion chamber of said internal combustion engine running without said supplied hydrogen gas.    
   
   
       47 . The method of  claim 46  wherein said slight pressure differential across said nozzle further comprises less than one atmosphere of difference between pressure present at said inlet and pressure present at said outlet.  
   
   
       48 . The method of  claim 46  wherein said substantially ambient pressure comprises less than one atmosphere of difference between said hydrogen gas supplied to said inlet of said nozzle and ambient pressure.  
   
   
       49 . The method of  claim 46  wherein said method further comprises supplying said hydrogen gas to said air intake or turbine housing passage of said internal combustion engine in a substantially free flow manner.  
   
   
       50 . The method of  claim 46  wherein said method further comprises supplying said hydrogen gas to said air intake or turbine housing passage of said internal combustion engine in a substantially laminar flow manner.  
   
   
       51 . The method of  claim 46  wherein said method further comprises supplying said hydrogen gas to said inlet of said nozzle under pressure augmented by a pumping mechanism.  
   
   
       52 . The method of  claim 46  wherein said method further comprises generating a venturi effect through the nozzle due at least in part to the restricted size of orifices at the outlet of said nozzle.  
   
   
       53 . The method of  claim 46  wherein said method further comprises generating an increased velocity of flow of said hydrogen gas as said hydrogen gas exits said nozzle while restricting the amount of flow of said hydrogen gas leaving said nozzle.  
   
   
       54 . A vehicle including an internal combustion engine and an electrolysis chamber operated at substantially ambient pressure for generating hydrogen gas for use in improving the efficiency of said vehicle, said vehicle comprising: 
 (i) electrolytic liquid comprising water and an electrolyte;    (ii) an electrolytic chamber defining a space for containing said electrolytic liquid,    (iii) a source of electric potential;    (iv) a cathode, which may be formed integrally with said electrolytic chamber, said cathode being connected to said source of electrical potential;    (v) an anode secured in said electrolytic chamber in proximity to said cathode, said electrolytic liquid in said electrolytic chamber thereby submerging at least part of said anode and said cathode, said anode being connected to said source of electrical potential so that said anode and said cathode generate hydrogen gas and oxygen gas which are released from said anode and said cathode, said hydrogen gas being maintained at substantially ambient pressure; and,    (vi) a nozzle including an inlet and an outlet capable of generating a slight pressure differential across said inlet where said hydrogen gas is supplied from said electrolytic chamber and said outlet in communication with an air intake or turbine housing passage of said internal combustion engine, said nozzle including orifices at said outlet capable of spraying said hydrogen gas into said passage under said slight pressure differential so that said hydrogen gas is effectively dispersed among the air being supplied to said combustion chamber of said internal combustion engine thereby increasing the performance of said combustion chamber of said internal combustion engine relative to said combustion chamber of said internal combustion engine running without said supplied hydrogen gas.    
   
   
       55 . The vehicle of  claim 54  wherein said slight pressure differential across said nozzle further comprises less than one atmosphere of difference between pressure present at said inlet and pressure present at said outlet.  
   
   
       56 . The vehicle of  claim 54  wherein said substantially ambient pressure comprises less than one atmosphere of difference between said hydrogen gas supplied to said inlet of said nozzle and ambient pressure.  
   
   
       57 . The vehicle of  claim 54  wherein said hydrogen gas is supplied to said air intake or turbine housing passage of said internal combustion engine in a substantially free flow manner.  
   
   
       58 . The vehicle of  claim 54  wherein said nozzle further comprises that said hydrogen gas is provided to said air intake or turbine housing passage of said internal combustion engine in a substantially laminar flow manner.  
   
   
       59 . The vehicle of  claim 54  wherein said nozzle further comprises that said hydrogen gas is provided to said inlet of said nozzle under pressure augmented by a pumping mechanism.  
   
   
       60 . The vehicle of  claim 54  further comprising wherein said nozzle is characterized by having at least one effectively small orifice to provide said small pressure differential.  
   
   
       61 . The internal combustion engine of  claim 54  further comprising wherein said nozzle is a single unit milled from aluminum, drilled axially through the center, and threaded on both ends to provide suitable connection to lines connecting to said electrolysis chamber and to said air intake or turbine housing passage of said internal combustion engine.  
   
   
       62 . A heat-transfer method for efficiently dispersing thermal energy generated in an electrolysis chamber as hydrogen gas is liberated from water and supplied to an internal combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, said heat-transfer method comprising: 
 (i) combining an amount of electrolyte with an amount of water and forming an electrolytic liquid with an effective electrolyte concentration;    (ii) providing an electrolytic chamber for containing said electrolytic liquid;    (iii) providing a source of electric potential;    (iv) providing a cathode, which may be formed integrally with said electrolytic chamber, said cathode being connected to said source of electrical potential;    (v) placing and securing an anode in said electrolytic chamber so that at least a portion of said cathode and said anode are substantially in close proximity to one another, said anode being connected to said source of electrical potential;    (vi) adding a volume of said electrolytic liquid to said electrolytic chamber generally indicated by a depth (D) in relation to said electrolytic chamber, said volume of electrolytic liquid generally indicated by depth (D ) of said electrolytic liquid being greater than a minimum volume of electrolytic liquid that is necessary to provide electrolytic liquid between said anode and said cathode, said minimum volume generally indicated by a dept (h);    (vii) energizing said anode and cathode in the presence of said electrolytic liquid so as to produce hydrogen gas and oxygen gas that pass through at least a portion of said volume of electrolytic liquid generally indicated by depth (D), said hydrogen gas being supplied to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine; and,    (viii) circulating said volume of electrolytic liquid generally indicated by depth (D) so that thermal energy generated in the production of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas by said anode and said cathode is substantially transferred and dispersed to said volume of electrolytic liquid generally indicated by depth (D), such volume generally indicated by dept (D) being greater than the volume of electrolytic liquid generally indicated by dept (h) that is necessary to provide electrolytic liquid between said anode and said cathode.    
   
   
       63 . The heat-transfer method of  claim 62  further comprising transferring thermal energy to said cathode formed integrally with said chamber and to external atmosphere to transfer thermal energy from said electrolyte liquid via conduction through said cathode to said atmosphere.  
   
   
       64 . The heat-transfer method of  claim 62  further comprising transferring thermal energy to said electrolytic chamber and to external atmosphere to transfer thermal energy from said electrolyte liquid via conduction through said electrolytic chamber to said atmosphere.  
   
   
       65 . The heat-transfer method of  claim 62  wherein said placing and securing of said anode further comprises orienting an cylindrical portion of said anode inside said cathode so that said portion is in close proximity along a distance relating to said dept (h).  
   
   
       66 . The heat-transfer method of  claim 62  wherein said circulating step further comprises generating substantial flow vectors within said volume of electrolytic liquid generally indicated by dept (h) which are oriented in an inward direction from said anode in close proximity with said cathode.  
   
   
       67 . The heat-transfer method of  claim 62  wherein said circulating step further comprises generating substantial flow vectors through a mesh-like portion of said anode in an inward direction.  
   
   
       68 . The heat-transfer method of  claim 62  further comprising wherein the close proximity of the cathode and anode is characterized with a distance (d), and the cylindrical diameter is characterized with a diameter (Dia.) such that the ratio of Dia.:d is in the range of about 100:1 to about 20:1, thus assisting circulating said volume of electrolytic liquid generally indicated by dept (D).  
   
   
       69 . The heat-transfer method of  claim 68  further comprising wherein the ratio of D:d is at least about 10:1.  
   
   
       70 . The heat-transfer method of  claim 68  further comprising wherein the ratio of D:d is at least about 50:1.  
   
   
       71 . The heat-transfer method of  claim 62  further comprising wherein the cylindrical diameter is characterized with a diameter “Dia.”, such that the ratio of Dia.:D ranges from about 3:1 to about 1:1.  
   
   
       72 . The heat-transfer method of  claim 62  wherein said anode remains completely submerged in said electrolyte solution during said energizing step.  
   
   
       73 . An electrolysis chamber including electrolytic liquid which acts to transport thermal energy away from heat generating areas to dissipate such thermal energy thereby providing for more stable operation and generation of hydrogen gas for use in an internal combustion chamber, said electrolysis chamber comprising: 
 (i) electrolytic liquid comprising water and an electrolyte;    (ii) an electrolytic chamber for defining a space containing said electrolytic liquid,    (iii) a source of electric potential;    (iv) a cathode, which may be formed integrally with said electrolytic chamber, said cathode being connected to said source of electrical potential;    (v) an anode secured in said electrolytic chamber in proximity to said cathode, said electrolytic liquid in said electrolytic chamber being of a volume generally indicated by depth (D) in relation to said space defined by said electrolytic chamber, said volume of electrolytic liquid indicated by depth (D) of said electrolytic liquid being greater than a volume of electrolytic liquid generally indicated by dept (h) necessary to provide electrolytic liquid between said anode and said cathode where said cathode and said anode are substantially in close proximity with one another;    (vi) at least one gas generated by an electric potential between said anode and said cathode in the presence of said electrolytic liquid, said at least one gas passing through at least a portion of said volume of electrolytic liquid indicated by depth (h), said at least one gas being supplied to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine; and,    (vii) thermal energy generated in the production of said at least one gas in an area where said cathode and said anode are substantially in close proximity with one another, at least some of said thermal energy being substantially transferred and dispersed to said volume of electrolytic liquid generally indicated by depth (D), such volume being greater than said volume of electrolytic liquid generally indicated by dept (h) necessary to provide electrolytic liquid between said anode and said cathode where said cathode and said anode are substantially in close proximity with one another.    
   
   
       74 . The electrolysis chamber of  claim 73  wherein said cathode is formed integrally with said chamber and said cathode contacts an external atmosphere to release thermal energy from said electrolyte liquid via conduction to said external atmosphere.  
   
   
       75 . The electrolysis chamber of  claim 73  wherein said volume of water generally indicated by dept (D) further comprises a substantial flow vector in the radially inward direction, such flow vector transferring and dispersing thermal energy to said volume of electrolytic liquid generally indicated by dept (D).  
   
   
       76 . The electrolysis chamber of  claim 73  wherein said anode further comprises a mesh portion which permits a substantial flow vector to pass through said anode.  
   
   
       77 . The electrolysis chamber of  claim 73  further comprising wherein the close proximity of said cathode and said anode is characterized with a distance (d), and the cylindrical diameter is characterized with a diameter (Dia.) such that the ratio of Dia.:d is in the range of about 100:1 to about 20:1.  
   
   
       78 . The electrolysis chamber of  claim 77  further comprising wherein the ratio of D:d is at least about 10:1.  
   
   
       79 . The electrolysis chamber of  claim 77  further comprising wherein the ratio of D:d is at least about 50:1.  
   
   
       80 . The electrolysis chamber of  claim 73  further comprising wherein the cylindrical diameter is characterized with a diameter “Dia.”, such that the ratio of Dia.:D ranges from about 3:1 to about 1:1.  
   
   
       81 . The electrolysis chamber of  claim 71  wherein said anode remains substantially submerged in said electrolyte solution during operation of said electrolysis chamber.  
   
   
       82 . A method for providing a substantially consistent production of hydrogen gas as generated by an electrolysis chamber on-board a vehicle for supply to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, said method comprising: 
 (i) combining electrolyte with water thereby forming an electrolytic liquid with an effective concentration of electrolyte;    (ii) providing an electrolytic chamber defining a substantially closed space for containing said electrolytic liquid,    (iii) providing a source of electric potential;    (iv) providing a cathode, which may be formed integrally with said electrolytic chamber, said cathode being connected to said source of electrical potential;    (v) placing and securing an anode in said electrolytic chamber in proximity to said cathode, said anode being connected to said source of electrical potential;    (vi) adding said electrolytic liquid to said electrolytic chamber, thereby submerging at least part of said anode and said cathode in said electrolytic liquid;    (vii) permitting water to be removed from said electrolytic liquid in the course of generating hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, said hydrogen gas being supplied to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine to improve the operation of said internal combustion engine relative to the engine running without the use of said supplied hydrogen gas;    (viii) permitting the effective concentration of electrolyte within the electrolytic liquid to change as water is removed thereby changing the resistivity of said electrolytic liquid; and,    (ix) maintaining a substantially constant electric current flow between said anode and said cathode as said resistivity of said electrolytic liquid is permitted to change, thereby providing a substantially consistent production rate of hydrogen gas as said resistivity of said electrolytic liquid changes.    
   
   
       83 . The method of  claim 82  further comprising the step of providing a substantially laminar flow of hydrogen gas to an air intake passage connected to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.  
   
   
       84 . The method of  claim 82  further comprising the step of completely submerging said anode in said electrolytic liquid.  
   
   
       85 . The method of  claim 82  further comprising the step of adding water to said electrolytic liquid which is only required after operation of said internal combustion engine for an effective mileage period substantially equivalent to at least about 10,000 miles.  
   
   
       86 . The method of  claim 82  wherein the electrolyte is potassium hydroxide.  
   
   
       87 . The method of  claim 82  wherein the electrolytic liquid is at a pH from about 11 to about 13.  
   
   
       88 . The method of  claim 82  wherein said step of combining said water and electrolyte further comprises making a concentration of said electrolyte in said water at a molarity range of from about 0.001 to about 0.2 mol/L.  
   
   
       89 . The method of  claim 82  wherein said step of combining said water and electrolyte further comprises making a concentration of said electrolyte in said water at a molarity range of from about 0.005 to about 0.1 mol/L.  
   
   
       90 . The method of  claim 82  further comprising the step of maintaining said electrolytic liquid at a temperature sufficient to avoid boiling during said substantially constant electric current flow.  
   
   
       91 . An electrolysis chamber including an electrolytic liquid exhibiting differing concentrations of electrolyte during operation and exhibiting differing resistivity while the electrolysis chamber maintains a substantially constant gas production, said electrolysis chamber comprising: 
 (i) electrolytic liquid comprising water and an electrolyte, said electrolytic liquid having an effective concentration of electrolyte;    (ii) an electrolytic chamber for defining a space containing said electrolytic liquid,    (iii) a source of electric potential;    (iv) a cathode, which may be formed integrally with said electrolytic chamber, said cathode being connected to said source of electrical potential;    (v) an anode secured in said electrolytic chamber in proximity to said cathode, said electrolytic liquid at least partially submerging said anode and said cathode where said cathode and said anode are substantially in close proximity with one another, said water of said electrolytic liquid being removed from said electrolytic liquid in the course of operation thereby changing said effective concentration of said electrolyte, said electrolytic liquid changing its resistivity as said water is removed; and,    (vi) at least one gas generated by said anode and said cathode in the presence of said electrolytic liquid, said anode and said cathode being provided a substantially constant electric current by said source of electric potential as said resistivity of said electrolytic liquid changes during operation, said at least one gas being generated at a substantially consistent production rate as said resistivity of said electrolytic liquid changes, said at least one gas being supplied to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine to improve the operation of said internal combustion engine relative to the engine running without the use of said supplied at least one gas.    
   
   
       92 . The electrolysis chamber of  claim 91  wherein said at least one gas comprises at least hydrogen gas.  
   
   
       93 . The electrolysis chamber of  claim 91  wherein said source of electric potential further comprises varying an effective voltage drop across said anode and said cathode as water is removed from said electrolytic liquid.  
   
   
       94 . The electrolysis chamber of  claim 91  wherein said source of electric potential further comprises a substantially constant current of about 30 amps and a variable voltage.  
   
   
       95 . The electrolysis chamber of  claim 91  wherein said anode is completely submerged in said electrolytic liquid.  
   
   
       96 . The electrolysis chamber of  claim 91  wherein said electrolyte is potassium hydroxide.  
   
   
       97 . The electrolysis chamber of  claim 91  wherein said electrolytic solution further comprises a pH from about 11 to about 13.  
   
   
       98 . The electrolysis chamber of  claim 91  wherein said electrolytic solution further comprises a concentration of electrolyte in a molarity range of from about 0.001 to about 0.2 mol/L relative to said water.  
   
   
       99 . The electrolysis chamber of  claim 91  wherein said electrolytic solution further comprises a concentration of electrolyte in a molarity range of from about 0.005 to about 0.1 mol/L relative to said water.  
   
   
       100 . A method of combusting alternate fuels in a vehicle wherein said alternate fuel is provided to an internal combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine in the presence of hydrogen gas generated by an on-board electrolysis cell, said method of combusting alternate fuels comprising: 
 (i) providing a combustion chamber in an internal combustion engine as part of a vehicle;    (ii) supplying to said combustion chamber an amount of alternate fuel selected from the group consisting essentially of oxygenates, MTBE, E85, ethanol, biofuel, ethanol and hydrocarbon mixtures with ethanol constituting more that 10%, bio-diesel, synthetic diesel, and combinations thereof;    (iii) combining an amount of an electrolyte with water thereby forming an electrolytic liquid;    (iv) providing an electrolytic chamber on-board said vehicle defining a substantially closed space for containing said electrolytic liquid,    (v) providing a source of electric potential;    (vi) providing a cathode, which may be formed integrally with said electrolytic chamber, said cathode being connected to said source of electrical potential;    (vii) placing and securing an anode in said electrolytic chamber in proximity to said cathode, said anode being connected to said source of electrical potential;    (viii) adding said electrolytic liquid to said electrolytic chamber, thereby submerging at least part of said anode and said cathode in said electrolytic liquid;    (ix) generating hydrogen gas on-board said vehicle within said electrolytic chamber and supplying said hydrogen gas to said combustion chamber of said internal combustion engine;    (x) mixing said generated hydrogen gas with said alternate fuel and providing ignition of said alternate fuel within said combustion chamber, wherein the combustion of said alternate fuel is improved over combustion without the addition of hydrogen gas generated on-board by an electrolysis chamber.    
   
   
       101 . The method of combustion of  claim 100  wherein said alternate fuel comprises oxygenates.  
   
   
       102 . The method of combustion of  claim 100  wherein said alternate fuel comprises E85.  
   
   
       103 . The method of combustion of  claim 100  wherein said alternate fuel comprises MTBE.  
   
   
       104 . The method of combustion of  claim 100  wherein said alternate fuel comprises biofuel.  
   
   
       105 . The method of combustion of  claim 100  wherein said alternate fuel comprises ethanol and hydrocarbon compounds.  
   
   
       106 . The method of combustion of  claim 100  wherein said alternate fuel comprises bio-diesel.  
   
   
       107 . The method of combustion of  claim 100  wherein said alternate fuel comprises a non-fossil fuel content is greater than about 10 wt %.  
   
   
       108 . The method of combustion of  claim 100  wherein said alternate fuel comprises synthetic diesel.  
   
   
       109 . A vehicle provided with an internal combustion engine and an electrolysis chamber so that said electrolysis chamber provides substantial hydrogen thereby providing a new fuel mixture for said vehicle, said vehicle comprising: 
 (i) a combustion chamber in an internal combustion engine securely mounted in relation to a vehicle;    (ii) an amount of alternate fuel supplied to said combustion chamber, said alternate fuel selected from the group consisting essentially of oxygenates, MTBE, E85, ethanol, biofuel, ethanol and hydrocarbon mixtures with ethanol constituting more that 10%, bio-diesel, synthetic diesel, and combinations thereof;    (iii) an electrolytic liquid comprising water and an electrolyte;    (iv) an electrolytic chamber for defining a space containing said electrolytic liquid,    (v) a source of electric potential;    (vi) a cathode, which may be formed integrally with said electrolytic chamber, said cathode being connected to said source of electrical potential;    (vii) an anode secured in said electrolytic chamber in proximity to said cathode, said electrolytic liquid at least partially submerging said anode and said cathode where said cathode and said anode are substantially in close proximity with one another, said anode being connected to said source of electric potential;    (viii) at least one gas generated by said anode and said cathode in the presence of said electrolytic liquid on-board said vehicle within said electrolytic chamber, said at least one gas being supplied to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine; and,    (ix) a mixture of said alternate fuel and said at least one gas, said mixture being present within said combustion chamber of said internal combustion engine such that said alternate fuel is combusted and improves the operation of said internal combustion engine relative to the engine running without the use of said supplied at least one gas.    
   
   
       110 . The vehicle of  claim 109  wherein said alternate fuel comprises oxygenates.  
   
   
       111 . The vehicle of  claim 109  wherein said alternate fuel comprises E85.  
   
   
       112 . The vehicle of  claim 109  wherein said alternate fuel comprises MTBE.  
   
   
       113 . The vehicle of  claim 109  wherein said alternate fuel comprises biofuel.  
   
   
       114 . The vehicle of  claim 109  wherein said alternate fuel comprises ethanol and hydrocarbon compounds.  
   
   
       115 . The vehicle of  claim 109  wherein said alternate fuel comprises bio-diesel.  
   
   
       116 . The vehicle of  claim 109  wherein said alternate fuel comprises a non-fossil fuel content is greater than about 10 wt %.  
   
   
       117 . The vehicle of  claim 109  wherein said alternate fuel comprises synthetic diesel.