Process for Preparing Cells for Therapeutic and/or Prophylactic Reimplantation

Abstract

A heart stimulation device that markedly increases the coronary rate instantaneously and durably, causes dilatation of the walls to regress and opposes thromboses and arrhythmia. The device causes genetic involution of pathological processes by affecting the mechanosensitivity of specific genetic expressions or by addition of partial autologous cell dedifferentiation, obtained by original genetic manipulation which induces physiologic and anatomical regeneration. Processes for preparing cells which can be reimplanted prophylactically or therapeutically, wherein a nucleus of a differentiated cell is transported in an oocyte from a homologous or heterologous mammal or human, so as to induce stages of mitosis in the transferred nucleus, wherein this nucleus in mitosis is then removed from the oocyte before its cell division and then this partially dedifferentiated nucleus is introduced into a differentiated receiving cell. Also provided are physiological auto-contractile living arterial stents (e.g., coronary stents) and grafting of dedifferentiated myocardial cells.

1 . A process for preparing mammal or human cells which can be reimplanted prophylactically or therapeutically, wherein a nucleus of a differentiated cell is transported in an oocyte from a homologous or heterologous mammal or human, so as to induce stages of mitosis in the transferred nucleus, wherein this nucleus in mitosis is then removed from the oocyte before its cell division and then this partially dedifferentiated nucleus is introduced into a differentiated receiving cell.  
     
     
         2 . A process according to  claim 1 , wherein the transferred nucleus is extracted at the metaphase stage of the first mitosis.  
     
     
         3 . A process according to  claim 1 , wherein the transferred nucleus is extracted at the anaphase stage of the first mitosis.  
     
     
         4 . A process according to  claim 1 , wherein the transferred nucleus is removed at the prophase stage of the first mitosis.  
     
     
         5 . A process according to  claim 1 , wherein the transferred nucleus is removed at the telophase stage of the first mitosis.  
     
     
         6 . A process according to  claim 1 , wherein the differentiated receiving cell is the cell from which the original nucleus is originated, or a cell of the same tissue, or a neighbouring cell of the same tissue.  
     
     
         7 . A process according to  claim 1 , wherein a nucleus of myocardial, muscle or auto-rhythmic cardiac cell, in particular sinusal cells from the Tawara's node or fibers from the His′ bundle or Purkinje bundle are transferred into the oocyte.  
     
     
         8 . A process according to  claim 7 , wherein the removed nucleus is introduced before the end of its intra-oocyte mitosis into one of a myocardial and a muscle cell, wherein said cell is freed of its nucleus or some or all of its nuclei.  
     
     
         9 . A process according to  claim 7 , wherein the partially dedifferentiated cells obtained are subjected, preferably after or during the cell multiplication culture thereof after the formation of a confluent assembly, to periodic electrical stimulation of the cardiac stimulation type, in particular according to any one of claims  22  to  24 .  
     
     
         10 . A process according to  claim 9 , wherein said cells are subjected to coupled or paired electrical stimulation in which this pulse without a contractile effect is sent just after the end of the electrical refractory period of the cells in culture.  
     
     
         11 . A process according to  claim 9 , wherein said cells are subjected to electrical stimulation in cycles comprising a first stimulating pulse and, toward the end of the refractory period, a pulse train, so that at least one of the pulses of the train falls just after the end of the electrical refractory period of the cells and during their mechanical refractory zone of maximum contraction.  
     
     
         12 . A process wherein a plurality of cells are obtained by the process according to  claim 1  and said cells are implanted in the region of the auricular myocardium of a patient suffering from auricular fibrillation.  
     
     
         13 . Process according to  claim 1 , wherein nuclei or parts thereof of cells of one of pilose follicles and melanocytes allowing regeneration of at least one of hair and a pigment of said hair are transferred into the oocyte.  
     
     
         14 . An arterial segment or stent, including at least one of: a coronary, an aortic, a carotid, a renal and a femoral target, and further comprising a structure which is one of coated and colonized by cells obtained by the process according  claim 1 .  
     
     
         15 . Physiological arterial segment or stent consisting of living, auto-contractile and elastic, in particular autologous, cells, cultivated according to  claim 1 .  
     
     
         16 . An arterial segment or stent according to  claim 14  shaped in the manner of an arterial stent arranged so as to be readily introduced into an arterial lumen.  
     
     
         17 . A segment or stent according to  claim 14 , comprising means for electrical stimulation of the arterial type, coordinated with the ventricular diastole, of said cells of the segment.  
     
     
         18 . A segment or stent according  claim 14 , comprising at least one stimulating and/or detecting electrode.  
     
     
         19 . A segment or stent according to  claim 18 , wherein the stimulating and/or detecting electrode has been introduced into the cell culture so as to be surrounded by said living cells.  
     
     
         20 . A segment or stent according to  claim 14 , further comprising a sensor, wherein said sensor is selected from a group consisting of: an oxygen saturation sensor, a metabolic parameter sensor, a detecting electrocardiographic sensor, a stimulating electrocardiographic sensor.  
     
     
         21 . A segment or stent according to  claim 14 , further comprising a plurality of electrodes arranged so as to obtain the variations in local electrical impedance of the target.