Polyolefin production using high olefin concentration

Abstract

Provided is an apparatus for polymerising an olefin monomer, which apparatus comprises the following: (a) a reactor for polymerising the olefin monomer; (b) a means for measuring the presence of gas in the reactor; and (c) a means for controlling the concentration of olefin monomer in the reactor; wherein, the means for measuring the presence of gas in the reactor is a means capable of measuring a pressure curve in the reactor to determine whether the pressure curve is characteristic of a hydraulic system or a non-hydraulic system.

1 - 10 . (canceled)  
     
     
         11 . A method for polymerization of an olefin monomer in a reactor system: 
 a) introducing an olefin monomer and a diluent carrier liquid into a polymerization reactor;    b) supplying at least one polymerization catalyst system to said polymerization reactor circulating said diluent liquid in said olefin monomer within said reactor while polymerizing said olefin monomer in the presence of said catalyst system to produce a slurry of polymer fluff particle in said diluent carrier liquid;    c) recovering polymer particles from said polymerization reactor;    d) initiating a localized pressure drop in said reactor to produce a pressure wave in which the pressure varies with time;    e) measuring said pressure wave and characterizing said pressure wave as either a hydraulic pressure curve or a non-hydraulic pressure curve which is characteristic of a gas being present in said slurry; and    f) in response to the characteristic of said pressure curve as being a non-hydraulic pressure curve reducing the olefin monomer concentration in said reactor.    
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 11  wherein said reactor is a loop-type reactor and said localized pressure drop in said reactor is initialized when the pressure within said reactor reaches a threshold pressure of 35-50 bar.  
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 11  wherein said pressure wave is initiated by intermittently opening a valve in a conduit leading to the interior of said reactor at a frequency within the range of 4-7 seconds.  
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 11  wherein said localized pressure drop is within the range of 0.5-1.5 bars.  
     
     
         15 . A method for the polymerization of an olefin monomer in a loop reactor system comprising: 
 a) introducing an olefin monomer and a diluent carrier liquid into a reactor system comprising at least one loop reactor;    b) supplying a polymerization catalyst system to said reactor system;    c) circulating said diluent liquid and said olefin monomer through said loop reactor while polymerizing said olefin monomer in the presence of said catalyst system to produce a slurry of polymer fluff particles in said diluent carrier liquid;    d) initiating a localized pressure drop in said reactor to produce a pressure wave in which the pressure varies with time;    e) measuring said pressure wave and characterizing said pressure wave as either a hydraulic pressure curve or a non-hydraulic pressure curve which is characteristic of a gas being present in said slurry; and    f) in response to the characterization of said curve as being a non-hydraulic pressure curve, reducing the olefin monomer concentration in said reactor.    
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 15  further comprising diverting the flow of said slurry through said loop reactor into at least one settling leg connected to said loop reactor and having a valve therein and wherein said pressure drop is initiated by intermittently opening said valve to withdraw a settled polymer slurry from said at least one settling leg.  
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 16  wherein said settling leg valve is opened at a frequency within the range of 4-7 seconds.  
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 15  wherein the monomer concentration in said diluent liquid is within the range of 7-15 weight percent.  
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 18  wherein said monomer concentration is within the range of 10-12 weight percent.  
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 15  wherein said olefin monomer is selected from the group consisting of ethylene and propylene.  
     
     
         21 . The method of  claim 15  wherein said monomer is ethylene.  
     
     
         22 . The method of  claim 21  further comprising introducing a co-monomer into said reactor system to produce a copolymer of said ethylene and said co-monomer.  
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 15  wherein said pressure curve is characterized as a non-hydraulic pressure curve when said pressure curve has sharp inflections at maximum and minimum pressure amplitudes to provide a saw-toothed type curve and said pressure curve is characterized as a hydraulic pressure curve when said pressure curve has gradual inflections at maximum and minimum pressure amplitudes in the nature of a sinusoidal type curve.  
     
     
         24 . The method of  claim 15  wherein said loop reactor is operated at a temperature within the range of 70°-120° C.  
     
     
         25 . The method of  claim 24  when said loop reactor is operated at a temperature within the range of 80°-110° C.  
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 15  wherein said monomer is ethylene which is supplied to said loop reactor through an ethylene feed line and further comprising measuring said pressure wave by a pressure meter located in said ethylene feed line.  
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 15  wherein said olefin monomer is selected from the group consisting of ethylene and propylene and said diluent carrier liquid is selected from the group consisting butane, isobutane, and hexane.