Nanomaterials with tetrazole-based removable stabilizing agents

Abstract

Nanoparticles coated with tetrazole and methods for preparing them are provided. The nanoparticles can be coated onto a substrate and used in fabricating devices such as field effect transistors, switches, sensors, solar cells and spring exchange magnets.

1 . Nanoparticles coated with a tetrazole represented by the formula  
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein each R individually is selected from the group consisting of H, NH 2 , NR′R′, SH, C 1 -C 9  alkyl and C 1 -C 9  alkyl substituted with at least one member selected from the group consisting of halogen, NH 2  SH and COOH and when substituted with COOH the substitution is on the end carbon atom farthest from the nitrogen of the tetrazole ring, each R′ individually is selected from the group consisting of H and C 1 -C 4 ; and wherein at least one R group is H.  
   
   
       2 . The nanoparticles of  claim 1  wherein the tetrozole compound decomposes at temperatures of about 100° C. to about 350° C.  
   
   
       3 . The nanoparticles of  claim 1  wherein the tetrazole compound decomposes at temperatures of about 150° C. to about 280° C.  
   
   
       4 . The nanoparticles of  claim 1  having a particle size of about 20 nanometers or less.  
   
   
       5 . The nanoparticles of  claim 1  having particle size of about 10 nanometers or less.  
   
   
       6 . The nanoparticles of  claim 1  which comprise 5-aminotetrazole.  
   
   
       7 . The nanoparticles of  claim 6  which comprise CdS.  
   
   
       8 . A method for preparing the nanoparticles of  claim 1  which comprises adding the tetrazole during synthesis of the nanoparticles.  
   
   
       9 . A method for preparing the nanoparticles of  claim 1  which comprises adding the tetrazole after synthesis of the nanoparticles.  
   
   
       10 . An article which comprises a substrate and a layer of nanoparticles according to  claim 1  coated on the substrate.  
   
   
       11 . A method for fabricating an article which comprises depositing on a substrate, a layer of nanoparticles according to  claim 1 .  
   
   
       12 . The method of  11  which further comprises removing the tetrazole from surface of the nanoparticles.  
   
   
       13 . The method of  12  which further comprises sintering the nanoparticles after removing the molecules containing the tetrazole moiety.  
   
   
       14 . A method for fabricating a device which comprises depositing on a substrate, a layer of nanoparticles according to  claim 1 , then removing the molecules containing the tetrazole moiety from the surface of the nanoparticles; and then sintering the nanoparticles.  
   
   
       15 . The method of  claim 12  wherein the materials is catalytically active  
   
   
       16 . The method of  claim 12  where the device is a ferroelectric memory element.  
   
   
       17 . The method of  claim 12  where the device is a piezoelectric element.  
   
   
       18 . The method of  claim 14 , wherein the device is a field effort transistor.  
   
   
       19 . The method of  claim 14  wherein the device is a solar cell.  
   
   
       20 . The method of  claim 14  wherein the device is a spring exchange magnet.  
   
   
       21 . The method of  claim 14  wherein the device is a magneto resistive sensor.