Crystalline superfine particles, complex material, method of manufacturing crystalline superfine particles, inverted micelles, inverted micelles enveloping precursor superfine particles, inverted micelles enveloping crystalline superfine particles, and precursor superfine particles

Abstract

Crystalline superfine particles capable of emitting light depending upon a time-rate-of-change of a stress and controlled in grain size in the range from 5 nm to 100 nm are complexed with another material such as resin. The crystalline superfine particles are manufactured by using aggregates of molecules, i.e. inverted micelles, which orient hydrophilic groups of surfactant molecules inward and hydrophobic groups outward in a nonpolar solvent and which contain metal ions of a metal for forming the crystalline superfine particles dissolved in water inside the inverted micelles. Alternatively, they are manufactured by using inverted micelles enveloping precursor superfine particles, in which precursor superfine particles are enveloped in water inside the inverted micelles. The crystalline superfine particles are excellent in dispersibility in another material to be complexed, enhanced in emission efficiency and usable to make a transparent stress emission material. The complex material obtained is used to manufacture artificial light-emitting hair structures, artificial light-emitting skin, artificial light-emitting bodies, artificial light-emitting fabrics, and others.

1 - 25 . (canceled)  
     
     
         26 . An inverted micelle to be used for manufacturing a crystalline superfine particle which emits light depending upon the time-rate-of-change of a stress applied thereto, characterized in containing metal ions of a metal for forming the crystalline superfine particle in water contained in a molecular aggregate which orients hydrophilic groups of surfactant molecules inward and hydrophobic groups thereof outward in a nonpolar solvent.  
     
     
         27 . An inverted micelle enveloping a precursor superfine particle, which is used to manufacture a crystalline superfine particle which emits light depending upon the time-rate-of-change of a stress applied thereto, characterized in containing a precursor superfine particle in water contained in a molecular aggregate which orients hydrophilic groups of surfactant molecules inward and hydrophobic groups thereof outward in a nonpolar solvent.  
     
     
         28 . An inverted micelle enveloping a crystalline superfine particle, which is used for manufacturing a crystalline superfine particle which emits light depending upon the time-rate-of-change of a stress applied thereto, characterized in containing the crystalline superfine particle in water contained in a molecular aggregate which orients hydrophilic groups of surfactant molecules inward and hydrophobic groups thereof outward in a nonpolar solvent.  
     
     
         29 . A precursor superfine particle to be used for manufacturing a crystalline superfine particle which emits light depending upon the time-rate-of-change of a stress applied thereto, characterized in changing to the crystalline superfine particle when crystallized.  
     
     
         30 . A complex material comprising: 
 inverted micelles to be used for manufacturing crystalline fine particles which emit light depending upon the time-rate-of-change of a stress applied thereto, in which molecular aggregates each orienting hydrophilic groups of surfactant molecules inward and hydrophobic groups thereof outward in a nonpolar solvent, and each contain water in which metal ions of a metal for forming the crystalline superfine particles are dissolved; and    another material complexed with the inverted micelles.    
     
     
         31 . A complex material comprising: 
 inverted micelles enveloping precursor superfine particles to be used for manufacturing crystalline fine particles which emit light depending upon the time-rate-of-change of a stress applied thereto, in which molecular aggregates each orienting hydrophilic groups of surfactant molecules inward and hydrophobic groups thereof outward in a nonpolar solvent, and each contain water in which the precursor superfine particle is enveloped; and    another material complexed with the inverted micelles.    
     
     
         32 . A complex material comprising: 
 inverted micelles enveloping crystalline superfine particles to be used for manufacturing crystalline fine particles which emit light depending upon the time-rate-of-change of a stress applied thereto, in which molecular aggregates each orienting hydrophilic groups of surfactant molecules inward and hydrophobic groups thereof outward in a nonpolar solvent, and each contain water in which the crystalline superfine particle is enveloped; and    another material complexed with the inverted micelles.    
     
     
         33 . A complex material comprising: 
 precursor superfine particles used to manufacture crystalline superfine particles which emit light depending upon the time-rate-of-change of a stress applied thereto, and changeable to the crystalline superfine particles when crystallized; and    another material complexed with the inverted micelles.