Electroluminescent devices fabricated with encapsulated light emitting polymer particles

Abstract

The present system provides electroluminescent devices including electroluminescent panels, and more specifically, electroluminescent devices fabricated from materials including light emitting polymers and particles comprising light emitting polymers that have been encapsulated with conductive polymers and/or insulative polymers.

1 - 15 . (canceled)  
   
   
       16 . A light emitting particle comprising a light emitting polymer particle having a coating that comprises a conductive organic polymer or an insulating polymer.  
   
   
       17 . The light emitting particle according to  claim 16 , wherein the light emitting polymer particle contacts a hole-transporting material and an electron-transporting material, wherein the hole-transporting material is not in electrical contact with the electron-transporting material.  
   
   
       18 . The light emitting particle according to  claim 16 , wherein the light emitting polymer comprises at least one member that is selected from the group consisting of polypyridine, poly(p-phenylene vinylene), poly[2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene], poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene], poly[(2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene)-alt-co-(4,4′-biphenylene-vinylene)], poly[(9,9-dioctyl-2,7-divinylenefluorenylene)-alt-co-(9,10-anthracene)], poly[(9,9-dioctyl-2,7-divinylenefluorenylene)-alt-co-(4,4′-biphenylene)], poly[{9,9-dioctyl-2,7-divinylene-fluorenylene}-alt-co-{2-methoxy-5-(2-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene}], poly[{9,9-dioctyl-2,7-bis(2-cyanovinylene-fluorenylene}-alt-co-{2-methoxy-5-(2-ethyl hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene}], poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-(1-cyanovinylenephenylene)], poly[{9,9-dihexyl-2,7-bis(1-cyanovinylene)fluorenylene}-alt-co-{2,5-bis(N,N′-diphenylamino)-1,4-phenylene}], poly[{9-ethyl-3,6-bis(2-cyanovinylene)carbazolylene)}-alt-co-{2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene}], poly[(9,9-di(2-ethylhexyl)-fluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(N,N′-diphenyl)-N,N′-di-(p-butylphenyl)-1,4-diaminobenzene], poly[2-(6-cyano-6-methylheptyloxy)-1,4-phenylene), poly[{9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl}-co-{1,4-(2,5-dimethoxy)benzene}], poly[{9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl}-co-{1,4-(2,5-dimethoxy)benzene}], poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(1,4-ethylenylbenzene)], poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(1,4-diphenylene-vinylene-2-methoxy-5-{2-ethylhexyloxy}-benzene)], poly[(9,9-dihexylfluorenyl-2,7-divinylenefluorenylene)], poly[(9,9-dihexyl-2,7-(2-cyanodivinylene)-fluorenylene)], poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(1,4-vinylenephenylene)], poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(1,4-vinylenephenylene)], poly(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl, poly(9,9-dihexylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl), poly[9,9-di-(2-ethylhexyl)-fluorenyl-2,7-diyl], poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(N,N′-diphenyl)-N,N′-di(p-butyloxyphenyl)-1,4-diaminobenzene)], poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-alt-co-(N,N′-diphenyl)-N,N′-di(p-butyloxy-phenyl)1,4-diaminobenzene)], poly[(9,9-dihexylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(1,4-benzo-{2,1′,3}-thiadiazole)], poly[(9,9-dihexylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-alt-co-(9,10-anthracene)], poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-alt-co-(N,N′-bis{4-butylphenyl}-benzidine-N,N′-{1,4-diphenylene})], poly[(9,9-dihexylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-alt-co-(2-methoxy-5-{2-ethylhexyloxy}-1,4-phenylene)], poly[(9,9-dihexylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(9,ethyl-3,6-carbazole)]; poly[(9,9-dihexylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-alt-co-(9,ethyl-3,6-carbazole)], poly[(9,9-dihexylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-alt-co-(9,9′-spirobifluorene-2,7-diyl], poly[(9,9-dihexylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(2,5-p-xylene)], poly[(9,9-dihexylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(3,5-pyridine)], poly[(9,9-dihexylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(1,4-phenylene)], poly[(9,9-dihexylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-alt-co-(9,9-di-{5-pentanyl}-fluorenyl-2′,7′-diyl, poly[(9,9-dihexylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(6,6′{2,2′-bipyridine})], poly[(9,9-dihexylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(6,6′-{2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine})], poly[(9,9-dihexylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(N,N′bis{p-butylphenyl}-1,4-diaminophenylene)], and combinations thereof.  
   
   
       19 . The light emitting particle according to  claim 16 , wherein the hole-transporting material is selected from the group consisting of polyaniline, polypyrrole, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), poly(phenylenevinylene), indium tin oxide, and combinations thereof; and the electron-transporting material is selected from the group consisting of silver, magnesium, aluminum, copper, and combinations thereof.  
   
   
       20 . The light emitting particle according to  claim 16 , wherein the light emitting polymer particle comprises at least one member that is selected from the group consisting of tris(8-hydroxyquinolato)aluminum, tetra(2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolato)boron, 4,4′-bis(9-ethyl-3-carbazovinylene)-1,1′-biphenyl, 9,10-di[(9-ethyl-3-carbazoyl)vinylenyl)]-anthracene, 4,4′-bis(diphenylvinylenyl)-biphenyl, 1,4-bis(9-ethyl-3-carbazovinylene)-2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)benzene, tris(benzoylacetonato)mono(phenanthroline)europium (III), tris(dibenzoylmethane)mono(phenanthroline)europium (III), tris(dibenzoylmethane)mono(5-aminophenanthroline)europium (III), tris(dinapthoylmethane)mono(phenanthroline)europium (III), tris(biphenoylmethane)mono(phenanthroline)europium (III), tris(dibenzoylmethane)mono(4,7-diphenyl phenanthroline)europium (III), tris(dibenzoylmethane)mono(4,7-dimethyl-phenanthroline)europium (III), tris(dibenzoylmethane)mono(4,7-dihydroxy-phenanthroline)europium (III), tris(dibenzoylmethane)mono(4,7-dihydroxyloxy-phenanthroline)europium (III), lithium tetra(2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolinato)boron, lithium tetra(8-hydroxyquinolinato)boron, 4,4′-bis(9-ethyl-3-carbazovinylene)-1,1′-biphenyl, bis(8-hydroxyquinolinato)zinc, bis(2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolinato)zinc, iridium (III) tris(2-phenylpyridine), tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum, tris[1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-(2,2-dimethylpropan-1-oyl)-pyrazolin-5-one]-terbium, and combinations thereof.  
   
   
       21 . The light emitting particle according to  claim 16 , wherein the conductive organic polymer comprises at least one member that is selected from the group consisting of polyaniline, polypyrrole, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), and mixtures thereof.  
   
   
       22 . A printing ink comprising: 
 a solvent; having intermixed therein    a binder polymer; and    at least one light emitting particle comprising a light emitting polymer particle having a coating that comprises a conductive organic polymer or an insulating polymer, wherein the light emitting particle optionally comprises a hole-transporting material and an electron-transporting material which are in contact with the light emitting polymer particle.    
   
   
       23 . The printing ink according to  claim 22 , wherein the binder polymer comprises at least one member that is selected from the group consisting of poly(methylmethacrylate), poly(butylmethacrylate), poly(vinylbutyral), poly(vinylalcohol), poly(vinylchloride), polycarbonate, polystyrene, poly(vinylidene chloride), poly(vinylidene fluoride), poly(acrylonitrile), poly(oxyethylene), cellulose esters, cellulose ethers, nylon 6,6, nylon 12, nylon 6,12, poly(ethylene oxide), poly(ethylene-co-vinylacetate), poly(vinylcarbazole), poly(caprolactone), polysulfone, poly(vinylpyrrolidone), poly(4-vinylphenol), poly(methyloctadecylsiloxane), and combinations thereof.  
   
   
       24 . An illumination layer comprising a polymeric ink binder within which is embedded one or more light emitting particles each of which comprises a light emitting polymer particle having a coating that comprises a conductive organic polymer or an insulating polymer, wherein the light emitting particle optionally comprises a hole-transporting material and an electron-transporting material which are in contact with the light emitting polymer particle.  
   
   
       25 . The illumination layer according to  claim 24 , wherein the polymeric ink binder comprises at least one member that is selected from the group consisting of poly(methylmethacrylate), poly(butylmethacrylate), poly(vinylbutyral), poly(vinylalcohol), poly(vinylchloride), polycarbonate, polystyrene, poly(vinylidene chloride), poly(vinylidene fluoride), poly(acrylonitrile), poly(oxyethylene), cellulose esters, cellulose ethers, nylon 6,6, nylon 12, nylon 6,12, poly(ethylene oxide), poly(ethylene-co-vinylacetate), poly(vinylcarbazole), poly(caprolactone), polysulfone, poly(vinylpyrrolidone), poly(4-vinylphenol), poly(methyloctadecylsiloxane), and combinations thereof.  
   
   
       26 . An electroluminescent device comprising: 
 an illumination layer comprising a polymeric ink binder within which is embedded one or more light emitting particles each of which comprises a light emitting polymer particle having a coating that comprises a conductive organic polymer or an insulating polymer, wherein the light emitting particle optionally comprises a hole-transporting material and an electron-transporting material which are in contact with the light emitting polymer particle, which illumination layer is situated between    a rear electrode; and    a transparent electrode.    
   
   
       27 . The electroluminescent device according to  claim 26 , wherein the transparent electrode is a hole-transporting electrode and is in contact with a front outlining electrode.  
   
   
       28 . The electroluminescent device according to  claim 26 , having the following layers, in order: 
 a substrate;    a rear electrode;    an illumination layer comprising a polymeric ink binder within which is embedded one or more light emitting particles each of which comprises a light emitting polymer particle having a coating that comprises a conductive organic polymer or an insulating polymer, wherein the light emitting particle optionally comprises a hole-transporting material and an electron-transporting material which are in contact with the light emitting polymer particle;    a transparent hole-transporting electrode; and    a front outlining electrode.    
   
   
       29 . A method for fabricating an electroluminescent display device comprising: 
 providing a particle of a light emitting polymer encapsulated with an insulative polymer;    formulating a printing ink by mixing one or more encapsulated particles with a binder polymer;    depositing a rear electrode onto a substrate in a pattern;    depositing the printing ink onto the rear electrode to form an illumination layer;    depositing a transparent hole transporting electrode onto the illumination layer;    depositing a front outlining electrode onto the hole transporting electrode; and    depositing connection leads to the rear electrode and the front outlining electrode.