Nuclear battery and method of converting energy of radioactive decay

Abstract

A nuclear battery and method for directly converting energy of radioactive decay of a radioactive source ( 1 ) into more usable forms by utilizing a powdered-plate ( 3 ) where the powdered-plate ( 3 ) is comprised of a great multitude of dispersed particles in a dispersing medium and where the dispersed particles are capable of capturing, collecting, accumulating, storing, and transferring electric charges that result from the interaction of cold high energy emissions from the radioactive source ( 1 ) with the dispersed particles in the powdered-plate ( 3 ).

1 . An apparatus for converting high energy emissions of a radioactive source into electrical energy comprising: 
 (a) a radioactive source capable of providing high energy particle or ray emissions;    (b) a powdered-plate comprised of a great multitude of particles where said particles are of any size or shape, and are comprised of matter of any nature in any physical or electrical state or phase of matter, suspended or dispersed in a dispersing medium comprised of matter of any nature in any physical or electrical state or phase of matter, with said dispersed particles and said dispersing medium all contained together in a container and where said powdered-plate is disposed in a region adjacent to said radioactive source for collecting said high energy emissions or electric charges for establishing an electric potential difference between said powdered-plate and said radioactive source or another said powdered-plate;    (c) means for electrically insulating and physically separating said radioactive source from said powdered-plate;    (d) a circuit and means for electrically connecting said radioactive source with said powdered-plate for deriving an electric current through an electrical load device in response to said electric potential difference established between said radioactive source and said powdered-plate.    
   
   
       2 . The powdered-plate in  claim 1  wherein said powdered-plate is comprised of said dispersed particles in said dispersing medium and where said dispersed particles are comprised of electrically conductive matter.  
   
   
       3 . The powdered-plate in  claim 1  wherein said powdered-plate is comprised of said dispersed particles in said dispersing medium and where said dispersed particles are comprised of electrically non-conductive matter.  
   
   
       4 . The powdered-plate in  claim 1  wherein said powdered-plate is comprised of said dispersed particles in said dispersing medium and where said dispersed particles are comprised of a semiconductor matter.  
   
   
       5 . The powdered-plate in  claim 1  wherein said powdered-plate is comprised of said dispersed particles in said dispersing medium and where said dispersing medium is comprised of matter in a liquid state or phase.  
   
   
       6 . The powdered-plate in  claim 1  wherein said powdered-plate is comprised of said dispersed particles in said dispersing medium and where said dispersing medium is comprised of matter in a gaseous state or phase.  
   
   
       7 . The powdered-plate in  claim 1  wherein said powdered-plate is comprised of said dispersed particles in said dispersing medium and where said dispersing medium is comprised of matter in a solid state or phase.  
   
   
       8 . The powdered-plate in  claim 1  wherein said powdered-plate is comprised of said particles dispersed in said dispersing medium and where said powdered-plate is contained in a container comprised of matter that is electrically non-conductive.  
   
   
       9 . The powdered-plate in  claim 1  wherein said powdered-plate is comprised of said particles dispersed in said dispersing medium and where said powdered-plate is contained in a container comprised of matter that is electrically conductive.  
   
   
       10 . The powdered-plate in  claim 1  wherein said powdered-plate is comprised of said particles dispersed in said dispersing medium and where said powdered-plate is contained in a container comprised of matter that is a semiconductor.  
   
   
       11 . A nuclear battery and method for primarily generating and storing electrical energy comprising: 
 (a) providing a nuclear battery where said nuclear battery is comprised of a radioactive source capable of providing highly energetic particles or rays, set off a distance and electrically insulated by a dielectric matter from at least one powdered-plate, where said powdered-plate is disposed in a region adjacent to said radioactive source for collecting said high energy emissions of said radioactive source in order to establish an electric potential difference with respect to either said radioactive source or a second said powdered-plate;    (b) allowing electrically charged or uncharged particles, rays, or other high energy emissions originating from said radioactive source to reach said powdered-plate by penetrating through a dielectric matter or other means for electrically insulating and physically separating said powdered-plate from said radioactive source;    (c) accumulating and storing electric charges resulting from said high energy emissions of said radioactive source penetrating through said dielectric matter and into said powdered-plate, thus establishing said electric potential difference between said radioactive source and at least one said powdered-plate;    (d) preventing said electric charges accumulated by a great multitude of said dispersed particles in said dispersing medium in at least one said powdered-plate from escaping or from returning to said radioactive source;    (e) providing a means for transferring stored said electric charges from said dispersed particles in said powdered-plate;    (f) making a connection and providing a circuit for allowing said electric charges accumulated and stored by said dispersed particles in said dispersing medium in said powdered-plate to return to said radioactive source and for deriving an electric current through an electrical load device in response to said established electric potential difference between said radioactive source and said powdered-plate so that useful work can be done.    
   
   
       12 . The nuclear battery in  claim 11  wherein said nuclear battery contains more than one said powdered-plate and where electrically charged or uncharged highly energetic said particle or ray emissions of said radioactive source cause a secondary release of said particle or ray emissions by impacting with said dispersed particles in at least one said powdered-plate so that said electric potential difference is established between said radioactive source or another said powdered-plate, and where said electric current can be derived from said established voltage and said electric current can be made to flow through said electrical load device so that said useful work can be performed.  
   
   
       13 . The nuclear battery in  claim 11  wherein said nuclear battery is comprised of more than one said powdered-plate or is comprised of more than one said radioactive source, and where said powdered-plates and said radioactive sources are connected in either electrical series configurations or electrical parallel configurations, or a combination of both said electrical series configurations and said electrical parallel configurations, in order to increase the voltage, power, energy, efficiency, or effectiveness of said nuclear battery.  
   
   
       14 . The nuclear battery in  claim 11  wherein said radioactive source is comprised of a combination of radioactive or non-radioactive elements where each said element is in a gas, liquid, or solid state, or any combination thereof, and where said combination of said elements, emits a variety of charged or uncharged said particles or said rays that can be collected, accumulated, and stored by at least one said powdered-plate.  
   
   
       15 . The nuclear battery in  claim 11  wherein said dispersed particles or said dispersing medium comprising said powdered-plate are comprised of radioactive atoms that emit electrically charged or uncharged high energy particles or rays.  
   
   
       16 . A method of directly converting nuclear energy to electrical energy comprising: 
 (a) Providing a powdered-plate where said powdered-plate is comprised of particles of any size or shape, and where said particles are comprised of matter of any nature in any physical or electrical state or phase of matter, dispersed in a dispersing medium, where said dispersing medium is comprised of matter of any nature in any physical or electrical state or phase of matter, and where said dispersed particles in said dispersing medium are capable of capturing, accumulating, storing, and transferring electric charges resulting from said dispersed particles being affected by high energy particle or ray emissions of a radioactive source;    (b) allowing high energy particle or ray emissions of said radioactive source to affect said dispersed particles in said dispersing medium in said powdered-plate so electric charges can be generated, captured, accumulated, stored, and transferred by said dispersed particles;    (c) distributing and transferring said generated electric charges to each said dispersed particle in said dispersing medium in said powdered-plate for accumulating a large quantity of said electric charges and to lower the electric potential difference established between said powdered-plate and said radioactive source;    (d) preventing said electric charges accumulated and stored by said dispersed particles in said dispersing medium from escaping the confines of said powdered-plate;    (e) making a connection and providing a circuit so said electric charges in said powdered-plate stored by said dispersed particles can return to said radioactive source through an electrical load device so useful work can be performed with electrical energy derived from energy of radioactive decay and nuclear reactions of said radioactive source.