Pyrotechnic charge and process for the preparation thereof

Abstract

A pyrotechnic charge and a process for preparation thereof, whereby the pyrotechnic charge can be used as an impulse element requiring little space. The pyrotechnic charge has at least one nanostructured, porous fuel body; a protective layer on the surface of the at least one fuel body; and a fluorine-eliminating substance as an oxidizing agent, which is provided in the cavities or porosities of the at least one fuel.

1 . Pyrotechnic charge, comprising 
 at least one nanostructured, porous fuel body; and    a protective layer on the surface of the at least one fuel body; and an oxidizing agent,    which is provided in the cavities or porosities of the at least one fuel body, wherein the oxidizing agent is a fluorine-eliminating substance.    
   
   
       2 . Pyrotechnic charge according to  claim 1 , wherein the oxidizing agent is selected from the group consisting of fluorocarbons and fluoronitrogen compounds.  
   
   
       3 . Pyrotechnic charge according to  claim 1 , wherein the oxidizing agent is selected from the group consisting of octafluoronaphthalene (C 10 F 8 ), decafluorobiphenyl (C 12 F 10 ), octakis(trifluoromethyl)cubane C 8 (CF 3 ) 8 , polyfluoro[60]fullerene C 60 F 48 , perfluorotridecane C 13 F 28 , perfluorotetradecane C 14 F 30 , perfluoropentadecane C 15 F 32 , perfluorohexadecane C 16 F 34 , perfluoroeicosane C 20 F 42  and perfluorotetracosane C 24 F 50 .  
   
   
       4 . Pyrotechnic charge according to  claim 1 , wherein the oxidizing agent is selected from the group consisting of hexafluoropropene/vinylidene fluoride copolymer, polychlorotrifluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride.  
   
   
       5 . Pyrotechnic charge according to  claim 1 , wherein the oxidizing agent is poly(bisdifluoroaminoethylene) (—C 2 H 2 (NF 2 )—) n .  
   
   
       6 . Pyrotechnic charge according to  claim 1 , wherein the oxidizing agent is selected from the group consisting of the complex compounds of perfluoroazonium cations and homologues thereof and transition metal fluoridate anions.  
   
   
       7 . Pyrotechnic charge according to  claim 1 , wherein the at least one fuel body is formed by a material selected from the group consisting of silicon, boron, aluminium, titanium, zirconium or a mixture thereof.  
   
   
       8 . Process for the preparation of a pyrotechnic charge, comprising the steps of: 
 providing at least one nanostructured, porous fuel body imparting a protective layer to the surface of the at least one fuel body; and providing the cavities or porosities of the at least one fuel body with an oxidizing agent, wherein the oxidizing agent is a fluorine-eliminating substance.    
   
   
       9 . Process according to  claim 8 , wherein the oxidizing agent is selected from the group consisting of fluorocarbons and fluoronitrogen compounds.  
   
   
       10 . Process according to  claim 8 , wherein the oxidizing agent is selected from the group consisting of octafluoronaphthalene (C 10 F 8 ), decafluorobiphenyl (C 12 F 10 ), octakis-(trifluoromethyl)cubane C 8 (CF 3 ) 8 , polyfluoro[60]fullerene C 60 F 48 , perfluorotridecane C 13 F 28 , perfluorotetradecane C 14 F 30 , perfluoropentadecane C 15 F 32 , perfluorohexadecane C 16 F 34 , perfluoroeicosane C 20 F 42  and perfluorotetracosane C 24 F 50 .  
   
   
       11 . Process according to  claim 8 , wherein the oxidizing agent is selected from the group consisting of hexafluoropropene/vinylidene fluoride copolymer, polychlorotrifluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride.  
   
   
       12 . Process according to  claim 8 , wherein the oxidizing agent is poly(bisdifluoroaminoethylene) ( C 2 H 2 (NF 2 )—) n .  
   
   
       13 . Process according to  claim 8 , wherein the oxidizing agent is selected from the group consisting of the complex compounds of perfluoroazonium cations and homologues thereof and transition metal fluoridate anions.  
   
   
       14 . Process according to  claim 8 , wherein the at least one fuel body is formed by a material selected from the group consisting of silicon, boron, aluminium, titanium, zirconium or a mixture thereof  
   
   
       15 . Process according to  claim 8 , wherein the oxidizing agent is introduced into the cavities of the at least one fuel body by thermally induced diffusion.  
   
   
       16 . Process according to  claim 16 , wherein the oxidizing agent is introduced into the cavities of the at least one fuel body by solvent-induced diffusion.  
   
   
       17 . Process according to  claim 16 , wherein the solvent is supercritical carbon dioxide CO 2 .  
   
   
       18 . Process according to  claim 8 , wherein the surface of the at least one fuel body is functionalized with a monolayer of perfluorinated alkyl or aryl radicals and fluorine in order to provide the surface with a protective layer.  
   
   
       19 . Process according to  claim 18 , wherein the surface of the at least one fuel body is subjected to a thermal pretreatment under inert gas up to an initial exothermicity of the binary system in order to provide the surface with a protective layer.  
   
   
       20 . Use of the pyrotechnic charge according to  claim 1  or of a pyrotechnic charge prepared by the process according to  claim 8  as an impulse element for projectiles, for controlling the attitude of satellites, for controlling rockets, missiles, projectiles and the like, for igniting explosives or for igniting propellant charges, pyrotechnic charges and the like.