Dental implant system and additional methods of attachment

Abstract

Disclosed in this specification is a dental implant assembly with an abutment head integrally joined to an implant body. The top section of the abutment head a shape formed by a linear wall adjacent to an arcuate wall; a ledge is located beneath the top section of the abutment; and the abutment head extends above the ledge a distance of from about 1.5 to about 10 millimeters. The implant body has a base section and a neck section, each of which has a different degree of roughness.

1 . A dental implant assembly comprised of an integral dental implant, wherein said integral dental implant is comprised of a head section and a base section integrally joined to one another, wherein: 
 (a) said head section has a length of from about 1.5 to about 10 millimeters;    (b) said base section has a length of from about 3 to about 50 millimeters; and    (c) said base section is threaded.    
   
   
       2 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 1 , wherein said head section is comprised of a top head section and a bottom head section, wherein said head section extends downwardly and outwardly from said top head section to said bottom head section.  
   
   
       3 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 1 , wherein said base section is comprised of a top base section and a bottom base section, wherein said base section extends upwardly and outwardly from said bottom base section to said top base section.  
   
   
       4 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 1 , wherein said base section is comprised of a bioactive coating comprised of a biologically active agent.  
   
   
       5 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 4 , wherein said biologically active agent is selected from the group consisting of a bone morphogenetic protein, a basic fibroblast growth factor, a transforming growth factor, an osteogenic growth peptide, a hydroxyapatite, and combinations thereof.  
   
   
       6 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 4 , wherein said biologically active agent is a bone morphogenetic protein.  
   
   
       7 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 4 , wherein said biologically active agent is comprised of a bone morphogenetic protein and a hydroxyapatite.  
   
   
       8 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 1 , further comprising a neck section disposed between, and integrally joined with, said head section and said base section, wherein said neck section has a length of from about 0.1 to about 6 millimeters.  
   
   
       9 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 1 , wherein said head section is comprised of a roughened surface that has an average irregular roughness of from about 0.001 to about 1000 microns.  
   
   
       10 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 8 , wherein said neck section is comprised of parallel walls.  
   
   
       11 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 10 , wherein said base section is comprised of a roughened section that has a first average irregular roughness of from about 0.001 to about 1,000 microns.  
   
   
       12 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 11 , wherein said first average irregular roughness is from about 0.01 to about 1000 microns.  
   
   
       13 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 11 , wherein said first average irregular roughness is from about 3 to about 20 microns.  
   
   
       14 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 11 , wherein said neck section has a second average irregular roughness such that said first average irregular roughness of said base section is at least about two times as great as said second average roughness of said neck section.  
   
   
       15 . A dental implant assembly comprised of an integral dental implant, wherein said integral dental implant is comprised of a head section, a neck section, and a base section integrally joined to one another such that said neck section is disposed between, and integrally joined with, said head section and said base section, wherein: 
 (a) said head section has a length of from about 1.5 to about 10 millimeters;    (b) said head section has a diameter of from about 1 to about 12 millimeters;    (c) said base section has a length of from about 3 to about 50 millimeters;    (d) said base section has a diameter of from about 1 to about 12 millimeters;    (e) said base section is threaded;    (f) said neck section has a length of from about 0.1 to about 6 millimeters and is comprised of parallel walls;    (g) said neck section has a diameter of from about 1 to about 12 millimeters.    
   
   
       16 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 15 , wherein said head section is comprised of a multiplicity of walls integrally joined to said head section.  
   
   
       17 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 16 , wherein said multiplicity of walls is comprised of a first wall that it is substantially perpendicular to said neck section.  
   
   
       18 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 17 , wherein said multiplicity of walls is comprised of a second wall that is substantially perpendicular to said neck section.  
   
   
       19 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 15 , wherein said head section is further comprised of a bore that extends into said head section a distance of from about 1.5 to about 10 millimeters.  
   
   
       20 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 15 , wherein said neck section is further comprised of a ledge with a ledge angle between said head section and said neck section.  
   
   
       21 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 15 , wherein said neck section is further comprised of a ledge formed by joining the head and the base in reverse curves.  
   
   
       22 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 20 , wherein said ledge angle is a right angle.  
   
   
       23 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 20 , wherein said ledge angle is an obtuse angle.  
   
   
       24 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 23 , wherein said obtuse angle is a sloping obtuse angle.  
   
   
       25 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 20 , wherein said ledge angle is an acute angle.  
   
   
       26 . A dental implant assembly comprised of an integral dental implant, wherein said integral dental implant is comprised of a head section and a base section integrally joined to one another, wherein: 
 (a) said head section has a length of from about 1.5 to about 10 millimeters;    (b) said base section has a length of from about 3 to about 50 millimeters;    (c) said base section is comprised of a roughened section that has a first average irregular roughness of from about 0.001 to about 1,000 microns;    (d) said base section is threaded;    (e) said base section is comprised of an axial hole that is substantially parallel to the long axis of said implant assembly; and    (f) said base section is comprised of holes that are substantially perpendicular to the long axis of said implant assembly, wherein said holes are in fluid communication with said axial hole.    
   
   
       27 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 26 , wherein said first average irregular roughness is from about 0.001 to about 10 microns.  
   
   
       28 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 26 , wherein said first average irregular roughness is from about 3 to about 1000 microns.  
   
   
       29 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 27 , further comprising a neck section, wherein said neck section is disposed between, and integrally joined with, said head section and said base section, wherein: 
 (a) said neck section has a length of from about 0.1 to about 6 millimeters;    (b) said neck section is unthreaded; and    (c) said neck section is comprised of parallel walls.    
   
   
       30 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 29 , wherein said neck section has a second average irregular roughness that is equal to said first average irregular roughness of said base section.  
   
   
       31 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 29 , wherein 
 (a) said base section is further comprised of a longitudinal channel disposed on said base section; and    (b) at least one of said holes that are perpendicular to the long axis of said implant assembly is disposed within said longitudinal channel.    
   
   
       32 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 27 , wherein said dental implant assembly consists essentially of titanium.  
   
   
       33 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 29 , wherein said neck section is comprised of a ledge, wherein said ledge section is disposed between, and integrally joined with, said head section and said base section wherein: 
 (a) said head section is comprised of top head section and a bottom head section integrally joined to said top section, wherein: 
 i. said top head section has a shape formed by a linear wall adjacent to an arcuate wall;  
 ii. said head section has a length of from about 1.5 to about 10 millimeters;  
 iii. said bottom head section is integrally joined to said neck section, thus forming said ledge, said ledge having an angle of from about 45 to about 90 degrees;  
   (b) said base section is comprised of a top base section and a bottom base section, wherein said base section extends upwardly and outwardly from said bottom base section to said top base section wherein said top base section is integrally joined to said neck section;    (c) wherein: 
 i. said base section has a length of from about 3 to about 20 millimeters, and the surface of said base section has an average irregular roughness of from about 0.001 to about 1,000 microns;  
 ii. said neck section has a length of from about 0.01 to about 6 millimeters, and the surface of said neck section has an average roughness of from 0.001 to about 1000 microns;  
 iii. said length of said neck section is less than about 15 percent than said length of said base section; and  
 iv. said average irregular roughness of said base section is at least about ten times as great as said average roughness of said neck section.  
   
   
   
       34 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 27 , wherein said base section is comprised of a bioactive coating comprised of a biologically active agent.  
   
   
       35 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 34 , wherein said biologically active agent is selected from the group consisting of a bone morphogenetic protein, a basic fibroblast growth factor, a transforming growth factor, an osteogenic growth peptide, a hydroxyapatite, and combinations thereof.  
   
   
       36 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 34 , wherein said biologically active agent is a bone morphogenetic protein.  
   
   
       37 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 34 , wherein said biologically active agent is comprised of a bone morphogenetic protein and a hydroxyapatite.  
   
   
       38 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 33 , wherein said average irregular roughness of said neck is from about 0.1 to about 100 microns.  
   
   
       39 . The dental implant assembly as recited in  claim 33 , wherein said average irregular roughness of said base is from about 3 to about 1,000 microns.