Block for constructing retaining wall, prefabricated reinforced retaining wall constructed using the block and construction method of the prefabricated reinforced retaining wall

Abstract

Provided are blocks for constructing a retaining wall, a prefabricated reinforced earth retaining wall constructed using the blocks, a method for constructing the prefabricated reinforced earth retaining wall. The block for constructing a retaining wall comprises a front surface 10 forming a surface of the retaining wall, and a rear surface 20; left and rights sides 30 and 30′ having corresponding intermeshing portions 32 and 32′ formed thereon; a top surface 40 having reinforcement member insertion grooves 44 formed in a front-to-rear direction, and fixture grooves 46 formed on either side of the front of the reinforcement member insertion grooves 44 for fixing the reinforcement member or anchor; and a bottom surface 50 corresponding to the top surface 40, wherein a connecting pin insertion hole h 1 for pinning upper and lower blocks with a connecting pin and a lifting pin insertion hole h 2 for simultaneously lifting the upper and blocks, penetrate through the top and bottom surfaces 40 and 50.

1 . A block for constructing a retaining wall comprising: 
 a front surface  10  forming a surface of the retaining wall, and a rear surface  20  contacting a reinforced earth structure;    left and right sides  30  and  30 ′ having corresponding intermeshing portions  32  and  32 ′ formed thereon for intermeshed connection between adjacent blocks, respectively;    a top surface  40  having reinforcement member insertion grooves  44  formed in a front-to-rear direction, into which a reinforcement member or an anchor for connecting the reinforcement member is fitted and fixture grooves  46  formed on either side of the front of the reinforcement member insertion grooves  44  for fixing the reinforcement member or anchor; and    a bottom surface  50  corresponding to the top surface  40 , wherein a connecting pin insertion hole h 1  for pinning upper and lower blocks with a connecting pin and a lifting pin insertion hole h 2  for simultaneously lifting the upper and blocks, penetrate through the top and bottom surfaces  40  and  50 .    
   
   
       2 . The block of  claim 1 , wherein a hollow H penetrating the top and bottom surfaces  40  and  50  thereof is formed.  
   
   
       3 . The block of  claim 1  or  2 , wherein the connecting pin insertion pins h 1  are formed on either side of the top and bottom surfaces  40  and  50 , lifting pin insertion holes h 2  are formed at the center thereof in consideration of the center of gravity during lifting, an extension groove h 2 ′ having a larger diameter is formed around the lifting pin insertion hole h 2  on the top surface  40  so that the lower end of the lifting pin can rotate.  
   
   
       4 . The block of  claim 1 , wherein a partition wall  55  is formed at the center of the rear surface  20 , the partition wall  55  horizontally extending both rearward from the rear portion of the front surface  10  and horizontally, so that reinforcement member insertion grooves  44  and  54  are separately formed vertically with respect to the partition wall  55 .  
   
   
       5 . The block of  claim 4 , wherein the upper surface of the partition wall  55  slopes downward and rearward.  
   
   
       6 . A block for constructing a retaining wall comprising: 
 a front surface  10  forming a surface of a retaining wall, and a rear surface  20  contacting a reinforced earth structure;    left and right sides  30  and  30 ′ formed rearward toward the rear surface  20  at left and right sides of the front surface  10 , and having intermeshing portions  32  and  32 ′ for intermeshed connection between adjacent blocks at their front portions, and narrow portions stepped with the intermeshing portions  32  and  32 ′ at their rear portions;    a top surface  40  having assembling protrusions  42  and  42 ′ formed on the front and middle portions thereof, reinforcement member insertion grooves  44  formed in the rear portion in a front-to-rear direction, into which a reinforcement member or an anchor for connecting the reinforcement member is fitted, and fixture grooves  46 , into which a fixture pin P for fixing the reinforcement member or anchor is inserted, formed on either side of front of the reinforcement member insertion groove  44  in such a way as to be opened toward the left and right sides  30  and  30 ′; and    a bottom surface  50  having assembling recesses  52  and  52 ′ recessed at its front and middle portions to be located at positions corresponding to the assembling protrusions  42  and  42 ′ formed on the top surface  40 , and reinforcement member insertion grooves  54  and fixture grooves  56  formed at its rear portion corresponding to the counterparts  44  and  46  of the top surface  40 .    
   
   
       7 . The block of  claim 6 , wherein anther assembling protrusion  42 ′ and assembling recess  52 ′ are formed at the middle portions of the top and bottom surfaces  40  and  50 , respectively, the assembling recess  52 ′ is formed at the location corresponding to that of the assembling protrusion  42 ′, elongated connecting pin Insertion holes h 1  and h 3  for inserting a connecting pin P′ that connects upper and lower blocks penetrate through the assembling protrusions  42  and  42 ′ and assembling recesses  52  and  52 ′, an elongated lifting pin insertion hole h 2  is formed vertically between assembling protrusions  42  and  42 ′ or between assembling recesses  52  and  52 ′ in such a way as to lift blocks, and a small groove is formed around the lower rim of the lifting pin insertion hole h 2  for hooking a projection positioned in the lower end of a lifting pin P″.  
   
   
       8 . The block of  claim 6  or  7 , wherein a recessed portion  12  is further formed inward with respect to the front surface  10 , and a top surface  12   a  and a bottom surface  12   b  of the recessed portion  12  slope upward with respect to a front, upper portion of the block, the recessed portion  12  being led to reinforcement member insertion grooves  44 ,  54  of the rear surface  20  of the block.  
   
   
       9 . A block for constructing a retaining wall comprising: 
 a front surface  10  forming a surface of the retaining wall and a rear surface  20  contacting a reinforced earth structure;    left and right sides  30  and  30 ′ formed rearward from the left and right of the front surface  10  toward the rear surface  20  and having intermeshing portions  32  and  32 ′ for connecting adjacent blocks in an intermeshed fashion;    a top surface  40  having a crosswise assembling projection  42  connecting upper and lower blocks with each other in an intermeshed fashion, a reinforcement member insertion groove  44  formed in a front-to-rear direction in which a leading edge of the reinforcement member buried inside a reinforced earth structure or a reinforcement member connecting anchor is inserted, and a fixture groove  46  formed in the left and right of the reinforcement member insertion groove  44 , and into which the reinforcement member or the anchor is inserted into; and    a bottom surface  50  having a crosswise assembling groove  52  recessed at a location corresponding to the crosswise assembling projection  42  of the top surface  40 , a reinforcement member insertion groove  54  formed at a location corresponding to the reinforcement member insertion groove  44 , a vertical wall  57  extending from the reinforcement member insertion groove  44  and formed between the reinforcement member insertion grooves  44  and  54 , and a partition wall  55  formed between the reinforcement member insertion grooves  44  and  54  in a left-to-right direction ranging from the front surface to the rear surface  20 .    
   
   
       10 . The block of  claim 9 , wherein connecting pin and lifting pin insertion holes h 1  and h 2  are formed at interconnections of the assembling projections  42  and the assembling grooves  52  formed on the top and bottom surfaces  40  and  50 , respectively, the lifting pin insertion hole h 2  is shaped of a slot elongated in a front-to-rear direction, and an internal locking portion  52   a  is formed in the assembling groove  52  formed on the bottom surface  50  of the block in the left-to-right direction so that a lifting pin P″ is hooked therein.  
   
   
       11 . The block of  claim 9  or  10 , wherein front faces of upper and lower reinforcement member insertion grooves  44  and  54  are closed by blocking walls  44   a  and  54   a.    
   
   
       12 . A prefabricated reinforced earth retaining wall constructed using the block claimed in any one of claims  1 ,  2 ,  4 ,  5 ,  6 ,  7 ,  9  and  10 .  
   
   
       13 . A method for constructing a retaining wall using the block claimed in any one of claims  1 ,  2 ,  4 ,  5 ,  6 ,  7 ,  9  and  10 , the method comprising: 
 digging trenches for footing and then casting footing concrete in order to construct the footing;    placing blocks on the cast footing in a horizontal direction so that they are adjacent to one another and stacking and aligning another block on each block placed horizontally using a vertical connecting pin P′ in order to install the blocks; and    arranging reinforcement members on a reinforced earth structure and filling and compacting the reinforced earth placed in the rear of the installed block with soil, such that a leading edge of each reinforcement member is inserted into a reinforcement member insertion groove to thereby connect the reinforcement member to the block, the reinforcement members are arranged on the reinforced earth, and then, the reinforcement members arranged on the reinforced earth are backfilled and compacted with soil.    
   
   
       14 . A method for repairing a reinforced earth retaining wall constructed by the method claimed in  claim 13 , the method comprising: 
 lifting up blocks positioned above the damaged portion of a block, the blocks belonging to a row containing the damaged block, to disassemble the overlying block after lifting a reinforcement member fitted into a reinforcement member insertion groove and separating the same from the block;    removing the damaged block after disassembling the overlying block;    placing a new block at the location of the previously damaged block, inserting a vertical connecting pin, and fitting a leading edge of the reinforcement member buried inside a reinforced earth into a reinforcement member insertion groove of the new block in order to connect the reinforcement member to the block; and    reversing the order of the above disassembling step to reconstruct the disassembled block.    
   
   
       15 . The method of  claim 14 , where many rows of blocks are damaged, comprising: 
 disassembling blocks positioned above rows containing the damaged blocks in a sequential order from one row to another;    removing the damaged blocks after disassembling the overlying blocks;    placing new blocks at locations of the previously damaged blocks, inserting vertical connecting pins, and fitting leading edges of the reinforcement members buried inside a reinforced earth structure into reinforcement member insertion grooves of the new blocks; and    reversing the order of the above disassembling step to reconstruct the disassembled blocks.    
   
   
       16 . A panel for a prefabricated block-type reinforced earth retaining wall comprising: 
 a plurality of unit blocks B each unit including a front surface  10  forming an outer surface of a retaining wall, a rear surface  20  contacting a reinforced earth structure, a bottom surface  50  and a top surface  40  having a plurality of channels  1  and throughholes  2  vertically formed at a predetermined position of each channel  1 , and left and right sides  30  and  30 ′ having an insertion portion  5  and a locking groove  6 , creating a portion into which an insertion portion L for preventing the unit blocks B of an adjacent panel A from alienating from or getting close to each other by interlocking unit blocks B of the adjacent panel A, is inserted;    connecting elements P′ inserted into the throughholes  2  in a state in which the plurality of unit blocks B are vertically stacked; and    connecting means  12 ′ engaged with one end of the connecting element P′ and connecting the stacked plurality of unit blocks B with one another.    
   
   
       17 . The panel of  claim 16 , wherein the fixture element L is in a bottom-opened rectangular ( ) shape.  
   
   
       18 . The panel of  claim 16 , wherein the insertion portion  5  is formed at lower edges of either side of the unit block B in such a way as to be opened downward and laterally, and the locking groove  6  has substantially the same shape with that of the insertion portion  5  the locking groove  6  having a horizontally elongated, elliptical groove  6   a  extending downward so that both ends of the fixture element L are inserted thereinto to be hooked thereon.  
   
   
       19 . The panel of  claim 18 , wherein the insertion portion  5  and the locking groove  6  are configured to extend in a front-to-rear direction toward outside.  
   
   
       20 . The panel of  claim 16 , wherein a closely adhering surface  31 , to which a support plate S of a clamp C for fixing adjacent panels by locking the fixture element L is closely adhered, is formed at either side of the rear surface  20  of the unit block B.  
   
   
       21 . A method for constructing a reinforced earth retaining wall using a prefabricated panel, comprising: 
 assembling panels such that unit blocks B, formed at factories, are assembled using connecting elements P′ and connecting means  12 ′;    transporting panels and placing the same on a footing of the retaining wall, and interlocking the panels A such that a fixture element L is inserted into a locking groove  6  through an insertion portion  5  formed on a unit block B forming each panel A, and a temporary fixing clamp C is locked on the fixture element L and tightened by a nut N in the rear of the panel A, thereby maintaining an interlocked state between the panels;    sequentially resting another panels A on the panels to interlock adjacent panels using the fixture element L in the same manner as in the interlocking step, and arranging reinforcement members in a horizontal direction in the rear of the panels A; and    applying a reinforced earth structure over the horizontally arranged reinforcement members and compacting.