Implantable medical device with anti-neoplastic drug

Abstract

An implantable medical device such as a catheter includes an outer controlled-release layer with a pharmacologically active ingredient for helping to prevent the occurrence or recurrence of cancer, or an immunosuppressive drug. The outer layer includes a bioactive material such as paclitaxel or other drug known to help reduce the incidence of formation of tumors or other cancerous items within the body of a patient.

1 . An implantable medical device, comprising: 
 a medical device for insertion into a patient;    an attachment layer on at least a portion of the medical device; and    a controlled-release outer layer on at least a portion of the attachment layer, wherein the outer layer further comprises at least one anticancer, anti-neoplastic, or immunosuppressive drug.    
   
   
       2 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the anticancer drug is selected from the group consisting of Taxol (paclitaxel) and its derivatives, tamoxifen citrate and its derivatives, methotrexate and its derivatives, dexamethasone, dexamethasone sodium phosphate, dexamethasone acetate or other dexamethasone derivative, 5-aminolevulinic acid, meta-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorine, hexadecafluoro zinc phthalocyanine, tetramethyl hematoporphyrin, rhodamine 123, a colchicine, an antimititoc drug, a microtubule inhibitor, finasteride, terazosin hydrochloride, and flutamide.  
   
   
       3 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the anticancer drug is selected from the group consisting of docetaxel and its derivatives, fluoro-pyrimidines including 5-fluoroacil and its derivatives, hydroxyurea, mercaptopurine, cisplatin, anthracyclines including daunorubicin and doxorubicin and their derivatives, podophylotoxins including etoposide, and mitoxantrone and its derivatives, a folic acid antagonist other than methotrexate and its derivatives, a camptothecin, and a platinum complex.  
   
   
       4 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the immunosuppressive drug is cyclosporine or methotrexate.  
   
   
       5 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the immunosuppressive drug is selected from the group consisting of rapamycin, cortico-steroids, mycophenolate, and cyclophosphamide, and their derivatives, salts, analogs and pro-drugs.  
   
   
       6 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the medical device is selected from the group consisting of a ureteral stent, a urethral catheter, a biliary stent, a pancreatic stent, a catheter for suprapubic drainage, a catheter for nephrostomy drainage, a catheter for nasal pancreatic drainage, and a nasal biliary drainage catheter.  
   
   
       7 . The device of  claim 6 , wherein walls of the medical device comprise a metallic coil or a polymer.  
   
   
       8 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the anticancer drug is released over a period of up to six months.  
   
   
       9 . The device of  claim 1 , further comprising an outer hydrophilic coating.  
   
   
       10 . The device of  claim 1 , further comprising an antiencrustation compound selected from the group consisting of heparin, covalent heparin, dexamethasone, dexamethasone sodium phosphate, dexamethasone acetate and another dexamethasone derivative.  
   
   
       11 . The device of  claim 1 , further comprising an antiencrustation compound selected from the group consisting of triclosan, silver nitrate, ofloxacin, ciproflaxin, phosphorylcholine and trimethoprim.  
   
   
       12 . An implantable medical device, comprising: 
 a medical device for insertion into a patient;    an attachment layer on at least a portion of the medical device; and    a controlled-release outer layer on at least a portion of the attachment layer, wherein the outer layer further comprises an anti-cancer compound or anti-neoplastic compound, and an additional compound.    
   
   
       13 . The implantable device of  claim 12 , wherein the additional compound is heparin, covalent heparin, dexamethazone, dexamethasone sodium phosphate, dexamethasone acetate or another dexamethasone derivative.  
   
   
       14 . The implantable device of  claim 12 , further comprising an antiencrustation compound selected from the group consisting of triclosan, silver nitrate, ofloxacin, ciproflaxin, phosphorylcholine and trimethoprim.  
   
   
       15 . The implantable device of  claim 12 , wherein the additional compound is a mixture of rifampin and minocycline.  
   
   
       16 . The implantable device of  claim 12 , wherein the additional compound is an analgesic.  
   
   
       17 . The implantable device of  claim 12 , wherein the additional compound is an anesthetic.  
   
   
       18 . The implantable device of  claim 12 , wherein the additional compound is aspirin.  
   
   
       19 . A method of treating a patient, the method comprising: 
 furnishing an implantable medical device with a controlled-release outer layer including an anticancer or immunosuppressive drug; and    placing the device into the patient.    
   
   
       20 . The method of  claim 19 , wherein the implantable medical device further comprises an additional pharmacologically active compound.