Energetic structural material

Abstract

A composite material including at least one energetic material and at least one filler, the composite material useful for the manufacture of structural components.

1 . An energetic composite material comprising at least one energetic resin and at least one reinforcing filler.  
     
     
         2 . The energetic composite material of  claim 1  wherein said energetic resin is a two-part thermosetting composition.  
     
     
         3 . The energetic composite material of  claim 1  wherein said at least one energetic resin is selected from the group consisting of: 
 a) a two part composition wherein part A comprises at least one polymer having two or more azide moieties and part B comprises at least one polyfunctional compound having two or more carbon-carbon double bonds positioned next to an activating moiety; at least one compound having at least one allyl moiety, at least one compound having at least one acetylenic moiety, or mixtures thereof;    b) a two part composition wherein part A comprises at least one energetically substituted alkyl diisocyanate and part B comprises at least one polyol; or    c) at least one free radical cured energetically substituted vinyl compound.    
     
     
         4 . The energetic composite material of  claim 3  wherein said at least one energetically substituted alkyl diisocyanate comprises at least one nitro group or at least one nitraza group.  
     
     
         5 . The energetic composite material of  claim 4  wherein said at least one energetically substituted alkyl diisocyanate is selected from the group consisting of 3,3,5,7,7-pentanitro-5-aza-1,9-nonane diisocyanate; 2-nitraza-1,4-butane diisocyanate; 2,5-dinitraza-1,6-hexane diisocyanate; and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         6 . The energetic composite material of  claim 5  wherein said free radical cured energetically substituted vinyl compound is selected from the group consisting of nitroethyl methacrylate, dinitropropyl acrylate, trinitroethyl acrylate, and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         7 . The energetic composite material of  claim 1  wherein said energetic resin is a two part resin having a component A and a component B, and said energetic composite material is formed by premixing A and B and wetting said reinforcing filler with the premix.  
     
     
         8 . The energetic composite material of  claim 3  wherein said activating moiety is selected from the group consisting of carboxyls, carboxyl esters, ketones, aldehydes, halogens, aromatic rings, nitro groups, nitrile groups and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         9 . The energetic composite material of  claim 3  wherein said at least one polyfunctional compound is an acrylate.  
     
     
         10 . The energetic composite material of  claim 9  wherein said at least one polyfunctional compound is selected from the group consisting of diacrylates, triacrylates and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         11 . The energetic composite material of  claim 9  further comprising a non-acrylate.  
     
     
         12 . The energetic composite material of  claim 9  wherein said acrylate is selected from the group consisting of 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, hexanediol dipropriolate, tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, pentaerythritol diacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         13 . The energetic composite material of  claim 3  wherein said at least one polyfunctional compound is a polyolefin.  
     
     
         14 . The energetic composite material of  claim 3  wherein said at least one polyfunctional compound is glyoxal bis (diallyal acetal).  
     
     
         15 . The energetic composite material of  claim 3  wherein said at least one polymer is a glycidyl azide polyol.  
     
     
         16 . The energetic composite material of  claim 15  wherein said at least one polyfunctional compound is glyoxal bis (diallyl acetal) and said at least one polymer is glycidyl azide polyol.  
     
     
         17 . The energetic composite material of  claim 16  wherein said ratio of glyoxyl bis (diallyl acetal) to said glycidyl azide polyol is about 0.3:1.0 about 1.5:1.  
     
     
         18 . The energetic composite material of  claim 15  wherein said at least one polymer is glycidyl azide polyol and said polyfunctional compound is a polyfunctional acrylate.  
     
     
         19 . The energetic composite material of  claim 18  wherein the ratio of polyfunctional acrylate to in the acrylate cured GAP is in the range of about 0.5:1 to about 0.5:1.5 polyfunctional acrylate to GAP.  
     
     
         20 . The energetic composite material of  claim 3  wherein said at least one polyfunctional compound is selected from the group consisting of propargyl ether, dipropargyl carbonate, tripropargyl 1,3,5 benzene tricarboxylate, pentaerythritol di-3-butynate, pentaerythritol tri-3-butynate, pentaerythritol tetra-3-butynoate, pentaerythritol di-4-pentynoate, pentaerythritol tri-4-pentynoate, pentaerythritol tetra-4-pentynoate, dipropargyl bisphenol A, trimethylol 3-butyonates, trimethylol 4-pentynoates, hexanediol di-3-butynoate, hexanediol di-4-pentynoate, teteaethylene glycol di-3-butynoate, teteaethylene glycol di-4-pentynoate, ethylene glycol di-3-butynoate, ethylene glycol di-4-pentynoate, neopentyl di-3-butynoate, neopentyl di-4-pentynoate, diethylene glycol di-3-butynoate, diethylene glycol di-4-pentynoate, glyerol di and tri-3-butynoates, glycerol di and tri-4-pentynoates, and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         21 . The energetic composite material of  claim 1  wherein said at least one reinforcing filler is a member selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, carbon fibers, polyaramid fibers, cellulosic fibers, paper, metal, wire, silica powders, carbon black and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         22 . The energetic composite material of  claim 1  further comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of surfactants, energetic powders, antioxidants and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         23 . The energetic composite material of  claim 1  further comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of nitramines, ammonium perchlorates, ammonium nitrates and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         24 . The energetic composite material of  claim 23  further comprising at least one nitramine selected from the group consisting of trimethylene trinitramine, tetramethylene tetranitramine, and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         25 . The energetic composite material of  claim 1  further comprising an initiation system.  
     
     
         26 . A combustible article formed from an energetic composite material, said energetic composite material comprising: 
 A) at least one reinforcing filler; and    B) at least one energetic resin selected from the group consisting of: 
 i) an energetic two part resin which is the reaction product of at least one polymer having two or more azide moieties and at least one polyfunctional compound having two or more carbon-carbon double bonds which are adjacent to an activating moiety, at least one compound having at least one allyl moiety, at least one compound having at least one acetylenic moiety, or mixtures thereof;  
 ii) an energetic two part resin which is the reaction product of at least one energetically substituted alkyl diisocyanate and at least one polyol;  
 iii) a free radical cured energetically substituted vinyl compound;  
   and mixtures thereof.    
     
     
         27 . The article of  claim 26  wherein said reinforcing filler is wetted with i), ii) or iii) or mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         28 . The combustible article of  claim 26  further comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of nitramines, ammonium perchlorates, ammonium nitrates, and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         29 . The deflagratable and/or detonatable article of  claim 26  wherein said at least one polyfunctional compound is an acrylate.  
     
     
         30 . The deflagratable and/or detonatable article of  claim 29  wherein said acrylate is a member selected from the group consisting of hexanediol diacrylate, hexanediol dipropriolate, tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, pentaerythritol diacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, trimethylporpane triacrylate and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         31 . The deflagratable and/or detonatable article of  claim 26  wherein said at least one polymer is a glycidyl azide polyol.  
     
     
         32 . The deflagratable and/or detonatable article of  claim 26  wherein said at least one energetic resin is formed from a two part composition which is the reaction product of a polyfunctional acrylate and GAP wherein the ratio of polyfunctional acrylate to GAP is in the range of about 0.5:1 to about 0.5:1.5 polyfinctional acrylate to GAP.  
     
     
         33 . The deflagratable and/or detonatable article of  claim 26  wherein said activating moiety is selected from the group consisting of carboxyls, carboxyl esters, ketones, aldehydes, halogens, aromatic rings, nitro groups, nitrile groups and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         34 . The deflagratable and/or detonatable article of  claim 26  wherein said least one energetically substituted alkyl diisocyanate is selected from the group consisting of 3,3,5,7,7-pentanitro-5-aza-1,9-nonane diisocyanate; 2-nitraza-1,4-butane diisocyanate; 2,5-dinitraza-1,6-hexane diisocyanate; and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         35 . The deflagratable and/or detonatable article of  claim 26  wherein said free radical cured energetically substituted vinyl compound is selected from the group consisting of nitroethyl methacrylate, dinitropropyl acrylate, trinitroethyl acrylate, and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         36 . The deflagratable and/or detonatable article of  claim 26  wherein said at least one reinforcing filler includes at least one member selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, carbon fibers, polyaramid fibers, cellulosic fibers, paper, metal, wire, silica powders, carbon black and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         37 . The deflagratable and/or detonatable article of  claim 26  further comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of surfactants, energetic powders, antioxidants and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         38 . The deflagratable and/or detonatable article of  claim 26  wherein said article is a cartridge casing, a rocket motor case, an aircraft body, a gun projectile sabot, or a component for reconnassaince equipment.  
     
     
         39 . The deflagratable and/or detonatable article of  claim 26  wherein said at least one energetic resin is a two part composition formed from the reaction of at least one polyfunctional acrylate and glycidyl azide polyol.  
     
     
         40 . The deflagratable and/or detonatable article of  claim 39  wherein said ration of polyfunctional acrylate to GAP is about 0.5:1 to about 0.5:1.5.  
     
     
         41 . The deflagratable and/or detonatable article of  claim 39  further comprising a non-acrylate.  
     
     
         42 . The deflagratable and/or detonatable article of  claim 26  wherein said at least one energetic resin is a two part composition formed from the reaction of at least one glyoxal bis (diallyl acetal) and at least one glycidyl azide polyol.  
     
     
         43 . The deflagratable and/or detonatable article of  claim 42  wherein the ratio of said at least one glyoxal bis (diallyl acetal) to at least one glycidyl azide polyol is about 0.3:1 to about 1.5:1.0.  
     
     
         44 . The deflagratable and/or detonatable article of  claim 26  wherein said at least one polyfinctional compound is selected from the group consisting of propargyl ether, dipropargyl carbonate, tripropargyl 1,3,5 benzene tricarboxylate, pentaerythritol di-3-butynate, pentaerythritol tri-3-butynate, pentaerythritol tetra-3-butynoate, pentaerythritol di-4-pentynoate, pentaerythritol tri-4-pentynoate, pentaerythritol tetra-4-pentynoate, dipropargyl bisphenol A, trimethylol 3-butyonates, trimethylol 4-pentynoates, hexanediol di-3-butynoate, hexanediol di-4-pentynoate, teteaethylene glycol di-3-butynoate, teteaethylene glycol di-4-pentynoate, ethylene glycol di-3-butynoate, ethylene glycol di-4-pentynoate, neopentyl di-3-butynoate, neopentyl di-4-pentynoate, diethylene glycol di-3-butynoate, diethylene glycol di-4-pentynoate, glyerol di and tri-3-butynoates, glycerol di and tri-4-pentynoates.  
     
     
         45 . The deflagratable and/or detonatable article of  claim 26  further comprising an initiation system.  
     
     
         46 . A method of making a structural article or a component of an article which is detonatable, deflagratable or both, the method comprising the steps of: 
 a) providing a premix of a component A and component B of a two-part energetic resin in liquid form or a one-part energetic resin in liquid form;    b) providing a reinforcing filler;    c) wetting the reinforcing filler with the liquid of a); and    d) allowing c) to solidify.    
     
     
         47 . The method of  claim 46  wherein said article is a cartridge casing, an aircraft body, a gun projectile sabot or a component for reconnaissance equipment.  
     
     
         48 . The method of  claim 46  wherein said article or component of said article further comprises an initiation system.