Fluid in liquid state containing dispersed nano-particles of metal or the like

Abstract

Nano-particles 1 of a metal or the like are dispersed in a liquid fluid 2. Thereby, the reactivity or toxicity of the liquid fluid can be reduced when the liquid fluid has reactivity or toxicity. The flow resistance of the liquid fluid can be raised, and the leakage of the liquid fluid from minute cracks can be reduced. By using the liquid fluid as a heat transfer medium of a heat exchanger, the heat transfer performance equivalent to or higher than the heat transfer performance of the original heat exchanger can be obtained.

1 . A fluid in a liquid state wherein one or more kinds of nano-particles selected from a group consisting of metals, alloys and metallic compounds are dispersed in a fluid in a liquid state.  
     
     
         2 . A fluid in a liquid state wherein the reactivity or toxicity thereof is reduced by dispersing one or more kinds of nano-particles selected from a group consisting of metals, alloys and metallic compounds in a fluid in a liquid state having reactivity or toxicity.  
     
     
         3 . A fluid in a liquid state wherein the flow resistance thereof is enhanced by dispersing one or more kinds of nano-particles selected from a group consisting of metals, alloys and metallic compounds in a fluid in a liquid state.  
     
     
         4 . A fluid in a liquid state as a heat transfer medium for a heat exchanger wherein the thermal conductivity of said heat transfer medium is raised by dispersing in said fluid in a liquid state one or more kinds of nano-particles selected from a group consisting of metals, alloys and metallic compounds having a higher thermal conductivity than said fluid in a liquid state.