US2005252202A1PendingUtilityA1

Integrated apparatus for removing pollutants from a fluid stream in a lean-burn environment with heat recovery

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Individually held — no corporate assignee on recordPriority: Nov 6, 1998Filed: Jun 27, 2005Published: Nov 17, 2005
Est. expiryNov 6, 2018(expired)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Inventors:Dorriah PageBradley L. EdgarRobert Macdonald
F01N 13/0097F01N 3/035F01N 2610/03B01D 53/9454F01N 2260/08Y02A50/20F01N 2240/02B01D 53/944F01N 3/0253F01N 3/2066Y02T10/12B01D 2258/012
42
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Claims

Abstract

An apparatus and method to treat fluid streams, and in particular emissions from lean-burn engines such as diesel engines, are disclosed, which use multiple catalysts chosen to remove hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, particulate matter, and oxides of nitrogen. The apparatus and method also provide for heat exchange between the inlet and outlet exhaust streams to sustain the catalyzed reactions, by placing the catalysts in the temperature zones where their operation is enhanced, and they also allow for regeneration of a filter used to trap particulate matter in the streams.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
1 . An apparatus comprising: 
 a heat exchanger defining an inlet passage and an outlet passage    a diesel particulate filter adapted to oxide a hydrocarbon, a particulate matter and a carbon monoxide, the diesel particulate filter disposed at an interface between the inlet passage and the outlet passage    a NOx catalyst adapted to reduce a NOx compound    wherein the heat exchanger is adapted to transfer heat from the NOx catalyst to the diesel particulate filter.    
   
   
       2 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the inlet passage and the outlet passage are disposed in a spiral configuration.  
   
   
       3 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the inlet passage and the outlet passage are disposed in a shell-and-tube configuration.  
   
   
       4 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the inlet passage and the outlet passage are disposed in a plate and frame configuration.  
   
   
       5 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the inlet passage and the outlet passage are disposed in a rotating head configuration.  
   
   
       6 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the inlet passage and the outlet passage are disposed in a flow switching configuration.  
   
   
       7 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the NOx catalyst is disposed along the inlet passage.  
   
   
       8 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the NOx catalyst is a coating on the diesel particulate filter.  
   
   
       9 . The apparatus of  claim 1  further comprising: 
 a fuel injector    a pressure sensor adapted to produce a signal indicative of pressure in the inlet passage    a controller adapted to regulate a rate at which the fuel injector injects a hydrocarbon into the inlet passage based on the signal.    
   
   
       10 . The apparatus of  claim 1  further comprising: 
 a fuel injector    a temperature sensor adapted to produce a signal indicative of temperature in the inlet passage    a controller adapted to regulate a rate at which the fuel injector injects a hydrocarbon into the inlet passage based on the signal.    
   
   
       11 . A process comprising: 
 a NOx catalyst reducing a NOx compound in a fluid stream thereby generating heat    a heat exchanger transferring at least some of the heat generated from the NOx catalyst to a diesel particulate filter    the diesel particulate filter oxidizing a hydrocarbon, a particulate matter and a carbon monoxide in the fluid stream.    
   
   
       12 . The process of  claim 11  further comprising: 
 a pressure sensor producing a signal indicative of pressure of the fluid stream upstream of the diesel particulate filter    a controller regulating a rate at which a fuel injector injects a hydrocarbon into the fluid stream upstream of the diesel particulate filter    wherein the controller regulates the rate based on the signal.    
   
   
       13 . The process of  claim 11  further comprising: 
 a temperature sensor producing a signal indicative of temperature of the fluid stream upstream of the diesel particulate filter    a controller regulating a rate at which a fuel injector injects a hydrocarbon into the fluid stream upstream of the diesel particulate filter    wherein the controller regulates the rate based on the signal.    
   
   
       14 . The process of  claim 12  wherein the controller regulates the rate with a pulse width modulation technique.  
   
   
       15 . The process of  claim 13  wherein the controller regulates the rate with a pulse width modulation technique.  
   
   
       16 . A process comprising: 
 a diesel particulate filter oxidizing a hydrocarbon, a particulate matter and a carbon monoxide in a fluid stream thereby generating heat    a heat exchanger transferring at least some of the heat generated from the diesel particulate filter to a NOx catalyst    the NOx catalyst reducing an NOx compound in the fluid stream.    
   
   
       17 . The process of  claim 16  further comprising: 
 a pressure sensor producing a signal indicative of pressure of the fluid stream upstream of the diesel particulate filter    a controller regulating a rate at which a fuel injector injects a hydrocarbon into the fluid stream upstream of the diesel particulate filter    wherein the controller regulates the rate based on the signal.    
   
   
       18 . The process of  claim 16  further comprising: 
 a temperature sensor producing a signal indicative of temperature of the fluid stream upstream of the diesel particulate filter    a controller regulating a rate at which a fuel injector injects a hydrocarbon into the fluid stream upstream of the diesel particulate filter    wherein the controller regulates the rate based on the signal.    
   
   
       19 . The process of  claim 17  wherein the controller regulates the rate with a pulse width modulation technique.  
   
   
       20 . The process of  claim 18  wherein the controller regulates the rate with a pulse width modulation technique.  
   
   
       21 . An apparatus comprising: 
 a vessel defining an inlet passage, an outlet passage and a catalyst chamber, the catalyst chamber disposed between the inlet passage and the outlet passage, the inlet passage adapted to receive a fluid stream    a diesel particulate filter adapted to oxide a hydrocarbon, a particulate matter and a carbon monoxide, the diesel particulate filter disposed in the catalyst chamber    a NOx catalyst adapted to reduce a NOx compound, the NOx catalyst disposed in the catalyst chamber    a fuel injector disposed upstream of the catalyst chamber    a pressure sensor adapted to produce a signal indicative of pressure upstream of the diesel particulate filter    a controller adapted to regulate a rate at which the fuel injector injects a hydrocarbon into the inlet passage based on the signal.    
   
   
       22 . An apparatus comprising: 
 a vessel defining an inlet passage, an outlet passage and a catalyst chamber, the catalyst chamber disposed between the inlet passage and the outlet passage, the inlet passage adapted to receive a fluid stream    a diesel particulate filter adapted to oxide a hydrocarbon, a particulate matter and a carbon monoxide, the diesel particulate filter disposed in the catalyst chamber    a NOx catalyst adapted to reduce a NOx compound, the NOx catalyst disposed in the catalyst chamber    a fuel injector disposed upstream of the catalyst chamber    a temperature sensor adapted to produce a signal indicative of temperature in the inlet passage    a controller adapted to regulate a rate at which the fuel injector injects a hydrocarbon into the inlet passage based on the signal.    
   
   
       23 . A process comprising: 
 a NOx catalyst reducing a NOx compound in a fluid stream thereby generating heat    a diesel particulate filter receiving heat from the NOx catalyst    the diesel particulate filter oxidizing a hydrocarbon, a particulate matter and a carbon monoxide in the fluid stream.    
   
   
       24 . The process of  claim 23  further comprising: 
 a pressure sensor producing a signal indicative of pressure of the fluid stream upstream of the diesel particulate filter    a controller regulating a rate at which a fuel injector injects a hydrocarbon into the fluid stream upstream of the diesel particulate filter    wherein the controller regulates the rate based on the signal.    
   
   
       25 . The process of  claim 23  further comprising: 
 a temperature sensor producing a signal indicative of temperature of the fluid stream upstream of the diesel particulate filter    a controller regulating a rate at which a fuel injector injects a hydrocarbon into the fluid stream upstream of the diesel particulate filter    wherein the controller regulates the rate based on the signal.    
   
   
       26 . The process of  claim 24  wherein the controller regulates the rate with a pulse width modulation technique.  
   
   
       27 . The process of  claim 25  wherein the controller regulates the rate with a pulse width modulation technique.

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