Implantable medical device with lubricious material

Abstract

An implantable medical device with lubricious material permits implantable medical devices to have a reduced friction between the device and at least a portion of the surrounding tissue. The implantable medical device may have a housing or it may have a housing and a member for providing a smooth interface between the device and the tissue. The lubricious material may be provided on or impregnated in the housing or the member. In some embodiments, the device is configured for implantation in the head of a human body. In other embodiments, the device is configured for implantation between the cranium and the scalp. In some embodiments, the device includes a single module while in other embodiments a plurality of modules are coupled together to provide a smaller profile.

1 . An implantable medical device for implantation within a human body, the implantable medical device comprising: 
 a first module comprising a first housing, wherein the first housing contains at least a portion of the electronics for providing monitoring of or therapy to a patient; and    a lubricious material on or impregnated in the first housing for reducing the friction between the first housing and a tissue of the human body.    
     
     
         2 . The implantable medical device of  claim 1 , wherein the implantable medical device is configured for implantation in the head of the human body.  
     
     
         3 . The implantable medical device of  claim 2 , wherein the implantable medical device is configured for implantation between the scalp and the cranium.  
     
     
         4 . The implantable medical device of  claim 1  further comprising a second module, the second module comprising a second housing, and wherein the lubricious material is on or impregnated in the second housing.  
     
     
         5 . The implantable medical device of  claim 1 , wherein the lubricious material is absent from at least one side of the first housing.  
     
     
         6 . The implantable medical device of  claim 5 , wherein the lubricious material is only on or impregnated in one side of the first housing.  
     
     
         7 . The implantable medical device of  claim 1 , wherein the housing is metal.  
     
     
         8 . The implantable medical device of  claim 7 , wherein the housing is titanium.  
     
     
         9 . The implantable medical device of  claim 3 , wherein the side of the housing facing the scalp is substantially convex as viewed from the scalp and the lubricious material is on or impregnated in the substantially convex side of the housing.  
     
     
         10 . An implantable medical device for implantation within a human body, the implantable medical device comprising: 
 a first module comprising a first housing, wherein the first housing contains at least a portion of the electronics for providing monitoring of or therapy to a patient;    a member coupled to the first module, wherein the member provides a smooth interface between at least a portion of the first housing and a tissue of the human body; and    a lubricious material on or impregnated in at least a portion of the member for reducing the friction between the member and a tissue of the human body.    
     
     
         11 . The implantable medical device of  claim 10 , wherein the lubricous material is only on or impregnated in one side of the member.  
     
     
         12 . The implantable medical device of  claim 10 , wherein the implantable medical device is configured for implantation in the head of the human body.  
     
     
         13 . The implantable medical device of  claim 12 , wherein the implantable medical device is configured for implantation between the scalp and the cranium.  
     
     
         14 . The implantable medical device of  claim 13 , wherein the side of the member facing the scalp is substantially convex as viewed from the scalp.  
     
     
         15 . The implantable medical device of  claim 14 , wherein the lubricious material is only on or impregnated in the substantially convex side of the member.  
     
     
         16 . The implantable medical device of  claim 10 , wherein the member is flexible.  
     
     
         17 . The implantable medical device of  claim 10 , wherein the member comprises an elastomeric material.  
     
     
         18 . The implantable medical device of  claim 17 , wherein the elastomeric material is silicone.  
     
     
         19 . The implantable medical device of  claim 10 , wherein the member comprises a non-elastomeric material.  
     
     
         20 . The implantable medical device of  claim 19 , wherein the non-elastomeric material is one of a polysulfone and a polyurethane.  
     
     
         21 . The implantable medical device of  claim 10 , further comprising a lead connection module within the member for connecting an external lead to electronics within the first module.  
     
     
         22 . The implantable medical device of  claim 10 , wherein an edge of the member provides a sloped interface with a surface of a patient, and an angle between the edge and the surface of the patient is greater than 90 degrees.  
     
     
         23 . The implantable medical device of  claim 22 , wherein the angle is within a range from 120 and 150 degrees.  
     
     
         24 . The implantable medical device of  claim 23 , wherein the angle is approximately equal to 135 degrees.  
     
     
         25 . The implantable medical device of  claim 10 , wherein the member comprises a material having a high thermal conductivity to act as a heat sink for thermal energy generated within the first module.  
     
     
         26 . The implantable medical device of  claim 10 , wherein the member comprises a material having a low thermal conductivity to act as a shield of thermal energy generated within the first module.  
     
     
         27 . The implantable medical device of  claim 10 , wherein the member includes a groove to hold external lead material.  
     
     
         28 . The implantable medical device of  claim 10 , wherein the member includes a pouch to hold external lead material.  
     
     
         29 . The implantable medical device of  claim 10 , wherein the member includes a through-hole to receive an attachment mechanism for attaching the implantable medical device to a patient.  
     
     
         30 . The implantable medical device of  claim 10 , further comprising a second module coupled to the member, the second module comprising a second housing, wherein the member provides a smooth interface between the first and second housings and a tissue of the human body.  
     
     
         31 . The implantable medical device of  claim 30 , wherein the lubricous material is only on or impregnated in one side of the member.  
     
     
         32 . The implantable medical device of  claim 30 , wherein the implantable medical device is configured for implantation in the head of the human body.  
     
     
         33 . The implantable medical device of  claim 32 , wherein the implantable medical device is configured for implantation between the scalp and the cranium.  
     
     
         34 . The implantable medical device of  claim 33 , wherein the side of the member facing the scalp is substantially convex as viewed from the scalp.  
     
     
         35 . The implantable medical device of  claim 34 , wherein the lubricious material is only on or impregnated in the substantially convex side of the member.  
     
     
         36 . The implantable medical device of  claim 30 , wherein the member is flexible.  
     
     
         37 . The implantable medical device of  claim 30 , wherein the member comprises an elastomeric material.  
     
     
         38 . The implantable medical device of  claim 37 , wherein the elastomeric material is silicone.  
     
     
         39 . The implantable medical device of  claim 30 , wherein the member comprises a non-elastomeric material.  
     
     
         40 . The implantable medical device of  claim 39 , wherein the non-elastomeric material is one of a polysulfone and a polyurethane.  
     
     
         41 . The implantable medical device of  claim 30 , further comprising a lead connection module within the member for connecting an external lead to electronics within the first module.  
     
     
         42 . The implantable medical device of  claim 30 , wherein an edge of the member provides a sloped interface with a surface of a patient, and an angle between the edge and the surface of the patient is greater than 90 degrees.  
     
     
         43 . The implantable medical device of  claim 42 , wherein the angle is within a range from 120 and 150 degrees.  
     
     
         44 . The implantable medical device of  claim 43 , wherein the angle is approximately equal to 135 degrees.  
     
     
         45 . The implantable medical device of  claim 1 , wherein the lubricious material is at least one of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) hydrogel, fluoroethylpolymer, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFT), paralene, and a hydrophilic polymer.  
     
     
         46 . The implantable medical device of  claim 10 , wherein the lubricious material is at least one of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) hydrogel, fluoroethylpolymer, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFT), paralene, and a hydrophilic polymer.  
     
     
         47 . An implantable medical device for implantation within a human body, the implantable medical device comprising: 
 a first module comprising a first housing, wherein the first housing contains at least a portion of the electronics for providing monitoring of or therapy to a patient; and    lubricating means on or impregnated in the first housing for reducing the friction between the first housing and a tissue of the human body.    
     
     
         48 . An implantable medical device for implantation within a human body, the implantable medical device comprising: 
 a first module comprising a first housing, wherein the first housing contains at least a portion of the electronics for providing monitoring of or therapy to a patient;    a member coupled to the first module, wherein the member provides a smooth interface between at least a portion of the first housing and a tissue of the human body; and    lubricating means on or impregnated in at least a portion of the member for reducing the friction between the member and a tissue of the human body.    
     
     
         49 . An implantable medical device for implantation within the head of a human body, the implantable medical device comprising: 
 a plurality of modules, the plurality of modules comprising a plurality of housings, wherein the plurality of housings contains at least a portion of the electronics for providing monitoring of or therapy to a patient;    means for integrating the modules into a single structure that at least partially encapsulates each of the housings, whereby the means for integrating the modules provides a smooth interface between the plurality of housings and a tissue of the human body; and    lubricating means on or impregnated in at least a portion of the means for integrating for reducing the friction between the means for integrating and a tissue of the human body.    
     
     
         50 . The implantable medical device of  claim 49 , wherein the means for integrating is flexible.  
     
     
         51 . The implantable medical device of  claim 49 , wherein the means for integrating provides a sloped interface with a surface of a patient.  
     
     
         52 . A method for fabricating an implantable medical device, the method comprising: 
 fabricating a first module, the first module comprising a first housing wherein the first housing contains at least a portion of the electronics for providing monitoring of or therapy to a patient;    applying a lubricious material to at least a portion of the housing for reducing friction between the housing and a tissue of a human body.    
     
     
         53 . The method according to  claim 52 , wherein the lubricious material is at least one of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) hydrogel, fluoroethylpolymer, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFT), paralene, and a hydrophilic polymer.  
     
     
         54 . The method according to  claim 52 , wherein the step of applying a lubricious material to the housing comprises spraying a lubricious material onto the housing.  
     
     
         55 . The method according to  claim 52 , wherein the step of applying a lubricious material to the housing comprises placing the housing into the lubricious material.  
     
     
         56 . The method according to  claim 52  further comprising fabricating a second module, the second module comprising a second housing, and applying a lubricious material to the second housing.  
     
     
         57 . The method according to  claim 56  further comprising coupling the second module to the first module.  
     
     
         58 . The method according to  claim 52 , wherein the implantable medical device is configured for implantation within a head of a patient.  
     
     
         59 . The method according to  claim 53 , wherein the implantable medical device is configured for implantation between a scalp and a cranium of the patient.  
     
     
         60 . A method for fabricating an implantable medical device, the method comprising: 
 fabricating a member configured to provide a smooth interface between the implantable medical device and a tissue of a human body;    fabricating a first module;    combining the member and the first module to construct the implantable medical device; and    applying a lubricious material to the member for reducing friction between the member and the tissue.    
     
     
         61 . The method of  claim 60 , wherein the lubricious material is at least one of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) hydrogel, fluoroethylpolymer, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFT), paralene, and a hydrophilic polymer.  
     
     
         62 . The method according to  claim 60 , wherein the member comprises a solid biocompatible elastomeric material that is flexible.  
     
     
         63 . The method according to  claim 60 , wherein the step of applying a lubricious material to the member comprises spraying a lubricious material onto the member.  
     
     
         64 . The method according to  claim 60 , wherein the step of applying a lubricious material to the member comprises placing the member into the lubricious material.  
     
     
         65 . The method according to  claim 60 , wherein the implantable medical device is configured for implantation within a head of a patient.  
     
     
         66 . The method according to  claim 60 , wherein the implantable medical device is configured for implantation between a scalp and a cranium of the patient.