Methods for detecting, diagnosing and treating human renal cell carcinoma

Abstract

Gene expression profiling and hierarchical clustering analysis readily identify differential gene expressions in normal renal epithelial cells and renal cell carcinomas. Genes identified by this analysis would be useful for diagnosis, prognosis and development of targeted therapy for the prevention and treatment of conventional renal cell carcinoma.

1 . A method of detecting conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma, comprising the steps of: 
 obtaining biological samples from an individual;    determining gene expression level of one or more gene encoding one or more protein selected from the group consisting of TGF-b1, TGF-a, adrenomedulin, fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), vascular epidermal growth factor (VEGF), osteonectin, follistatin like-3, inhibin beta A, spondin 2, chemokine X cytokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), fibronectin, neuropilin 1, frizzled homolog 1, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3, laminin alpha 3, integrin beta 2, semaphorins 6A, semaphorins 5B, semaphorins 3B, caspase 1, sprouty 1, CDH16, PCDH9, compliment component 1-beta, compliment component 1-alpha, compliment component 1-gamma, CD53, CDW52, CD163, CD14, CD3Z, CD24, RAP1, angiopoietin 2, cytokine knot secreted protein, MAPKKKK4, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase, pyruvate carboxyknase 2, 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2, GAS1, CDKN1, nucleolar protein 3, interferon induced protein 44, NR3C1, vitamin D receptor, hypothetical protein FLJ14957 (Affy# 225817_at), metallothionein 2A, metallothionein-If gene, metallothionein 1H, secreted frizzled related protein 1, connective tissue growth factor, and epidermal growth factor; and    performing statistical analysis on the expression level of said gene as compared to that expressed in normal biological samples, wherein statistically different gene expression levels would indicate said individual has conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma.    
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said normal biological samples are selected from the group consisting of tissue samples, serum samples, urine samples, saliva samples, blood samples and biopsy samples.  
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said biological samples are obtained from said individual.  
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said gene expression is determined by a method selected from the group consisting of DNA microarray, real-time PCR, RT-PCR, and northern analysis.  
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said statistical analysis is selected from the group consisting of hierarchical cluster analysis, Bonferoni Analysis and Students t test.  
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein gene expression in the blood samples are based on the amount of protein detected in the blood samples.  
     
     
         7 . A method of detecting conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma, comprising the steps of: 
 obtaining biological samples from an individual;    determining in said samples the expression level of type III TGF-b receptor; and    comparing said expression level to that present in normal tissue, wherein decreased level of said TGF-b receptor indicates that said individual has conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma.    
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein said biological samples are selected from the group consisting of tissue samples, serum samples, urine samples, saliva samples, blood samples and biopsy samples.  
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein said biological samples are obtained from said individual.  
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein type III TGF-b receptor expression level is determined at RNA or protein level.  
     
     
         11 . A method of detecting stage I conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma, comprising the steps of: 
 obtaining biological samples from an individual;    determining in the biological samples expression level of one or more gene having a GenBank accession number selected from the group consisting of NM004356.1, NM002293.2, NM000980.1, AK002091.1, NM005721.2, NM002668.1, NM021038.1, AF070656.1, NM021029.1, NM002945.1, NM002480.1, NM001349.1, NM005496.1, AW163148, NM002356.4, M68956.1, AI589086, NM006762.1, NM014267.1, NM000235.1, NM000176.1, NM005737.2, NM005737.2, BC001051.1, NM006169.1, NM005862.1, AI356412, NM002350.1, BG107456, NM021913.1, NM002194.2, NM019058.1, NM004079.1, NM001784.1, AF151853.1, NM000491.2, BC000125.1, NM004520.1, NM000321.1, NM012262.2, NM000560.1, NM005502.1, AF285167.1, BG170541, NM021642.1, BE967532, NM006526.1, NM000570.1, N26005, NM006153.1, NM001549.1, NM003141.1, NM014705.1, NM005197.1, NM002907.1, U43328.1, NM017925.1, NM006773.2, U20350.1, NM005761.1, NM004834.1, NM021644.1, NM006640.1, NM004180.1, NM002110.1, NM030755.1, NM030984.1, NM014350.1, BC001312.1, U14990.1, D83043.1, AI888672, BC002387.1, M60334.1, AF161522.1, BG256677, M26880.1, U17496.1, AF141347.1, L01639.1, NM005445.1, AB030655.1, AF165520.1, AF009670.1, AF020314.1, BC001606.1, BC005352.1, AF281030.1, BC001052.1, L32610.1, M23612.1, AF109683.1, BC002841.1, D29640.1, L25259.1, M60333.1, U13698.1, U90940.1, M90685.1, M90684.1, M90686.1, L22453.1, U01351.1, U62824.1, L07950.1, AF348491.1, NM003079.1, BE646386, AI972475, AA95999, AL049397.1, BE895685, M82882.1, AB020633.1, AL031781, AW148801, AB011118.1, AU145005, N80918, BF439472, BE968801, AI985751, AI735692, AA995910, M12679.1, AL133053.1, X03348.1, AC005339, AK024836.1, AC003999, AJ224869, AL022067, AL110158.1, S81916.1, M80469, NM002860.1, NM020198.1, NM016304.1, AA02574, NM024844.1, NM015938.1, NM018200.1, NM025235.1, NM015991.1, NM016090.1, NM024554.1, NM017718.1, NM017923.1, NM030921.1, BC004470.1, AK021413.1, BF444916, BC004819.1, AF247167.1, U39402.1, BC006112.1, BG388615, AB033007.1, BG250721, AK024221.1, BF477658, BG251556, AB033091.1, AK024350.1, NM018440.1, AW500180, BF209337, AI709406, AI806905, AI392933, AI142096, AL137430.1, AV724266, BF589359, AW084125, N20927, AI627666, AV726322, AI697657, BF002625, BF439533, AW026543, AI092770, NM020679.1, AK024855.1, AK000119.1, AW977527, BE671060, AL037450, AI401535, AV683852, BF055144, AA352113, BF056209, and X60592; and    performing statistical analysis on the expression level of said gene as compared to that expressed in normal tissue samples, wherein over-expression of said gene indicates that said individual has stage I conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma.    
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein said biological samples are selected from the group consisting of tissue samples, serum samples, urine samples, saliva samples, blood samples and biopsy samples.  
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein said normal tissue samples are obtained from said individual.  
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein gene expression level is determined at RNA or protein level.  
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein said gene is over-expressed at least 2 fold as compared to that expressed in normal tissue.  
     
     
         16 . A method of detecting stage I conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma, comprising the steps of: 
 obtaining biological samples from an individual;    determining in the biological samples expression level of one or more gene having a GenBank accession number selected from the group consisting of L38487, NM004415.1, NM005327.1, NM003321.1, NM002084.2, AI983043, NM006066.1, NM006384.2, NM001685.1, NM014652.1, NM013410.1, NM016725.1, NM021151.1, NM005951.1, NM005952.1, AL080102.1, BC000931.2, BC005398.1, D87292.1, AU151428, BC000109.1, AF333388.1, NM005953.1, BF217861, AA594937, AW052179, AI884867, BF246115, AW028110, AW242315, AW080549, AW149846, AK024386.1, AL109716.2, AK026411.1, M10943, AW088547, NM018049.1, NM017900.1, NM006548.1, NM025135.1, NM016458.2, NM022128.1, NM015974.1, NM013333.1, AA33341, AF226732.1, AF265439.1, AI743534, AB042647.1, AL522667, BG255416, AF308301.1, BE408081, AL521634, BF203664, BE645551, AW193698, BF540829, W72455, AI457453, BF056892, AI038402, AI051046, AI659456, AW664964, AI631895, AI263078, BF057634, AA746038, AA442776, AI913600, AW771908, AI807887, AW102941, AW024656, and AB002342; and    performing statistical analysis on the expression level of said gene as compared to that expressed in normal tissue samples, wherein down-regulation of said gene indicates that said individual has stage I conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma.    
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein said biological samples are selected from the group consisting of tissue samples, serum samples, urine samples, saliva samples, blood samples and biopsy samples.  
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein said normal tissue samples are obtained from said individual.  
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein gene expression level is determined at RNA or protein level.  
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 16 , wherein said gene is down-regulated at least 2 fold as compared to that expressed in normal tissue.  
     
     
         21 . A method of detecting stage I conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma, comprising the steps of: 
 obtaining biological samples from an individual;    determining expression level of one or more gene in a first gene group comprising genes with GenBank accession numbers NM004356.1, NM002293.2, NM000980.1, AK002091.1, NM005721.2, NM002668.1, NM021038.1, AF070656.1, NM021029.1, NM002945.1, NM002480.1, NM001349.1, NM005496.1, AW163148, NM002356.4, M68956.1, AI589086, NM006762.1, NM014267.1, NM000235.1, NM000176.1, NM005737.2, NM005737.2, BC001051.1, NM006169.1, NM005862.1, AI356412, NM002350.1, BG107456, NM021913.1, NM002194.2, NM019058.1, NM004079.1, NM001784.1, AF151853.1, NM000491.2, BC000125.1, NM004520.1, NM000321.1, NM012262.2, NM000560.1, NM005502.1, AF285167.1, BG170541, NM021642.1, BE967532, NM006526.1, NM000570.1, N26005, NM006153.1, NM001549.1, NM003141.1, NM014705.1, NM005197.1, NM002907.1, U43328.1, NM017925.1, NM006773.2, U20350.1, NM005761.1, NM004834.1, NM021644.1, NM006640.1, NM004180.1, NM002110.1, NM030755.1, NM030984.1, NM014350.1, BC001312.1, U14990.1, D83043.1, AI888672, BC002387.1, M60334.1, AF161522.1, BG256677, M26880.1, U17496.1, AF141347.1, L01639.1, NM005445.1, AB030655.1, AF165520.1, AF009670.1, AF020314.1, BC001606.1, BC005352.1, AF281030.1, BC001052.1, L32610.1, M23612.1, AF109683.1, BC002841.1, D29640.1, L25259.1, M60333.1, U13698.1, U90940.1, M90685.1, M90684.1, M90686.1, L22453.1, U01351.1, U62824.1, L07950.1, AF348491.1, NM003079.1, BE646386, AI972475, AA195999, AL049397.1, BE895685, M82882.1, AB020633.1, AL031781, AW148801, AB011118.1, AU145005, N80918, BF439472, BE968801, AI985751, AI735692, AA995910, M12679.1, AL133053.1, X03348.1, AC005339, AK024836.1, AC003999, AJ224869, AL022067, AL110158.1, S81916.1, M80469, NM002860.1, NM020198.1, NM016304.1, AA102574, NM024844.1, NM015938.1, NM018200.1, NM025235.1, NM015991.1, NM016090.1, NM024554.1, NM017718.1, NM017923.1, NM030921.1, BC004470.1, AK021413.1, BF444916, BC004819.1, AF247167.1, U39402.1, BC006112.1, BG388615, AB033007.1, BG250721, AK024221.1, BF477658, BG251556, AB033091.1, AK024350.1, NM018440.1, AW500180, BF209337, AI709406, AI806905, AI392933, AI142096, AL137430.1, AV724266, BF589359, AW084125, N20927, AI627666, AV726322, AI697657, BF002625, BF439533, AW026543, AI092770, NM020679.1, AK024855.1, AK000119.1, AW977527, BE671060, AL037450, AI401535, AV683852, BF055144, AA352113, BF056209, and X60592;    determining expression level of one or more gene in a second gene group comprising genes with GenBank accession numbers L38487, NM004415.1, NM005327.1, NM003321.1, NM002084.2, AI983043, NM006066.1, NM006384.2, NM001685.1, NM014652.1, NM013410.1, NM016725.1, NM021151.1, NM005951.1, NM005952.1, AL080102.1, BC000931.2, BC005398.1, D87292.1, AU151428, BC000109.1, AF333388.1, NM005953.1, BF217861, AA594937, AW052179, AI884867, BF246115, AW028110, AW242315, AW080549, AW149846, AK024386.1, AL109716.2, AK026411.1, M10943, AW088547, NM018049.1, NM017900.1, NM006548.1, NM025135.1, NM016458.2, NM022128.1, NM015974.1, NM013333.1, AA133341, AF226732.1, AF265439.1, AI743534, AB042647.1, AL522667, BG255416, AF308301.1, BE408081, AL521634, BF203664, BE645551, AW193698, BF540829, W72455, AI457453, BF056892, AI038402, AI051046, AI659456, AW664964, AI631895, AI263078, BF057634, AA746038, AA442776, AI913600, AW771908, AI807887, AW102941, AW024656, and AB002342; and    performing statistical analysis on the expression level of said gene as compared to that expressed in normal tissue samples, wherein over-expression of one or more gene belonging to said first gene group and down-regulation of one or more gene belonging to said second gene group indicates that said individual has stage I conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma.    
     
     
         22 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein said biological samples are selected from the group consisting of tissue samples, serum samples, urine samples, saliva samples, blood samples and biopsy samples.  
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein said normal tissue samples are obtained from said individual.  
     
     
         24 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein gene expression level is determined at RNA or protein level.  
     
     
         25 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein said down-regulation or over-expression is at least 2 fold as compared to that expressed in normal tissue.  
     
     
         26 . A method of detecting stage II conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma, comprising the steps of: 
 obtaining biological samples from an individual;    determining in said samples expression level of a gene having a GenBank accession number selected from the group consisting of NM006096.1, NM006098.1, NM001780.1, NM003118.1, NM000291.1, NM003870.1, AB032261.1, NM002629.1, NM003564.1, NM000310.1, NM003405.1, U82164.1, NM002305.2, NM001096.1, NM002121.1, NM021038.1, NM003651.1, AV685920, NM002654.1, NM001175.1, BC000182.1, NM001153.2, NM001975.1, NM006435.1, NM001387.1, BG398414, NM004039.1, NM005534.1, AL136877.1, NM014876.1, NM024830.1, NM005505.1, NM003025.1, NM013285.1, NM005720.1, AW157070, NM002835.1, NM004428.1, AW006290, NM002053.1, NM000089.1, NM021105.1, NM002467.1, NM001284.1, AI825926, NM014736.1, AF161461.1, NM014873.1, AI005043, NM000416.1, NM004172.1, NM004207.1, AI761561, Y09216.1, NM002922.1, NM005990.1, NM014863.1, NM014737.1, NM000418.1, BC000658.1, NM003751.1, NM002339.1, NM004604.1, NM006404.1, AF275945.1, NM004221.1, NM004556.1, NM004688.1, NM003332.1, NM015136.1, NM006019.1, NM004877.1, NM002317.1, NM025201.1, NM014800.1, L41944.1, NM007268.1, NM006994.2, NM014791.1, NM014882.1, NM003864.1, NM001558.1, NM003264.1, NM014221.1, AV756141, AI123251, NM006433.2, NM000861.2, NM001870.1, NM003586.1, NM004271.1, NM014932.1, NM014947.1, NM000647.2, NM002562.1, NM006058.1, NM013447.1, NM013416.1, NM001776.1, NM020037.1, NM006135.1, NM007036.2, AF034607.1, BC000915.1, AL162068.1, NM006947.1, L12387.1, AF141349.1, AF263293.1, BC000389.1, AF007162.1, D38616.1, AV717590, U87967.1, H23979, AF063591.1, BC005254.1, BC000893.1, L22431.1, AI741056, AF084462.1, U62027.1, M87507.1, J04132.1, M31159.1, AF257318.1, BC001388.1, AF130095.1, AF022375.1, AF091352.1, AB035482.1, Z24727.1, M19267.1, U13700.1, M27281.1, BC005838.1, BC005858.1, BC005926.1, BE513104, AU147399, AK023154.1, AK021757.1, H95344, AB023231.1, AL523076, NM030666.1, AB018289.1, AW043713, BE880591, AU158495, BE965029, AL564683, AA349595, AI809341, AW205215, BE349017, AF070592.1, AI769685, AI935123, BG255188, AI088622, BE222709, AW007573, BG332462, AI862658, AI934469, AB018345.1, W87466, BE908217, NM005615.1, BE300252, BF740152, AV711904, AW072388, AW190316, NM005412.1, NM006417.1, AL008730, L16895, Z21533.1, AA807529, AK026737.1, X14355.1, AK025608.1, AF183421.1, NM002695.1, AF288391.1, NM003730.2, NM016359.1, NM014164.2, NM022736.1, NM021158.1, NM017792.1, NM020142.1, NM016448.1, NM005767.1, NM020169.1, NM022834.1, NM018460.1, NM024629.1, NM018641.1, NM018295.1, NM024576.1, NM016582.1, NM003116.1, NM018454.1, NM018099.1, NM007072.1, NM022445.1, AW173623, AB044088.1, AF043244.1, AF133207.1, AF313468.1, AA191576, AI765383, BC003654.1, W60806, AI335263, AI378406, BC005400.1, AI761520, BC000771.1, BC000190.1, BC002776.1, AF132203.1, BC006107.1, AK024263.1, AK024846.1, BE878463, AW304786, AK022955.1, BF001267, AL558987, AA577672, BE620734, AI937446, H99792, BE966748, AI659418, AI990891, AA827892, AL135264, AI375753, AA573502, BG387557, AA554833, AK026764.1, AU146532, BE348597, AL577758, AI133452, AU157224, AI742057, BE500942, N25631, AU145366, AW270037, BF526978, AW182575, BF339831, AI056992, BE222668, BG165011, AI188445, BE551416, AI972498, AW662189, AA142842, BF939473, AI681260, AA551090, AA045175, WO5495, AI093231, AI565054, AL553774, AK023470.1, AL157377, AL139109, AK025631.1, AI873425, AI769269, AI935334, BF437747, AW300953, H37811, AA603344, AA742310, AI248208, AI962367, BF541967, AI686890, AI936034, U88964, AJ243797, D29642, D87433, and AI129310; and    performing statistical analysis on the expression level of said gene as compared to that expressed in normal tissue samples, wherein over-expression of said gene indicates that said individual has stage II conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma.    
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 26 , wherein said biological samples are selected from the group consisting of tissue samples, serum samples, urine samples, saliva samples, blood samples and biopsy samples.  
     
     
         28 . The method of  claim 26 , wherein said normal tissue samples are obtained from said individual.  
     
     
         29 . The method of  claim 26 , wherein gene expression level is determined at RNA or protein level.  
     
     
         30 . The method of  claim 26 , wherein said gene is over-expressed at least 2 fold as compared to that expressed in normal tissue.  
     
     
         31 . A method of detecting stage II conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma, comprising the steps of: 
 obtaining biological samples from an individual;    determining in said samples expression level of a gene having a GenBank accession number selected from the group consisting of NM012248.1, NM002300.1, BC000306.1, NM001640.2, NM005875.1, NM003365.1, BF031714, NM005808.1, AF113129.1, NM002402.1, NM006844.1, NM004636.1, NM002496.1, NM006556.1, NM004255.1, NM002225.2, NM004524.1, AI950380, AB020707.1, NM000481.1, NM012317.1, NM006456.1, NM006614.1, NM015393.1, AV729634, NM002628.1, NM003500.1, NM002655.1, NM004393.1, NM003026.1, NM002010.1, NM014033.1, NM004868.1, BC000649.1, S69189.1, AF153330.1, AF094518.1, M55575.1, AB019695.1, M61900.1, BF967998, BF967998, AL526243, NM000532.1, BE042354, AI587323, AW195882, H71135, AV659180, AK027006.1, AV693216, BG398937, NM002489.1, NM003849.1, NM014019.1, NM024952.1, NM014185.1, NM018013.1, NM018373.1, NM014067.2, NM013261.1, NM021963.1, NM018658.1, NM014553.1, AF112204.1, AU145941, AF061264.1, BF941492, AI984229, N71923, BC005050.1, AF172327.1, AF356515.1, BE620739, BF435123, AW149498, BE044480, BF382393, AV751731, U55984, BF059512, AK025934.1, AL036088, BE964222, AW290940, AL545998, AW274874, AI709389, BF224092, AU145805, AW079843, AW138815, AW242286, AW025023, BE672659, AW024437, AW195353, BE044193, AI493303, AI636080, BF509031, AW242920, BF002046, BF130943, AW452631, AI1792937, AI810572, BG165743, AW466989, R48991, BF029215, D21851, and Z83838; and    performing statistical analysis on the expression level of said gene as compared to that expressed in normal tissue samples, wherein down-regulation of said gene indicates that said individual has stage II conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma.    
     
     
         32 . The method of  claim 31 , wherein said biological samples are selected from the group consisting of tissue samples, serum samples, urine samples, saliva samples, blood samples and biopsy samples.  
     
     
         33 . The method of  claim 31 , wherein said normal tissue samples are obtained from said individual.  
     
     
         34 . The method of  claim 31 , wherein gene expression level is determined at RNA or protein level.  
     
     
         35 . The method of  claim 31 , wherein said gene is down-regulated at least 2 fold as compared to that expressed in normal tissue.  
     
     
         36 . A method of detecting stage II conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma, comprising the steps of: 
 obtaining biological samples from an individual;    determining expression level of one or more gene in a first gene group comprising genes with GenBank accession numbers NM006096.1, NM006098.1, NM001780.1, NM003118.1, NM000291.1, NM003870.1, AB032261.1, NM002629.1, NM003564.1, NM000310.1, NM003405.1, U82164.1, NM002305.2, NM001096.1, NM002121.1, NM021038.1, NM003651.1, AV685920, NM002654.1, NM001175.1, BC000182.1, NM001153.2, NM001975.1, NM006435.1, NM001387.1, BG398414, NM004039.1, NM005534.1, AL136877.1, NM014876.1, NM024830.1, NM005505.1, NM003025.1, NM013285.1, NM005720.1, AW157070, NM002835.1, NM004428.1, AW006290, NM002053.1, NM000089.1, NM021105.1, NM002467.1, NM001284.1, AI825926, NM014736.1, AF161461.1, NM014873.1, AI005043, NM000416.1, NM004172.1, NM004207.1, AI761561, Y09216.1, NM002922.1, NM005990.1, NM014863.1, NM014737.1, NM000418.1, BC000658.1, NM003751.1, NM002339.1, NM004604.1, NM006404.1, AF275945.1, NM004221.1, NM004556.1, NM004688.1, NM003332.1, NM015136.1, NM006019.1, NM004877.1, NM002317.1, NM025201.1, NM014800.1, L41944.1, NM007268.1, NM006994.2, NM014791.1, NM014882.1, NM003864.1, NM001558.1, NM003264.1, NM014221.1, AV756141, AI123251, NM006433.2, NM000861.2, NM001870.1, NM003586.1, NM004271.1, NM014932.1, NM014947.1, NM000647.2, NM002562.1, NM006058.1, NM013447.1, NM013416.1, NM001776.1, NM020037.1, NM006135.1, NM007036.2, AF034607.1, BC000915.1, AL162068.1, NM006947.1, L12387.1, AF141349.1, AF263293.1, BC000389.1, AF007162.1, D38616.1, AV717590, U87967.1, H23979, AF063591.1, BC005254.1, BC000893.1, L22431.1, AI741056, AF084462.1, U62027.1, M87507.1, J04132.1, M31159.1, AF257318.1, BC001388.1, AF130095.1, AF022375.1, AF091352.1, AB035482.1, Z24727.1, M19267.1, U13700.1, M27281.1, BC005838.1, BC005858.1, BC005926.1, BE513104, AU147399, AK023154.1, AK021757.1, H95344, AB023231.1, AL523076, NM030666.1, AB018289.1, AW043713, BE880591, AU158495, BE965029, AL564683, AA349595, AI809341, AW205215, BE349017, AF070592.1, AI769685, AI935123, BG255188, AI088622, BE222709, AW007573, BG332462, AI862658, AI934469, AB018345.1, W87466, BE908217, NM005615.1, BE300252, BF740152, AV711904, AW072388, AW190316, NM005412.1, NM006417.1, AL008730, L16895, Z21533.1, AA807529, AK026737.1, X14355.1, AK025608.1, AF183421.1, NM002695.1, AF288391.1, NM003730.2, NM016359.1, NM014164.2, NM022736.1, NM021158.1, NM017792.1, NM020142.1, NM016448.1, NM005767.1, NM020169.1, NM022834.1, NM018460.1, NM024629.1, NM018641.1, NM018295.1, NM024576.1, NM016582.1, NM003116.1, NM018454.1, NM018099.1, NM007072.1, NM022445.1, AW173623, AB044088.1, AF043244.1, AF133207.1, AF313468.1, AA191576, AI765383, BC003654.1, W60806, AI335263, AI378406, BC005400.1, AI761520, BC000771.1, BC000190.1, BC002776.1, AF132203.1, BC006107.1, AK024263.1, AK024846.1, BE878463, AW304786, AK022955.1, BF001267, AL558987, AA577672, BE620734, AI937446, H99792, BE966748, AI659418, AI990891, AA827892, AL135264, AI375753, AA573502, BG387557, AA554833, AK026764.1, AU146532, BE348597, AL577758, AI133452, AU157224, AI742057, BE500942, N25631, AU145366, AW270037, BF526978, AW182575, BF339831, AI056992, BE222668, BG165011, AI188445, BE551416, AI972498, AW662189, AA142842, BF939473, AI681260, AA551090, AA045175, WO5495, AI093231, AI565054, AL553774, AK023470.1, AL157377, AL139109, AK025631.1, AI873425, AI769269, AI935334, BF437747, AW300953, H37811, AA603344, AA742310, AI248208, AI962367, BF541967, AI686890, AI936034, U88964, AJ243797, D29642, D87433, and AI129310;    determining expression level of one or more gene in a second gene group comprising genes with GenBank accession numbers NM012248.1, NM002300.1, BC000306.1, NM001640.2, NM005875.1, NM003365.1, BF031714, NM005808.1, AF113129.1, NM002402.1, NM006844.1, NM004636.1, NM002496.1, NM006556.1, NM004255.1, NM002225.2, NM004524.1, AI950380, AB020707.1, NM000481.1, NM012317.1, NM006456.1, NM006614.1, NM015393.1, AV729634, NM002628.1, NM003500.1, NM002655.1, NM004393.1, NM003026.1, NM002010.1, NM014033.1, NM004868.1, BC000649.1, S69189.1, AF153330.1, AF094518.1, M55575.1, AB019695.1, M61900.1, BF967998, BF967998, AL526243, NM000532.1, BE042354, AI587323, AW195882, H71135, AV659180, AK027006.1, AV693216, BG398937, NM002489.1, NM003849.1, NM014019.1, NM024952.1, NM014185.1, NM018013.1, NM018373.1, NM014067.2, NM013261.1, NM021963.1, NM018658.1, NM014553.1, AF112204.1, AU145941, AF061264.1, BF941492, AI984229, N71923, BC005050.1, AF172327.1, AF356515.1, BE620739, BF435123, AW149498, BE044480, BF382393, AV751731, U55984, BF059512, AK025934.1, AL036088, BE964222, AW290940, AL545998, AW274874, AI709389, BF224092, AU145805, AW079843, AW138815, AW242286, AW025023, BE672659, AW024437, AW195353, BE044193, AI493303, AI636080, BF509031, AW242920, BF002046, BF130943, AW452631, AI792937, AI810572, BG165743, AW466989, R48991, BF029215, D21851, and Z83838; and    performing statistical analysis on the expression level of said gene as compared to that expressed in normal tissue samples, wherein over-expression of one or more gene belonging to said first gene group and down-regulation of one or more gene belonging to said second gene group indicates that said individual has stage II conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma.    
     
     
         37 . The method of  claim 36 , wherein said biological samples are selected from the group consisting of tissue samples, serum samples, urine samples, saliva samples, blood samples and biopsy samples.  
     
     
         38 . The method of  claim 36 , wherein said normal tissue samples are obtained from said individual.  
     
     
         39 . The method of  claim 36 , wherein gene expression level is determined at RNA or protein level.  
     
     
         40 . The method of  claim 36 , wherein said down-regulation or over-expression is at least 2 fold as compared to that expressed in normal tissue.  
     
     
         41 . A method of detecting stage I or stage II conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma, comprising the steps of: 
 obtaining biological samples from an individual;    determining in said samples the expression level of one or more gene having a GenBank accession number selected from the group consisting of NM005566.1, NM000291.1, NM001219.2, NM002966.1, NM000034.1, NM002627.1, NM006082.1, AI922599, NM020474.2, NM006406.1, NM015344.1, NM014755.1, AI796269, NM005783.1, BF197655, NM001233.1, NM002845.1, NM014302.1, U47924, NM004106.1, NM015474.1, NM004915.2, NM002432.1, NM005565.2, NM005531.1, NM005849.1, NM002189.1, NM004353.1, NM014812.1, AF208043.1, BC002654.1, BC006379.1, BC006481.1, AF000426.1, AF000424.1, BG500301, AL516350, M27487.1, M27487.1, AW517686, AL581768, AA524505, Z78330, Z78330, BG532690, AW005535, NM007161.1, AK026577.1, AI091079, AV713720, NM021103.1, NM016337.1, NM013260.1, NM021199.1, NM018149.1, NM016951.2, NM017760.1, NM022349.1, NM023003.1, NM016184.1, NM031284.1, BC002342.1, AA775177, AL162070.1, AF253977.1, AF237908.1, WO3103, AK022888.1, AI141784, AB033038.1, AI184968, AL161725, NM018440.1, AL553942, AI394438, T64884, T64884, AW511319, AI640834, AI655467, AL161725, and T92908; and    performing statistical analysis on the expression level of said gene as compared to that expressed in normal tissue samples, wherein up-regulation of said gene indicates that said individual has stage I or stage II conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma.    
     
     
         42 . The method of  claim 41 , wherein said biological samples are selected from the group consisting of tissue samples, serum samples, urine samples, saliva samples, blood samples and biopsy samples.  
     
     
         43 . The method of  claim 41 , wherein said normal tissue samples are obtained from said individual.  
     
     
         44 . The method of  claim 41 , wherein gene expression level is determined at RNA or protein level.  
     
     
         45 . The method of  claim 41 , wherein said gene is up-regulated at least 2 fold as compared to that expressed in normal tissue.  
     
     
         46 . A method of detecting stage I or stage II conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma, comprising the steps of: 
 obtaining biological samples from an individual;    determining in said samples the expression level of one or more gene having a GenBank accession number selected from the group consisting of NM004092.2, NM000270.1, NM002354.1, AF017987.1, NM003012.2, NM000666.1, NM000191.1, NM015254.1, NM000140.1, U75667.1, NM000196.1, NM014636.1, NM001441.1, NM005978.2, NM001678.1, NM001099.2, NM014731.1, BF343007, NM000035.1, NM005950.1, NM002371.2, NM006984.1, NM002567.1, NM000019.1, NM001692.1, X77737.1, NM006226.1, NM000893.1, NM000412.2, NM001963.2, NM003361.1, NM000050.1, NM001438.1, BC002449.1, J02639.1, BC002571.1, U03884.1, AF173154.1, AF130103.1, AL117618.1, AF063606.1, BC005314.1, BF686267, AI742553, D83782.1, AB029031.1, AK025432.1, AL117643.1, AW772192, NM003944.1, AL049977.1, AK023937.1, AK025084.1, X03363.1, AK026411.1, NM016026.1, NM016286.1, NM019027.1, BG338251, NM006113.2, NM018075.1, NM013271.1, NM017586.1, NM016321.1, NM025247.1, NM020632.1, AI632015, NM000701.1, NM031305.1, AF130089.1, AK025651.1, W45551, W67995, AL136566.1, AF105366.1, AF284225.1, AA191708, AL355708.1, BE783949, AL529672, AL568674, AU147564, AK000208.1, AB051536.1, AI569747, AK025562.1, AI660243, N50413, AI347918, AL536553, BC000282.1, BF106962, AI051248, AI928242, BG236006, AI653107, AI824037, R61322, AW071744, BF059276, AI379517, AA058832, AW274034, AI580268, AI761947, AI793201, AK025898.1, AB046810.1, AK024204.1, BF594722, R88990, N73742, AI697028, BF590528, AI733359, H20179, AA991551, AI758950, AA911561, AI769774, AA669135, AW136060, AI733593, BF739841, AA600175, BF477980, AI934557, BE326951, AI632567, BE300882, BE855713, AA485440, AA915989, and AA085764; and    performing statistical analysis on the expression level of said gene as compared to that expressed in normal tissue samples, wherein down-regulation of said gene indicates that said individual has stage I or stage II conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma.    
     
     
         47 . The method of  claim 46 , wherein said biological samples are selected from the group consisting of tissue samples, serum samples, urine samples, saliva samples, blood samples and biopsy samples.  
     
     
         48 . The method of  claim 46 , wherein said normal tissue samples are obtained from said individual.  
     
     
         49 . The method of  claim 46 , wherein gene expression level is determined at RNA or protein level.  
     
     
         50 . The method of  claim 46 , wherein said gene is down-regulated at least 2 fold as compared to that expressed in normal tissue.  
     
     
         51 . A method of targeting conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma cells, comprising the step of generating antibodies or small molecules directed against a cell surface molecule encoded by a gene over-expressed in conventional renal cell carcinoma cells.  
     
     
         52 . The method of  claim 51 , wherein said antibodies or small molecules are linked with a therapeutic drug or an imaging agent.  
     
     
         53 . The method of  claim 51 , wherein said over-expressed gene encodes a protein selected from the group consisting of calcitonin receptor-like (206331_at; 210815_s_at), receptor (calcitonin) activity modifying protein 2 (RAMP2; 205779_at), endothelin receptor type B (206701_x_at), beta 2 integrin (202803_s_at), alpha 5 integrin (201389_at), chemokine X cytokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), fibronectin, neuropilin 1 (212298_at; 210510_s_at), CD24, CD14, Cd163, CD53, Compliment Component 1-beta, Compliment Component 1-alpha, Compliment Component 1-gamma, CDH4, integrin beta2, ADAM28, FK506 binding protein, collagen Valpha2, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5, tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily member 13b, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 12A, and the FGF receptor.  
     
     
         54 . A method of treating conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma, comprising the step of replacing in said carcinoma tumor suppressor gene whose expression is down-regulated in conventional renal cell carcinoma, or inducing the expression of said tumor suppressor gene in said carcinoma.  
     
     
         55 . The method of  claim 54 , wherein said down-regulated gene encodes a protein selected from the group consisting of CDKN1, secreted frizzled related protein 1, semaphoring 6D, semaphoring 3B, CDH16, TNF alpha, calbindin D28, defensin beta1, beta-catenin interacting protein 1, GAS 1, vitamin D receptor, and Kruppel-like factor 15.  
     
     
         56 . A method of detecting stage I papillary renal cell carcinoma, comprising the steps of: 
 obtaining biological samples from an individual;    determining in the biological samples expression level of one or more gene having a GenBank accession number selected from the group consisting of NM — 003505, AL035683, R56118, NM — 014575, AI694320, BC031322, BF346665, BC004283, AF302786, AU121975, NM — 016315, AL541302, BG391217, AC004382, NM — 000248, NM — 022154, AI436813, AF007162, NM — 015392, AL136585, AB040120, NM — 138473, AU144387, NM — 022763, AI093231, NM — 000235, NM — 000700, N30188, NM — 003651, AI830227, U20350, NM — 005692, U34074, AB056106, AU151483, BC026260, AL133001, NM — 003358, NM — 001282, AF322067, NM — 001540, N58363, AF072872, BF247552, X69397, BC000251, BF691447, AB046817, AF255647, BF344237, AW242720, AA115485, NM — 006588, NM — 000546, N92494, W74580, AF131749, AW026491, NM — 012410, NM — 002800, BF512748, AA404269, M33376, AF035321, NM — 002862, AF132000, L07950, AF114011, BF674052, AI922599, AF044773, NM 015925, NM — 001684, AI123348, AI817079, NM — 004385, NM — 024801, BF218922, BF590263, NM — 001233, AB020690, AW188198, NM — 007115, AI742838, AW117264, AF016266, NM — 013952, AA771779, W72333, H23979, BG542521, AF063591, BF247383, NM — 005114, BE466145, BC005352, AC002045, BC040558, U13699, NM — 002718, BF476502, BC034275, AF279145, AV724216, BG165613, NM — 018205, NM — 022083, NM — 006169, AF141347, NM — 000064, AV710838, AI417917, AI681260, NM — 000389, AF288391, NM — 002627, NM — 001975, NM — 030786, NM — 006169, AI417917, NM — 006868, L03203, NM — 001304, NM — 006762, NM — 000211, AA995910, NM — 018965, AL353715, BC019612, AF086074, NM — 005045, AI935123, AL550875, L27624, AL574096, AA005141, D86983, AW439242, AB000221, NM — 002121, U17496, U05598, BF342851, BF311866, NM — 001449, AA954994, Y13710, BG170541, AB037813, D28124, NM — 021103, AI949772, AF199015, AI873273, NM — 017821, BF740152, AA954994, AI458735, NM — 003254, AI688631, AK026037, BG327863, NM — 016008, AI394438, AA947051, AI819043, AI378044, NM — 024576, M76477, NM — 002214, AI879381, NM — 000152, H15129, L42024, NM — 002178, AI761561, AA722799, NM — 003255, NM — 000107, AV699565, and NM — 000861; and    performing statistical analysis on the expression level of said gene as compared to that expressed in normal tissue samples, wherein over-expression of said gene indicates that said individual has stage I papillary renal cell carcinoma.    
     
     
         57 . The method of  claim 56 , wherein said biological samples are selected from the group consisting of tissue samples, serum samples, urine samples, saliva samples, blood samples and biopsy samples.  
     
     
         58 . The method of  claim 56 , wherein said normal tissue samples are obtained from said individual.  
     
     
         59 . The method of  claim 56 , wherein gene expression level is determined at RNA or protein level.  
     
     
         60 . The method of  claim 56 , wherein said gene is over-expressed at least 2 fold as compared to that expressed in normal tissue.  
     
     
         61 . A method of detecting stage I papillary renal cell carcinoma, comprising the steps of: 
 obtaining biological samples from an individual;    determining in the biological samples expression level of one or more gene having a GenBank accession number selected from the group consisting of AF232217, AI823572, AU154994, AW979271, AF064103, AI524125, AI733474, AI767756, NM — 000412, NM — 021614, M13149, H17038, NM — 002010, NM — 003877, AI768894, AW772192, AF094518, T40942, NM — 001146, AI242023, BF970431, NM — 005670, AW071744, AI928242, AI769774, AW274034, AI635774, AW007532, NM — 004070, NM — 014621, AI733593, NM — 020632, AI697028, AA897516, NM — 024307, J02639, NM — 000085, AA058832, BF059276, BC043647, AL161958, AL121845, AY079172, AA928708, H71135, NM — 000102, Z92546, AL558479, BC005314, NM — 173591, BF510426, AF331844, X77737, NM — 004392, BC001077, AA218868, BF478120, BC041158, AI623321, AI796189, NM — 021161, NM — 000163, AL136880, NM — 024426, M61900, AW963951, AW340588, AI263078, BF130943, AI732596, AA603467, R41565, AI951185, NM — 004633, NM — 003289, BF512388, BC005830, NM — 000362, NM — 001438, AU146204, AA775681, AI393205, AF017987, NM 005951, NM — 005950, NM — 021805, AA557324, BF528646, AW340112, R73554, AI826437, AV720650, AA780067, NM — 000640, AI806338, NM — 003155, AA931562, AI694325, AF205940, NM — 001290, NM — 016242, AW014927, AI758950, AK024256, BF726212, AI985987, AW242408, NM — 000860, BF447963, BF941499, AW242409, BF509031, NM — 000934, BF248364, AL534095, NM — 004929, AI222435, NM — 005397, AI090268, AI300520, NM — 002609, NM — 006984, BG413612, D64137, AK026344, AI670852, AI693153, NM — 001393, N93191, BC005090, NM — 000717, D38300, AI650260, BC024226, BC006294, NM — 003039, AI675836, NM — 005276, NM — 014298, M10943, NM — 005952, NM — 002450, NM — 002910, BF246115, AF078844, AF170911, AF333388, NM — 003500, AA995925, NM — 001218, BF432333, NM — 001385, NM — 003052, NM — 000778, AL136551, NM — 000792, NM — 016725, NM — 019101, NM — 014270, AF124373, NM — 016327, NM — 024734, NM — 016527, NM — 003645, AB051536, NM — 025149, BC005939, BC006236, NM — 024609, NM — 002591, NM — 005410, AB020630, AF022375, NM — 016246, AA873542, U95090, D26054, AI732994, NM — 000151, AK025651, AF161441, AF161454, NM — 022129, AI733515, NM — 001443, AI433463, AL049313, BF195998, NM — 022829, NM — 000035, NM — 007287, NM — 003399, NM — 000196, BF431313, NM — 004844, NM — 003206, AI311917, AA843963, NM — 017753, NM — 006633, NM — 001133, T90064, BF696216, NM — 004413, Z98443, NM — 018456, AW771563, NM — 014495, AI074145, NM — 000896, NM — 001072, AI631993, NM — 000277, M74220, AL574184, NM — 000161, H57166, NM — 000597, NM — 000790, NM — 004668, NM — 021027, AF348078, NM — 016347, AF338650, BE221817, NM — 004476, NM — 004615, NM — 023940, AI742872, BC001196, AW195353, NM — 003122, NM — 144707, AI653981, AI796169, M96789, N74607, NM — 014059, AI572079, AI056877, NM — 006206, AW771314, NM — 016955, AI569804, NM — 001584, BG261252, NM — 006226, NM — 001172, AL050264, BC003070, AL120332, NM — 000459, AW242836, AI926697, NM — 000486, AI870306, AW264204, BF431989, AI459140, NM — 001864, AI471866, AI935789, NM — 002472, BC020873, NM — 000550, AA806965, NM — 020163, NM — 004490, AA788946, AW242315, AI735586, R88990, NM — 003278, NM — 007180, AW173045, U28049, NM — 001395, NM — 000336, U43604, BC029135, NM — 005414, BQ894022, NM — 013335, NM — 003221, BF057634, AA523172, AF319520, NM — 002885, NM — 003361, NM — 000142, NM — 000893, BC029135, NM — 147174, NM — 000218, U03884, X83858, BF439270, AA911235, NM 000955, NM — 022844, BC042069, NM — 005518, NM — 001963, AI632015, AF339805, BF106962, NM — 005019, AU146305, AI653107, NM — 004466, BF195936, NM — 022454, AW299531, AL137716, AI332407, AL565812, AI452457, AI281593, M21692, AI660243, AI754423, AA759244, U75667, NM — 000930, AF083105, NM — 013231, B1825302, NM — 003012, AF138300, AU155612, BG435302, NM — 005978, NM — 000900, AK026748, J03208, NM — 002345, NM — 006623, AF063606, NM — 001647, AI935541, NM — 005558, AW138125, NM — 000663, AU119437, BC036095, R49295, AI623202, AW452355, AA563621, X15217, AK095719, AI056187, AI668598, AI700882, NM — 000963, AW051712, AL832099, AK057337, AW300204, NM — 005856, AI458003, AK026877, AI632567, U91903, AF352728, BM128432, NM — 003102, BE676272, AI692180, AL544576, NM — 017688, AU146310, AI912976, U83508, L47125; and    performing statistical analysis on the expression level of said gene as compared to that expressed in normal tissue samples, wherein down-regulation of said gene indicates that said individual has stage I conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma.    
     
     
         62 . The method of  claim 61 , wherein said biological samples are selected from the group consisting of tissue samples, serum samples, urine samples, saliva samples, blood samples and biopsy samples.  
     
     
         63 . The method of  claim 61 , wherein said normal tissue samples are obtained from said individual.  
     
     
         64 . The method of  claim 61 , wherein gene expression level is determined at RNA or protein level.  
     
     
         65 . The method of  claim 61 , wherein said gene is down-regulated at least 2 fold as compared to that expressed in normal tissue.  
     
     
         66 . A method of detecting stage I papillary renal cell carcinoma, comprising the steps of: 
 obtaining biological samples from an individual;    determining expression level of one or more gene in a first gene group comprising genes with GenBank accession numbers NM — 003505, AL035683, R56118, NM — 014575, AI694320, BC031322, BF346665, BC004283, AF302786, AU121975, NM — 016315, AL541302, BG391217, AC004382, NM — 000248, NM — 022154, AI436813, AF007162, NM — 015392, AL136585, AB040120, NM — 138473, AU144387, NM — 022763, AI093231, NM — 000235, NM — 000700, N30188, NM — 003651, AI830227, U20350, NM — 005692, U34074, AB056106, AU151483, BC026260, AL133001, NM — 003358, NM — 001282, AF322067, NM — 001540, N58363, AF072872, BF247552, X69397, BC000251, BF691447, AB046817, AF255647, BF344237, AW242720, AA115485, NM — 006588, NM — 000546, N92494, W74580, AF131749, AW026491, NM — 012410, NM — 002800, BF512748, AA404269, M33376, AF035321, NM — 002862, AF132000, L07950, AF114011, BF674052, AI922599, AF044773, NM — 015925, NM — 001684, AI123348, AI817079, NM — 004385, NM — 024801, BF218922, BF590263, NM — 001233, AB020690, AW188198, NM — 007115, AI742838, AW117264, AF016266, NM — 013952, AA771779, W72333, H23979, BG542521, AF063591, BF247383, NM — 005114, BE466145, BC005352, AC002045, BC040558, U13699, NM — 002718, BF476502, BC034275, AF279145, AV724216, BG165613, NM 018205, NM — 022083, NM — 006169, AF141347, NM — 000064, AV710838, AI417917, AI681260, NM — 000389, AF288391, NM — 002627, NM — 001975, NM — 030786, NM — 006169, AI417917, NM — 006868, L03203, NM — 001304, NM — 006762, NM — 000211, AA995910, NM — 018965, AL353715, BC019612, AF086074, NM — 005045, AI935123, AL550875, L27624, AL574096, AA005141, D86983, AW439242, AB000221, NM — 002121, U17496, U05598, BF342851, BF311866, NM — 001449, AA954994, Y13710, BG170541, AB037813, D28124, NM — 021103, AI949772, AF199015, AI873273, NM — 017821, BF740152, AA954994, AI458735, NM — 003254, AI688631, AK026037, BG327863, NM — 016008, AI394438, AA947051, AI819043, AI378044, NM — 024576, M76477, NM — 002214, AI879381, NM — 000152, H15129, L42024, NM — 002178, AI761561, AA722799, NM — 003255, NM — 000107, AV699565, and NM — 000861;    determining expression level of one or more gene in a second gene group comprising genes with GenBank accession numbers AF232217, AI823572, AU154994, AW979271, AF064103, AI524125, AI733474, AI767756, NM — 000412, NM — 021614, M13149, H17038, NM — 002010, NM — 003877, AI768894, AW772192, AF094518, T40942, NM — 001146, AI242023, BF970431, NM — 005670, AW071744, AI928242, AI769774, AW274034, AI635774, AW007532, NM — 004070, NM — 014621, AI733593, NM — 020632, AI697028, AA897516, NM — 024307, J02639, NM — 000085, AA058832, BF059276, BC043647, AL161958, AL121845, AY079172, AA928708, H71135, NM — 000102, Z92546, AL558479, BC005314, NM — 173591, BF510426, AF331844, X77737, NM — 004392, BC001077, AA218868, BF478120, BC041158, AI623321, AI796189, NM — 021161, NM — 000163, AL136880, NM — 024426, M61900, AW963951, AW340588, AI263078, BF130943, AI732596, AA603467, R41565, AI951185, NM — 004633, NM — 003289, BF512388, BC005830, NM — 000362, NM — 001438, AU146204, AA775681, AI393205, AF017987, NM — 005951, NM — 005950, NM — 021805, AA557324, BF528646, AW340112, R73554, AI826437, AV720650, AA780067, NM — 000640, AI806338, NM — 003155, AA931562, AI694325, AF205940, NM — 001290, NM — 016242, AW014927, AI758950, AK024256, BF726212, AI985987, AW242408, NM — 000860, BF447963, BF941499, AW242409, BF509031, NM — 000934, BF248364, AL534095, NM — 004929, AI222435, NM — 005397, AI090268, AI300520, NM — 002609, NM — 006984, BG413612, D64137, AK026344, AI670852, AI693153, NM — 001393, N93191, BC005090, NM — 000717, D38300, AI650260, BC024226, BC006294, NM — 003039, AI675836, NM — 005276, NM — 014298, M10943, NM — 005952, NM — 002450, NM — 002910, BF246115, AF078844, AF170911, AF333388, NM — 003500, AA995925, NM — 001218, BF432333, NM — 001385, NM — 003052, NM — 000778, AL136551, NM — 000792, NM — 016725, NM — 019101, NM — 014270, AF124373, NM — 016327, NM — 024734, NM — 016527, NM — 003645, AB051536, NM — 025149, BC005939, BC006236, NM — 024609, NM — 002591, NM — 005410, AB020630, AF022375, NM — 016246, AA873542, U95090, D26054, AI732994, NM — 000151, AK025651, AF161441, AF161454, NM — 022129, AI733515, NM — 001443, AI433463, AL049313, BF195998, NM — 022829, NM — 000035, NM — 007287, NM — 003399, NM — 000196, BF431313, NM — 004844, NM — 003206, AI311917, AA843963, NM — 017753, NM — 006633, NM — 001133, T90064, BF696216, NM — 004413, Z98443, NM — 018456, AW771563, NM — 014495, AI074145, NM — 000896, NM — 001072, AI631993, NM — 000277, M74220, AL574184, NM — 000161, H57166, NM — 000597, NM — 000790, NM — 004668, NM — 021027, AF348078, NM — 016347, AF338650, BE221817, NM — 004476, NM — 004615, NM — 023940, AI742872, BC001196, AW195353, NM — 003122, NM — 144707, AI653981, AI796169, M96789, N74607, NM — 014059, AI572079, AI056877, NM — 006206, AW771314, NM — 016955, AI569804, NM — 001584, BG261252, NM — 006226, NM — 001172, AL050264, BC003070, AL120332, NM — 000459, AW242836, AI926697, NM — 000486, AI870306, AW264204, BF431989, AI459140, NM — 001864, AI471866, AI935789, NM — 002472, BC020873, NM — 000550, AA806965, NM — 020163, NM — 004490, AA788946, AW242315, AI735586, R88990, NM — 003278, NM — 007180, AW173045, U28049, NM — 001395, NM — 000336, U43604, BC029135, NM — 005414, BQ894022, NM — 013335, NM — 003221, BF057634, AA523172, AF319520, NM — 002885, NM — 003361, NM — 000142, NM — 000893, BC029135, NM — 147174, NM — 000218, U03884, X83858, BF439270, AA911235, NM — 000955, NM — 022844, BC042069, NM — 005518, NM 001963, AI632015, AF339805, BF106962, NM — 005019, AU146305, AI653107, NM — 004466, BF195936, NM — 022454, AW299531, AL137716, AI332407, AL565812, AI452457, AI281593, M21692, AI660243, AI754423, AA759244, U75667, NM — 000930, AF083105, NM — 013231, B1825302, NM — 003012, AF138300, AU155612, BG435302, NM — 005978, NM — 000900, AK026748, J03208, NM — 002345, NM — 006623, AF063606, NM — 001647, AI935541, NM — 005558, AW138125, NM — 000663, AU119437, BC036095, R49295, AI623202, AW452355, AA563621, X15217, AK095719, AI056187, AI668598, AI700882, NM — 000963, AW051712, AL832099, AK057337, AW300204, NM 005856, AI458003, AK026877, AI632567, U91903, AF352728, BM128432, NM — 003102, BE676272, AI692180, AL544576, NM — 017688, AU146310, AI912976, U83508, L47125; and    performing statistical analysis on the expression level of said gene as compared to that expressed in normal tissue samples, wherein over-expression of one or more gene belonging to said first gene group and down-regulation of one or more gene belonging to said second gene group indicates that said individual has stage I conventional or clear cell renal cell carcinoma.    
     
     
         67 . The method of  claim 66 , wherein said biological samples are selected from the group consisting of tissue samples, serum samples, urine samples, saliva samples, blood samples and biopsy samples.  
     
     
         68 . The method of  claim 66 , wherein said normal tissue samples are obtained from said individual.  
     
     
         69 . The method of  claim 66 , wherein gene expression level is determined at RNA or protein level.  
     
     
         70 . The method of  claim 66 , wherein said down-regulation or over-expression is at least 2 fold as compared to that expressed in normal tissue.  
     
     
         71 . A method of detecting benign oncocytoma, comprising the steps of: 
 obtaining biological samples from an individual;    determining in the biological samples expression level of one or more gene having a GenBank accession number selected from the group consisting of NM — 005114, AA650558, BF062244, NM — 030674, NM — 014766, BC002471, AF183421, AK022100, BF508244, BG772511, AB037848, AK055769, T58048, NM — 012105, AA992805, AK026420, NM — 024812, AI057226, AW138767, NM — 013233, AF178532, AI521166, AA005023, AV725364, AW195581, BG503479, BF031829, AW975728, NM — 022495, AA703159, BF247552, NM — 001673, NM — 024622, AI565054, AW058459, NM — 001233, BC036550, BE464483, NM — 002512; and    performing statistical analysis on the expression level of said gene as compared to that expressed in normal tissue samples, wherein over-expression of said gene indicates that said individual has benign oncocytoma.    
     
     
         72 . The method of  claim 71 , wherein said biological samples are selected from the group consisting of tissue samples, serum samples, urine samples, saliva samples, blood samples and biopsy samples.  
     
     
         73 . The method of  claim 71 , wherein said normal tissue samples are obtained from said individual.  
     
     
         74 . The method of  claim 71 , wherein gene expression level is determined at RNA or protein level.  
     
     
         75 . The method of  claim 71 , wherein said gene is over-expressed at least 2 fold as compared to that expressed in normal tissue.  
     
     
         76 . A method of detecting benign oncocytoma, comprising the steps of: 
 obtaining biological samples from an individual;    determining in the biological samples expression level of one or more gene having a GenBank accession number selected from the group consisting of BF593625, AI310001, NM — 006206, NM — 003740, AW138125, NM — 000336, BC005314, AI796189, NM — 013363, NM — 004466, AI627531, U28055, NM — 152759, AW052159, NM — 017712, AI961231, AI767962, AF350881, AU146418, BE875072, AI653981, AI634662, NM — 000486, AW206292, AI572079, AI694118, NM — 000142, U78168, AI913600, W93847, NM — 004616, AI935789, AW274034, NM — 147174, AA074145, AL049176, NM — 020353, NM — 024803, D16931, NM — 019076, AF138303, D13705, NM — 000587, R49295, NM — 000385, AI669229, U36189, AL110135, AW271605, BF358386, NM — 016270, AA905508, NM — 021630, AA915989, AL565812, AI990790, BC041158, NM — 138474, NM — 002899, AK024256, AW779672, NM — 021161, BF196891, AY028896, NM — 007180, AL110152, AW051599, AI796169, AF017987, BE550027, AA535065, NM — 003361, AI263078, M13149, AF278532, AI632015, NM — 000412, NM — 000893, BG398937, AL049977, N74607, AW071744, AW015506, AI927000, AI471866, NM — 001099, NM — 005074, AA995925, AF352728, BF343007, NM — 016929, AA911235, AA639753, NM — 004887, AW771565, AI264671, BF510426, AV728958, T90064, AA218868, NM — 003104, AJ292204, AI056359, AL568422, AF339805, NM — 000163, AI042017, AW340457, BF431199, BF432254, AI368018, NM — 018456, NM — 017806, X59065, AI650353, AW771563, BF431313, NM — 000896, BC005090, U24267, AI090268, AW014927, AL023553, AL049313, AK021539, AI220117, NM — 020300, NM — 022568, BE874872, NM — 004668, BF033242, BC004542, NM — 000204, NM — 004525, AA442149, NM — 000049, AI830469, NM — 003759, AF169017, AF170911, AA865601, AA863031, AW136060, NM — 003041, NM — 021924, AW299568, AI927941, AI433463, AL365347, AA502331, NM — 024709, AF289024, NM — 017614, NM — 016347, NM — 000277, NM — 000316, NM — 001091, NM — 000790, AF144103, NM — 016725, NM — 000050, AA693817, NM — 004929, NM — 000592, AL574184, AA676742, AI631993, AI566130, AW024233, AA873542, AK026966, NM — 022829, NM — 005950, AV700405, AI733515, NM — 000860, U95090, NM — 001385, BG401568, NM — 000846, BF195998, NM — 004413, NM — 000151, NM — 006744, NM — 013410, NM — 000035, AK026411, AL135960, M74220, NM — 001713, AW614558, Z92546, NM — 000778, NM — 000792, AI222435, D26054, AW025165, NM — 007287, BF217861, BF447963, NM — 001081, NM — 018484, AW192692, BF000045, BC005830, NM — 025257, NM — 020973, NM — 001977, AI632692, BI825302, L12468, AL571375, AL136858, NM — 024027, NM — 014934, BG496631, NM — 018265, AI770035, AF177272, NM — 004392, N95363, AF261715, NM — 000042, NM — 001393, R88990, AA557324, AF116645, BC015993, AL558479, NM — 000785, AW051926, AA928708, BE407830, AI431643, AF001434, BC005894, NM — 006798; and    performing statistical analysis on the expression level of said gene as compared to that expressed in normal tissue samples, wherein down-regulation of said gene indicates that said individual has benign oncocytoma.    
     
     
         77 . The method of  claim 76 , wherein said biological samples are selected from the group consisting of tissue samples, serum samples, urine samples, saliva samples, blood samples and biopsy samples.  
     
     
         78 . The method of  claim 76 , wherein said normal tissue samples are obtained from said individual.  
     
     
         79 . The method of  claim 76 , wherein gene expression level is determined at RNA or protein level.  
     
     
         80 . The method of  claim 76 , wherein said gene is down-regulated at least 2 fold as compared to that expressed in normal tissue.  
     
     
         81 . A method of detecting benign oncocytoma, comprising the steps of: 
 obtaining biological samples from an individual;    determining expression level of one or more gene in a first gene group comprising genes with GenBank accession numbers NM — 005114, AA650558, BF062244, NM — 030674, NM — 014766, BC002471, AF183421, AK022100, BF508244, BG772511, AB037848, AK055769, T58048, NM — 012105, AA992805, AK026420, NM — 024812, AI057226, AW138767, NM — 013233, AF178532, AI521166, AA005023, AV725364, AW195581, BG503479, BF031829, AW975728, NM — 022495, AA703159, BF247552, NM — 001673, NM — 024622, AI565054, AW058459, NM — 001233, BC036550, BE464483, NM — 002512;    determining expression level of one or more gene in a second gene group comprising genes with GenBank accession numbers BF593625, AI310001, NM — 006206, NM — 003740, AW138125, NM — 000336, BC005314, AI796189, NM — 013363, NM — 004466, AI627531, U28055, NM — 152759, AW052159, NM — 017712, AI961231, AI767962, AF350881, AU146418, BE875072, AI653981, AI634662, NM — 000486, AW206292, AI572079, AI694118, NM — 000142, U78168, AI913600, W93847, NM — 004616, AI935789, AW274034, NM — 147174, AA074145, AL049176, NM — 020353, NM — 024803, D16931, NM — 019076, AF138303, D13705, NM — 000587, R49295, NM — 000385, AI669229, U36189, AL110135, AW271605, BF358386, NM — 016270, AA905508, NM — 021630, AA915989, AL565812, AI990790, BC041158, NM — 138474, NM — 002899, AK024256, AW779672, NM — 021161, BF196891, AY028896, NM — 007180, AL110152, AW051599, AI796169, AF017987, BE550027, AA535065, NM — 003361, AI263078, M13149, AF278532, AI632015, NM — 000412, NM — 000893, BG398937, AL049977, N74607, AW071744, AW015506, AI927000, AI471866, NM — 001099, NM — 005074, AA995925, AF352728, BF343007, NM — 016929, AA911235, AA639753, NM — 004887, AW771565, AI264671, BF510426, AV728958, T90064, AA218868, NM — 003104, AJ292204, AI056359, AL568422, AF339805, NM — 000163, AI042017, AW340457, BF431199, BF432254, AI368018, NM — 018456, NM — 017806, X59065, AI650353, AW771563, BF431313, NM — 000896, BC005090, U24267, AI090268, AW014927, AL023553, AL049313, AK021539, AI220117, NM — 020300, NM — 022568, BE874872, NM — 004668, BF033242, BC004542, NM 000204, NM — 004525, AA442149, NM — 000049, AI830469, NM — 003759, AF169017, AF170911, AA865601, AA863031, AW136060, NM — 003041, NM — 021924, AW299568, AI927941, AI433463, AL365347, AA502331, NM — 024709, AF289024, NM — 017614, NM — 016347, NM — 000277, NM — 000316, NM — 001091, NM — 000790, AF144103, NM — 016725, NM — 000050, AA693817, NM — 004929, NM — 000592, AL574184, AA676742, AI631993, AI566130, AW024233, AA873542, AK026966, NM — 022829, NM — 005950, AV700405, AI733515, NM — 000860, U95090, NM — 001385, BG401568, NM — 000846, BF195998, NM — 004413, NM — 000151, NM — 006744, NM — 013410, NM — 000035, AK026411, AL135960, M74220, NM — 001713, AW614558, Z92546, NM — 000778, NM — 000792, AI222435, D26054, AW025165, NM — 007287, BF217861, BF447963, NM — 001081, NM — 018484, AW192692, BF000045, BC005830, NM — 025257, NM — 020973, NM — 001977, AI632692, BI825302, L12468, AL571375, AL136858, NM — 024027, NM — 014934, BG496631, NM — 018265, AI770035, AF177272, NM — 004392, N95363, AF261715, NM — 000042, NM — 001393, R88990, AA557324, AF116645, BC015993, AL558479, NM — 000785, AW051926, AA928708, BE407830, AI431643, AF001434, BC005894, NM — 006798; and    performing statistical analysis on the expression level of said gene as compared to that expressed in normal tissue samples, wherein over-expression of one or more gene belonging to said first gene group and down-regulation of one or more gene belonging to said second gene group indicates that said individual has benign oncocytoma.    
     
     
         82 . The method of  claim 81 , wherein said biological samples are selected from the group consisting of tissue samples, serum samples, urine samples, saliva samples, blood samples and biopsy samples.  
     
     
         83 . The method of  claim 81 , wherein said normal tissue samples are obtained from said individual.  
     
     
         84 . The method of  claim 81 , wherein gene expression level is determined at RNA or protein level.  
     
     
         85 . The method of  claim 81 , wherein said down-regulation or over-expression is at least 2 fold as compared to that expressed in normal tissue.