Antioxidant combination for oxidation and deposit control in lubricants containing molybdenum and alkylated phenothiazine

Abstract

The invention relates to a lubricating oil composition having improved antioxidant properties, and which contains a molybdenum compound and an alkylated phenothiazine. Further, it may also include a secondary diarylamine, preferably an alkylated diphenylamine. This combination of additives provides improved oxidation control and friction modifier performance to the lubricating oil. The composition is particularly suited for use as a crankcase lubricant, or a transmission lubricant, including low levels and zero levels of phosphorus.

1 . A lubricating composition comprising a major amount of lubricating oil, and a minor amount of an oil soluble secondary diarylamine, an oil soluble molybdenum compound provided that said oil soluble molybdenum compound is not a tri-nuclear molybdenum compound, and an oil soluble alkylated phenothiazine.  
     
     
         2 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 1 , wherein the diarylamine comprises an alkylated diphenylamine.  
     
     
         3 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 2 , wherein the alkylated diphenylamine has a concentration of about 0.1 to 2.5 wt. % in the lubricating composition.  
     
     
         4 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 3 , wherein the alkylated diphenylamine has a concentration of about 0.2 to 10.5 wt. % in the lubricating composition.  
     
     
         5 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 1 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound further comprises sulfur.  
     
     
         6 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 1 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound has a concentration sufficient to provide about 20 to 1000 ppm of molybdenum in the lubricating composition.  
     
     
         7 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 6 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound has a concentration sufficient to provide about 20 to 200 ppm of molybdenum in the lubricating composition.  
     
     
         8 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 1 , wherein the oil soluble alkylated phenothiazine has a concentration of about 0.05 to 1.5 wt. % in the lubricating composition.  
     
     
         9 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 8 , wherein the oil soluble alkylated phenothiazine has a concentration of about 0.1 to 1.0 wt. % in the lubricating composition.  
     
     
         10 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 1 , wherein at least one of the alkyl groups of the alkylated phenothiazine comprises from four to about twenty-four carbon atoms.  
     
     
         11 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 1 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine is disubstituted, with each substituted alkyl group comprising from four to about twenty-four carbon atoms.  
     
     
         12 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 11 , wherein each substituted alkyl group on the alkylated phenothiazine comprises four to, but including, eight carbon atoms.  
     
     
         13 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 1 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises dioctylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         14 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 1 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises monooctylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         15 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 1 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises dinonylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         16 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 1 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises monononylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         17 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 1 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises mono C 14  alkylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         18 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 1 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises di C 14  alkylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         19 . A lubricating composition comprising a major amount of lubricating oil, an oil soluble molybdenum compound provided that said oil soluble molybdenum compound is not a tri-nuclear molybdenum compound, and an oil soluble alkylated phenothiazine.  
     
     
         20 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 19 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound further comprises sulfur.  
     
     
         21 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 19 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound has a concentration sufficient to provide about 20 to about 1000 ppm of molybdenum in the lubricating composition.  
     
     
         22 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 21 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound has a concentration sufficient to provide about 20 to about 200 ppm of molybdenum in the lubricating composition.  
     
     
         23 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 19 , wherein the oil soluble alkylated phenothiazine has a concentration of about 0.05 to 1.5 wt. % in the lubricating composition.  
     
     
         24 . A lubricating composition as described in  claim 23 , wherein the oil soluble alkylated phenothiazine has a concentration of about 0.1 to 1.0 wt. % in the lubricating composition.  
     
     
         25 . A lubricating composition as described in  claim 19 , wherein at least one of the alkyl groups of the alkylated phenothiazine comprises from four to about twenty-four carbon atoms.  
     
     
         26 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 19 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine is disubstituted, with each substituted alkyl group comprising from about four to about twenty-four carbon atoms.  
     
     
         27 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 19 , wherein each substituted alkyl group has four to, but including, eight carbon atoms.  
     
     
         28 . A lubricating composition as described in  claim 19 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises dioctylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         29 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 19 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises monooctylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         30 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 19 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises dinonylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         31 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 19 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises monononylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         32 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 19 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises mono C 14  alkylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         33 . The lubricating composition as described in  claim 19 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises di C 14  alkylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         34 . A lubricating composition additive comprising an oil soluble secondary diarylamine, an oil soluble molybdenum compound provided that said oil soluble molybdenum compound is not a tri-nuclear molybdenum compound, and an oil soluble alkylated phenothiazine.  
     
     
         35 . The lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 34 , wherein the diarylamine is an alkylated diphenylamine.  
     
     
         36 . The lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 34 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound further comprises sulfur.  
     
     
         37 . A lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 34 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound has a concentration sufficient to provide about 20 to 1000 ppm of molybdenum in the lubricating composition.  
     
     
         38 . The lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 34 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound has a concentration sufficient to provide about 20 to 200 ppm of molybdenum in the lubricating composition.  
     
     
         39 . A lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 34 , wherein at least one of the alkyl groups of the alkylated phenothiazine comprises from four to about twenty-four carbon atoms.  
     
     
         40 . The lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 34 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine is disubstituted, with each substituted alkyl group comprising from about four to about twenty-four carbon atoms.  
     
     
         41 . The lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 40 , wherein each substituted alkyl group comprises four to, but including, eight carbon atoms.  
     
     
         42 . The lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 34 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises dioctylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         43 . The lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 34 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises monooctylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         44 . The lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 34 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises dinonylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         45 . The lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 34 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises monononylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         46 . The lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 34 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises mono C 14  alkylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         47 . The lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 34 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises di C 14  alkylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         48 . A lubricating composition additive comprising an oil soluble molybdenum compound provided that said oil soluble molybdenum compound is not a tri-nuclear molybdenum compound and an oil soluble alkylated phenothiazine.  
     
     
         49 . The lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 48 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound further comprises sulfur.  
     
     
         50 . The lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 48 , wherein at least one of the alkyl groups of the alkylated phenothiazine comprises from four to about twenty-four carbon atoms.  
     
     
         51 . The lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 48 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine is disubstituted, with each substituted alkyl group comprising from about four to about twenty-four carbon atoms.  
     
     
         52 . The lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 51 , wherein each substituted alkyl group comprises four to, but including, eight carbon atoms.  
     
     
         53 . The lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 48 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises dioctylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         54 . The lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 48 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises monoctylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         55 . The lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 48 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises dinonylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         56 . The lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 48 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises monononylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         57 . The lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 48 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises mono C 14  alkylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         58 . The lubricating composition additive as described in  claim 48 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises di C 14  alkylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         59 . A method for improving the antioxidancy and/or anti-wear properties of a lubricating composition comprising including in the lubricating composition an oil soluble molybdenum compound provided that said oil soluble molybdenum compound is not a tri-nuclear molybdenum compound and an oil soluble alkylated phenothiazine.  
     
     
         60 . The method as described in  claim 59 , further comprising including in the lubricating composition an oil soluble secondary diarylamine.  
     
     
         61 . The method as described in  claim 60 , wherein the diarylamine is an alkylated diphenylamine.  
     
     
         62 . The method as described in  claim 60 , wherein the secondary diarylamine has a concentration of about 0.1 to 2.5 wt. % in the lubricating composition.  
     
     
         63 . The method as described in  claim 60 , wherein the secondary diarylamine has a concentration of about 0.2 to 1.5 wt. % in the lubricating composition.  
     
     
         64 . The method as described in  claim 59 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound further comprises sulfur.  
     
     
         65 . The method as described in  claim 59 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound has a concentration sufficient to provide about 20 to about 1000 ppm of molybdenum in the lubricating composition.  
     
     
         66 . The method as described in  claim 65 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound has a concentration sufficient to provide about 20 to 200 ppm of molybdenum in the lubricating composition.  
     
     
         67 . The method as described in  claim 59 , wherein the oil soluble alkylated phenothiazine has a concentration of about 0.05 to 1.5 wt. % in the lubricating composition.  
     
     
         68 . The method as described in  claim 67 , wherein the oil soluble alkylated phenothiazine has a concentration of about 0.1 to 1.0 wt. % in the lubricating composition.  
     
     
         69 . The method as described in  claim 59 , wherein at least one of the alkyl groups of the alkylated phenothiazine comprises from four to about twenty-four carbon atoms.  
     
     
         70 . The method as described in  claim 59 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine is disubstituted, with each substituted alkyl group comprising from about four to about twenty-four carbon atoms.  
     
     
         71 . The method as described in  claim 70 , wherein each substituted alkyl group has four to but including eight carbon atoms.  
     
     
         72 . The method as described in  claim 59 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises dioctylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         73 . The method as described in  claim 59 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises monooctylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         74 . The method as described in  claim 59 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises dinonylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         75 . The method as described in  claim 59 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises monononylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         76 . The method as described in  claim 59 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises mono C 14  alkylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         77 . The method as described in  claim 59 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises di C 14  alkylphenothiazine.  
     
     
         78 . The method as described in  claim 59 , further comprising including in the lubricating composition an oil soluble alkylated diphenylamine, an oil soluble phosphorus compound, and an oil soluble hindered phenolic derived from 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol.  
     
     
         79 . The method as described in  claim 59 , further comprising including in the lubricating composition an oil soluble alkylated diphenylamine, an oil soluble phosphorus, and an oil soluble calcium-containing detergent.  
     
     
         80 . A method for lubricating an engine, comprising lubricating said engine with a lubricating composition of  claim 1 .  
     
     
         81 . A method for lubricating an engine, comprising lubricating said engine with a lubricating composition of  claim 19 .  
     
     
         82 . A method for lubricating an engine, comprising lubricating said engine with a lubricant containing the lubricant composition additive of  claim 34 .  
     
     
         83 . A method for lubricating an engine, comprising lubricating said engine with a lubricant containing the lubricant composition additive of  claim 48 .  
     
     
         84 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises zero phosphorus.  
     
     
         85 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises essentially zero phosphorus.  
     
     
         86 . The composition of  claim 19 , wherein the composition comprises zero phosphorus.  
     
     
         87 . The composition of  claim 19 , wherein the composition comprises essentially zero phosphorus.  
     
     
         88 . The composition of  claim 34 , wherein the composition comprises zero phosphorus.  
     
     
         89 . The composition of  claim 34 , wherein the composition comprises essentially zero phosphorus.