Integration processes of the treatments of zinc silicate concentrates or zinc silicate ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides

Abstract

The invention refers to the many ways of integrating and joining the processes for treating ore and silicate concentrates of zinc with the product of the sulphide roaster in the zinc industry. These processes include: (i) Use of concentrated raw or ore zinc silicates, from several mineral sources, which are leached with the calcine from the zinc sulphide roaster in Neutral leaching. (ii) Use of concentrated raw or ore zinc silicates, from several mineral sources, interlinked with the treatment of the zinc sulphide roaster calcine, in Acid leaching of Ferrites and Iron Precipitation (iii) Use of concentrated raw or ore zinc silicates, from several mineral sources, interlinked with the treatment of the zinc sulphide roaster calcine in Neutral leaching, after silicate leaching. (iv) Use of calcine (600-900° C.) of silicate concentrates or silicate ores with selective precipitation of zinc in the Magnesium Treatment, and integration with the calcine from zinc sulphide roasters either in Neutral leaching, Acid leaching of ferrites of Iron Precipitation (v to viii) Processes I to IV, as above, adding the step to remove halogens such as fluorides and chlorides.

1 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides characterized by the use of raw concentrates or zinc silicate ores from several mineral sources, which are leaching solutions together with the roaster calcine of zinc sulphide in the Neutral leaching stage, as shown in the blocks flowchart of FIG. I.  
     
     
         2 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  1  characterized by being able to repulp the zinc silicate concentrates with washing using water from the leaching residue, residual water or industrial water in the repulping stage.  
     
     
         3 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  1  and  2  characterized by the fact that solids concentration is held at between 40 and around 60% of mass.  
     
     
         4 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  1  characterized by the fact that the spent solution from zinc electrolysis is added to the zinc concentrate silicate/ore to maintain pH between 4.0 and 4.5.  
     
     
         5 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  1  characterized by the fact that direct or indirect steam is injected into the tanks to maintain a temperature in thee range of 75 and 85° C.  
     
     
         6 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  1  characterized by the fact that when the zinc concentrates are lower than 10.0 g/l, solid/liquid can take place where the liquid is sent to the zinc recuperation and the solid to the pre-leaching of the silicate ore or concentrate.  
     
     
         7 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  1  characterized by the fact that the pH in the pre-leaching of the ore/silicate concentrate ( 4 ) is held at approximately 3.0 to 3.5, by adding the spent solution created by zinc electrolysis.  
     
     
         8 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  1  characterized by the fact that the time of residence in pre-leaching of the ore/silicate concentrate, can vary approximately between 3 and 6 hours, varying as a function of the physical and chemical characteristics of the types of silicate being treated.  
     
     
         9 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  1  characterized by the fact that in the neutral leaching ( 5 ) there is integration of the process of the two silicate ores and the duly calcinated zinc sulphide.  
     
     
         10 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  1  characterized by the fact that in neutral leaching ( 5 ) the PH can vary between approximately 3.2 and 3.8; the temperature between around 70 and 75° C. and the time of residence between 4 and 5 hours approximately.  
     
     
         11 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  1  characterized by the fact that there is an option to remove halogens such as fluorides and chlorides, according to the blocks flowchart of FIG. V, based on precipitation with lime.  
     
     
         12 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides characterized by the use of raw concentrates or zinc silicate ores from several mineral sources, interlinked with the treatment of the calcine from roaster of zinc sulphides, in Acid leaching of the ferrites or calcine ( 7 ) and Iron Precipitation ( 11 ), in accordance with the blocks flowchart presented in FIG. II.  
     
     
         13 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  12  characterized by the fact that the quantity of silicate ore or concentrate in each stage can vary from zero to 100%.  
     
     
         14 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  12  characterized by the fact that the operating conditions for neutral leaching are the same as those described in the process item in integration I.  
     
     
         15 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  12  characterized by the fact that there is optional removal of halogens, such as fluorides and chlorides, according to the blocks flow chart of FIG. VI, based on precipitation using lime.  
     
     
         16 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides characterized by the use of zinc silicate ore or raw concentrates, from several mineral sources, interlinked with the treatment with the calcine from roasting zinc sulphides in the Neutral leaching ( 5 ), after leaching of the silicates, in accordance with the blocks flowchart of FIG. III.  
     
     
         17 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  16  characterized by the fact that the solution called the attack solution is a mixture of concentrated Sulfuric acid mixed or not with a spent solution from electrolysis.  
     
     
         18 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore 
 and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  16  and  17  characterized by the fact that the acid concentration in the attack solution may vary between 150 to 250 g/l where the variation is a function of the sulphide balance in the process.    
     
     
         19 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  16  and  17  characterized by the fact that the time of residence is preferably between 5 to 8 hours and depends basically on the efficiency of the agitation tanks, granulometry of the ore/concentrate, temperature and of the levels of ores contained in the zinc silicate sources.  
     
     
         20 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  16  characterized by the fact that integration of the two plants arises from the liquid obtained in the solid/liquid separation, which is sent o neutral leaching ( 5 ).  
     
     
         21 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  16  characterized by the fact that the operating conditions of neutral leaching are the same as those described in integration process I.  
     
     
         22 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  16  characterized by the fact that the solid residue obtained is sent to filtration ( 15 ) where washing of the residue is carried out to recover the soluble zinc.  
     
     
         23 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  16  characterized by the fact that washing is carried out in two stages, repulping and dislocation of the soluble zinc in the discarded mud being less than approximately 0.5%.  
     
     
         24 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  16  characterized by the fact that there is an option to remove halogens, such as fluorides and chlorides, according to the blocks flowchart of FIG. VII, based on precipitation using lime.  
     
     
         25 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides characterized by use of zinc silicate raw or ore concentrates from seeral mineral sources, interlinked with the treatment with the zinc sulphide roaster calcine, in accordance with blocks flowchart of FIG. IV.  
     
     
         26 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides characterized by use calcine (obtained at 600-900° C.) of silicate concentrates or ore silicates, with selective precipitation of zinc in the magnesium treatment, and integration of the roaster product of zinc sulphide either in the Neutral leaching, Acid leaching of ferrites of Precipitation of Iron, or in accordance with the blocks flowchart of FIG. IV.  
     
     
         27 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  26  characterized by the fact that there is an option to remove halogens, such as fluorides and chlorides, according to the blocks flowchart of FIG. VII, based on precipitation using lime.  
     
     
         28 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides characterized by the fact that that process integration can be: 
 Added directly to the silicate calcine in neutral leaching ( 5 ), or;    Adding the silicate calcine in Acid leaching ( 7 ), or;    Adding the silicate calcine during precipitation of Iron/Paragoethite ( 11 ), or;    Adding the silicate calcine in two or three simultaneous stages;    For al of the above options, the silicate calcinate may or may not go through the Magnesium treatment beforehand, together with secondary filtration from the washing of the filtration bricks or other water from plant washing. This depends on the magnesium balance in the plant. In FIG. IV, magnesium treatment was considered in all options.    
     
     
         29 . Integration processes of the treatments of concentrates or zinc silicates ore and roasted concentrates of zinc sulphides in accordance with request  28  characterized by the fact that there is an option to remove halogens, such as fluorides and chlorides, according to the blocks flowchart of FIG. VII, based on precipitation using lime.