Peptide mediated synthesis of metallic and magnetic materials

Abstract

The present invention includes methods for producing magnetic nanocrystals by using a biological molecule that has been modified to possess an amino acid oligomer that is capable of specific binding to a magnetic material.

1 . A method of making a magnetic material comprising the steps of: 
 providing a molecule comprising a portion that binds specifically to the surface of a magnetic material; and    contacting one or more magnetic material precursors with the molecule under conditions that permit formation of the magnetic material.    
     
     
         2 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the magnetic material is a particle.  
     
     
         3 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the magnetic material is a nanoparticle.  
     
     
         4 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the magnetic material is a ferromagnetic material.  
     
     
         5 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the magnetic material is a ferromagnetic nanoparticle.  
     
     
         6 . The method recited in  claim 1 , wherein the molecule comprises an amino acid oligomer as the portion that binds specifically to the surface of the magnetic material.  
     
     
         7 . The method recited in  claim 6 , wherein the oligomer is between about 7 and about 100 amino acids long.  
     
     
         8 . The method recited in  claim 6 , wherein the oligomer is between about 7 and about 20 amino acids long.  
     
     
         9 . The method recited in  claim 1 , wherein the molecule is selected from a combinatorial library screen.  
     
     
         10 . The method recited in  claim 7 , wherein the magnetic material comprises Co, SmCo5, CoPt or FePt.  
     
     
         11 . The method recited in  claim 1 , further comprising the steps of isolating the magnetic material.  
     
     
         12 . The method recited in  claim 11 , wherein the magnetic material is attached to a substrate.  
     
     
         13 . The method recited in  claim 1 , wherein the molecule is defined further as peptide that comprises a portion of a self-assembling molecule.  
     
     
         14 . The method recited in  claim 13 , wherein the self-assembling molecule is a phage.  
     
     
         15 . The method recited in  claim 13 , wherein the self-assembling molecule is grown in a bacterium.  
     
     
         16 . A method of making a magnetic material comprising the step of: 
 contacting a molecule that initiates magnetic material formation with magnetic material precursor and a reducing agent.    
     
     
         17 . The method recited in  claim 16 , wherein contacting is carried out at about room temperature.  
     
     
         18 . The method recited in  claim 16 , wherein contacting is carried out at about 350° C. or less.  
     
     
         19 . The method recited in  claim 16 , wherein the molecule is an amino acid oligomer.  
     
     
         20 . The method recited in  claim 16 , wherein the molecule is an amino acid oligomer comprising between about 7 and about 100 amino acids.  
     
     
         21 . The method recited in  claim 16 , wherein the molecule is an amino acid oligomer comprising between about 7 and about 20 amino acids.  
     
     
         22 . The method recited in  claim 16 , wherein the molecule further comprises a self-assembling viral particle.  
     
     
         23 . The method recited in  claim 16 , wherein the magnetic material comprises Co, CoPt, SmCo5, or FePt magnetic material.  
     
     
         24 . The method recited in  claim 16 , wherein the magnetic material is a magnetic quantum dot.  
     
     
         25 . The method recited in  claim 22 , wherein the self-assembling viral particle is used to produce a casting film.  
     
     
         26 . The method according to  claim 16 , wherein the magnetic material is a particle.  
     
     
         27 . The method according to  claim 16 , wherein the magnetic material is a nanoparticle.  
     
     
         28 . The method according to  claim 16 , wherein the magnetic material is a ferromagnetic material.  
     
     
         29 . The method according to  claim 16 , wherein the magnetic material is a ferromagnetic nanoparticle.  
     
     
         30 . A magnetic material made by the method of  claim 1 .  
     
     
         31 . A magnetic material made by the method of  claim 16 .  
     
     
         32 . A method of making a magnetic material comprising the steps of: 
 linking a magnetic material binding molecule to a substrate;    contacting one or more magnetic material precursors with the magnetic material binding molecule under conditions that form the magnetic material; and    forming the magnetic material.    
     
     
         33 . The method according to  claim 32 , wherein the magnetic material is a ferromagnetic material.  
     
     
         34 . The method according to  claim 32 , wherein the magnetic material is a particle.  
     
     
         35 . The method according to  claim 32 , wherein the magnetic material is a nanoparticle.  
     
     
         36 . The method according to  claim 32 , wherein the magnetic material is a ferromagnetic nanoparticle.  
     
     
         37 . The method of  claim 32 , wherein the magnetic material binding molecule comprises a chimeric protein that exposes one or more magnetic material binding amino acid oligomers on its surface.  
     
     
         38 . The method of  claim 32 , wherein the magnetic material binding molecule is an amino acid oligomer.  
     
     
         39 . The method of  claim 32 , wherein the magnetic material binding molecule comprises between about 7 and about 100 amino acid oligomers.  
     
     
         40 . The method of  claim 32 , wherein the magnetic material binding molecule comprises between about 7 and about 20 amino acids.  
     
     
         41 . The method of  claim 32 , wherein the magnetic material binding molecule is linked chemically to the substrate.  
     
     
         42 . The method of  claim 32 , wherein the magnetic material binding molecule comprises a chimeric protein with a self-assembling viral particle.  
     
     
         43 . The method of  claim 32 , wherein the magnetic material comprises Co, CoPt, SmCo5 or FePt.  
     
     
         44 . The method of  claim 32 , wherein the method is used to produce a film.  
     
     
         45 . The method of  claim 32 , wherein substrate comprises a patterned surface, and the magnetic material binding molecule is fixed only on the patterns of the patterned surface.  
     
     
         46 . A magnetic material made by the method of  claim 32 .  
     
     
         47 . A magnetic material formed using a binding molecule and one or more magnetic material precursors.  
     
     
         48 . The magnetic material according to  claim 47 , wherein the binding molecule comprises a binding amino acid oligomer portion.  
     
     
         49 . The magnetic material according to  claim 48 , wherein the oligomer comprises between about 7 and about 100 amino acids.  
     
     
         50 . The magnetic material according to  claim 48 , wherein the binding oligomer portion comprises between about 7 and about 20 amino acids.  
     
     
         51 . The magnetic material according to  claim 47 , wherein the magnetic material is a ferromagnetic material.  
     
     
         52 . The magnetic material according to  claim 47 , wherein the magnetic material comprises particles.  
     
     
         53 . The magnetic material according to  claim 47 , wherein the magnetic material comprises nanoparticles.  
     
     
         54 . The magnetic material according to  claim 47 , wherein the magnetic material comprises ferromagnetic nanoparticles.  
     
     
         55 . The magnetic material of  claim 47 , wherein the magnetic material is formed at a temperature of less than 350 degrees centigrade.  
     
     
         56 . The magnetic material of  claim 47 , wherein the magnetic material is selected from the group consisting of Co, CoPt, SmCo5, and FePt.  
     
     
         57 . A magnetic material formed using a magnetic material specific binding molecule in the presence of a metal salt and a reducing agent.  
     
     
         58 . The magnetic material according to  claim 57 , wherein the material is a ferromagnetic material.  
     
     
         59 . The magnetic material according to  claim 58 , wherein the material is a ferromagnetic nanoparticle material.  
     
     
         60 . The magnetic material according to  claim 59 , wherein the binding molecule comprises a binding amino acid oligomer portion.  
     
     
         61 . A composition comprising peptide that binds specifically to ε-Co.  
     
     
         62 . A composition according to  claim 61 , wherein the peptide binds specifically to a crystalline surface of ε-Co.  
     
     
         63 . A composition according to  claim 61 , wherein the peptide binds comprises the sequence of ALSPHSAPLTLY (SEQ ID NO.:15).  
     
     
         64 . A composition comprising peptide that binds specifically to CoPt.  
     
     
         65 . A composition according to  claim 64 , wherein the peptide binds specifically to a crystalline surface of CoPt.  
     
     
         66 . A composition according to  claim 64 , wherein the peptide comprises the sequence of NAGDHAN (SEQ ID NO.:12).  
     
     
         67 . A composition according to  claim 64 , wherein the peptide comprises the sequence of SVSVGMKPSPRP(SEQ ID NO.:16).  
     
     
         68 . A composition comprising peptide that binds specifically to FePt.  
     
     
         69 . A composition according to  claim 68 , wherein the peptide binds specifically to a crystalline surface of FePt.  
     
     
         70 . A composition according to  claim 68 , wherein the peptide comprises the sequence of SKNSNIL (SEQ ID NO.:13).  
     
     
         71 . A composition according to  claim 68 , wherein the peptide comprises the sequence of HNKHLPSTQPLA (SEQ ID NO.:17).  
     
     
         72 . A composition comprising peptide that binds specifically to SmCo5.  
     
     
         73 . A composition according to  claim 72 , wherein the peptide binds specifically to a crystalline surface of SmCo5.  
     
     
         74 . A composition according to  claim 72 , wherein the peptide that binds to SmCo5 comprises the sequence of TKPSVVQ (SEQ ID NO.:14).  
     
     
         75 . A composition according to  claim 72 , wherein the peptide that binds to SmCo5 comprises the sequence of WDPYSHLLQHPQ (SEQ ID NO.:18).  
     
     
         76 . A composition comprising peptide that binds specifically to a ferromagnetic surface.  
     
     
         77 . A composition according to  claim 76 , wherein the peptide binds specifically to a crystalline surface of a ferromagnetic surface.  
     
     
         78 . A method of isolating a molecule that binds specifically to a magnetic material comprising the steps of: 
 contacting a library of molecules with a magnetic material;    removing non-binding molecules from the library; and    eluting the bound molecules from the magnetic material.    
     
     
         79 . The method of  claim 78 , further comprising the step of determining the molecular structure of the molecules that bind the magnetic material.  
     
     
         80 . The method of  claim 78 , wherein the molecular library is further defined as comprising a phage library.  
     
     
         81 . The method of  claim 78 , wherein the molecular library is further defined as comprising a phage display library.  
     
     
         82 . The method of  claim 78 , wherein the molecular library is further defined as comprising a combinatorial chemistry library.  
     
     
         83 . The method of  claim 78 , wherein the molecular library is further defined as comprising a peptide library.  
     
     
         84 . The method according to  claim 78 , wherein the magnetic material is ferromagnetic.  
     
     
         85 . The method according to  claim 78 , wherein the molecules comprise amino acid oligomers which specifically bind the magnetic material.  
     
     
         86 . A method of preparing a particle film comprising the steps of: 
 adding a solution of particles to a surface; wherein the particles are synthesized with use of binding molecules;    evaporating the solution of nanoparticles on the surface; and    annealing the particles to the surface to create a film of particles.    
     
     
         87 . The method according to  claim 86 , wherein the particles are magnetic.  
     
     
         88 . The method according to  claim 86 , wherein the particles are ferromagnetic.  
     
     
         89 . The method according to  claim 86 , wherein the particles are nanoparticles.  
     
     
         90 . The method according to  claim 86 , wherein the particles are ferromagnetic nanoparticles.  
     
     
         91 . The method of  claim 86 , wherein the solution of nanoparticles are magnetic nanoparticles in a solvent and are selected from the group consisting of ε-Co, Co, SmCo5, CoPt, FePt, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         92 . The method of  claim 86 , wherein the solvent is evaporated.  
     
     
         93 . The method of  claim 86 , wherein the surface is a microfabricated solid surface to which molecules may attach through either covalent or non-covalent bonds and selected from the group consisting of Langmuir-Bodgett films, glass, functionalized glass, germanium, silicon, PTFE, polystyrene, gallium arsenide, gold, silver, or any materials comprising amino, carboxyl, thiol or hydroxyl functional groups incorporated onto a surface.  
     
     
         94 . The method of  claim 86 , wherein the annealing is at a temperature of least about 700 degrees Centigrade for at least about 30 minutes under an inert gas.  
     
     
         95 . A particle film prepared by the method of  claim 86 .  
     
     
         96 . A method of making a metal material comprising the steps of: 
 providing a molecule comprising a portion that binds specifically to a metal surface; and    contacting one or more metal material precursors with the molecule under conditions that permit formation of the metal material.    
     
     
         97 . The method of  claim 96 , wherein the formation of the metal material occurs in the presence of a reducing agent.  
     
     
         98 . The method according to  claim 96 , wherein the molecule comprises an amino acid oligomer portion which binds specifically to the metal surface.  
     
     
         99 . The method recited in  claim 96 , wherein the oligomer portion which binds specifically is between about 7 and about 100 amino acids long.  
     
     
         100 . The method recited in  claim 96 , wherein the oligomer portion which binds specifically is between about 7 and about 20 amino acids long.  
     
     
         101 . The method of  claim 96 , wherein the metal material is magnetic.  
     
     
         102 . The method of  claim 96 , wherein the metal material is ferromagnetic.  
     
     
         103 . The method of  claim 96 , wherein the metal material is a particle.  
     
     
         104 . The method of  claim 96 , wherein the metal material is a nanoparticle.  
     
     
         105 . The method of  claim 96 , wherein the metal material is a ferromagnetic nanoparticle and the molecule comprises an amino acid oligomer.  
     
     
         106 . A method of making a magnetic material comprising the step of contacting a molecule which binds specifically to the magnetic material with a magnetic material precursor at a temperature of 300° C. or below to form the magnetic material.  
     
     
         107 . The method according to  claim 106 , wherein the temperature is 200° C. or below.  
     
     
         108 . The method according to  claim 106 , wherein the temperature is 100° C. or below.  
     
     
         109 . The method according to  claim 106 , wherein the molecule comprises a peptide which binds specifically to the magnetic material.  
     
     
         110 . The method according to  claim 106 , wherein the molecule comprises an oliogopeptide which binds specifically to the magnetic material.  
     
     
         111 . The method according to  claim 106 , wherein the magnetic material is a crystalline material.  
     
     
         112 . The method according to  claim 106 , wherein the magnetic material is a ferromagnetic material.  
     
     
         113 . The method according to  claim 106 , wherein the magnetic material comprises particles.  
     
     
         114 . The method according to  claim 106 , wherein the magnetic material comprises nanoparticles.  
     
     
         115 . The method according to  claim 106 , wherein the contacting and formation are carried out in solution and the magnetic material does not precipitate out of solution.  
     
     
         116 . A method of making a metallic material comprising the step of contacting a molecule which binds specifically to the metallic material with a metallic material precursor at a temperature of 300° C. or below to form the metallic material.  
     
     
         117 . The method according to  claim 116 , wherein the temperature is 200° C. or below.  
     
     
         118 . The method according to  claim 116 , wherein the temperature is 100° C. or below.  
     
     
         119 . The method according to  claim 116 , wherein the molecule comprises a peptide.  
     
     
         120 . The method according to  claim 116 , wherein the molecule comprises an oliogopeptide.  
     
     
         121 . The method according to  claim 116 , wherein the metallic material is a crystalline material.  
     
     
         122 . The method according to  claim 116 , wherein the metallic material is a ferromagnetic material.  
     
     
         123 . The method according to  claim 116 , wherein the metallic material comprises particles.  
     
     
         124 . The method according to  claim 116 , wherein the metallic material comprises nanoparticles.  
     
     
         125 . The method according to  claim 116 , wherein the contacting and formation are carried out in solution and the metallic material does not precipitate out of solution.  
     
     
         126 . A composition comprising an oligopeptide and a magnetic material, wherein the oligopeptide is specifically bound to the magnetic material.  
     
     
         127 . The composition according to  claim 126 , wherein the magnetic material is a ferromagnetic material.  
     
     
         128 . The composition according to  claim 126 , wherein the magnetic material comprises magnetic alloy.  
     
     
         129 . The composition according to  claim 126 , wherein the magnetic material comprises particles.  
     
     
         130 . The method according to  claim 126 , wherein the magnetic material comprises nanoparticles.  
     
     
         131 . A composition comprising SmCo 5  nanoparticles.  
     
     
         132 . The composition according to  claim 131 , wherein the SmCo 5  nanoparticles are HCP nanoparticles.  
     
     
         133 . A metal material comprising binding molecule-synthesized metal particles.  
     
     
         134 . A metal material of  claim 133 , wherein the particles are magnetic.  
     
     
         135 . A metal material of  claim 133 , wherein the particles are ferromagnetic.  
     
     
         136 . A metal material of  claim 133 , wherein the particles are nanoparticles.  
     
     
         137 . A metal material of  claim 133 , wherein the binding molecule synthesized particles are free from biological molecules by removal by heating.  
     
     
         138 . A metal material of  claim 133 , wherein the metal particles have an aspect ratio greater than 50.  
     
     
         139 . A metal material of  claim 133 , wherein the metal particles are elongated and comprise functionalized regions at either long end.  
     
     
         140 . A metal material of  claim 133 , wherein the metal particles are elongated and have regions at either long end to facilitate binding.  
     
     
         141 . A metal material of  claim 133 , wherein the material is localized prior to heating.  
     
     
         142 . A metal material comprised of a collection of binding molecule synthesized metal nanoparticles that are annealed from polycrystalline to single crystalline materials.  
     
     
         143 . A metal material comprising of a collection of binding molecule synthesized metal nanoparticles that are synthesized independently from viruses.