Catalyst composition and method for oxidizing mixtures

Abstract

A catalyst composition and method for oxidizing fuels is disclosed. The catalyst composition comprises at least one compound having one of a group III, group IIA or Lanthanide element such as, for example, Aluminum, Magnesium or Cesium, and at least one compound having at least one element selected from group IA, group IVA, group VI, group VII, group VIII, group IB, group IIB, and combinations thereof, such as, for example platinum, rhodium and rhenium. A method for oxidizing an fuel, the method comprising providing a fuel and a catalyst mixture; transporting the fuel and the catalyst to the flame zone separately; mixing the fuel and the catalyst; and oxidizing the fuel. The method and catalyst mixture may be used for oxidation of any hydrocarbon based fuel. Improved results from the use of the group III, group IIA or Lanthanide group element include increased power, reduced harmful emissions, and smoother oxidation process.

1 - 28 . (Canceled).  
     
     
         29 . A catalyst mixture for use in the generation of fluidized catalyst particles for fuel oxidation, the catalyst mixture comprising: 
 at least one magnesium compound in a concentration of at least about 0.07 mg/ml; and    at least one platinum compound in a concentration of at least about 0.28 mg/ml;    at least one rhodium compound in a concentration of at least about 0.07 mg/ml; and    at least one rhenium compound in a concentration of at least about 0.1 mg/ml.    
     
     
         30 . (Canceled)  
     
     
         31 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 29 , wherein the catalyst mixture comprises a concentration of Pt, as H2PtCl6.6H2O at least about 0.28 mg/ml, a concentration of Rh, as RhC13 at least about 0.07 mg/ml, a concentration of Re, as perrhenic acid at least about 0.1 mg/ml, and a concentration of Mg as MgCl2 at least about 0.07 mg/ml.  
     
     
         32 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 29 , wherein the catalyst mixture further comprises aqueous acid, wherein the catalyst mixture in aqueous acid has a pH of less than about 4.0.  
     
     
         33 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 32 , wherein the aqueous acid is aqueous hydrochloric acid.  
     
     
         34 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 29 , wherein the catalyst mixture in aqueous acid has a pH of between about 1.4 and about 3.0.  
     
     
         35 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 29 , wherein the catalyst mixture in aqueous acid has a pH of between about 1.6 and about 2.2.  
     
     
         36 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 29 , further comprising a liquid comprising substantially equal parts of ethylene glycol and water.  
     
     
         37 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 35 , further comprising one or more of LiCl, NaCl, and HCl.  
     
     
         38 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 29 , wherein the catalyst mixture further comprises a surfactant selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, pentanol, hexanol, isopropy alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, silicone oil, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         39 . (Canceled)  
     
     
         40 . (Canceled)  
     
     
         41 - 54 . (Canceled).  
     
     
         55 . A catalyst mixture for oxidation of a fuel, the catalyst mixture comprising: 
 about 2.4 mg/ml of H2PtCl6.6H2O;    about 0.28 mg/ml of RhCl3;    about 0.4 mg/ml of HReO4; and    between about 0.28 mg/ml and about 0.56 mg/ml of at least one of AlCl3 and MgCl2.    
     
     
         56 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 55 , wherein a ratio of Pt to Rh in the mixture is between about 15 to 1 and about 4 to 1, a ratio of Pt to Re in the mixture is between about 15 to 1 and about 2 to 1, and a ratio of Pt to Al or Mg in the mixture is between about 15 to 1 and about 2 to 1.  
     
     
         57 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 56 , wherein the ratio of Pt to Rh in the mixture is about 8.6 to 1, the ratio of Pt to Re in the mixture is about 6 to 1, and the ratio of Pt to Al or Mg in the mixture is about 8.6 to 1.  
     
     
         58 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 55 , wherein the total volume of the catalyst mixture is about 650 ml.  
     
     
         59 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 55 , the liquid further comprising one or more of HCl, NaCl, and LiCl.  
     
     
         60 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 59 , wherein the liquid comprises approximately 5400 ppm of LiCl by weight.  
     
     
         61 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 55 , further comprising hydrochloric acid.  
     
     
         62 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 55 , wherein the catalyst mixture has a pH of less than about 4.0.  
     
     
         63 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 55 , wherein the catalyst mixture has a pH of between about 1.2 and about 4.0.  
     
     
         64 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 55 , wherein the catalyst mixture has a pH of between about 1.4 and about 3.0.  
     
     
         65 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 55 , wherein the catalyst mixture has a pH of between about 1.6 and about 2.2.  
     
     
         66 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 55 , wherein the catalyst mixture further comprises a surfactant selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, pentanol, hexanol, isopropy alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, silicone oil, and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         67 . A catalyst mixture for oxidation of a fuel, the catalyst mixture comprising: 
 platinum having a platinum concentration amount;    rhodium having a rhodium concentration amount of between about 1/15 and about 1/4 of the platinum concentration amount;    rhenium having a rhenium concentration amount of between 1/15 and about 1/2 of the platinum concentration amount; and    at least one of Aluminum and Magnesium having a selected amount of between 1/15 and about 1/2 of the platinum concentration amount.    
     
     
         68 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 67 , wherein the rhodium concentration amount and the selected concentration amount are each about 1/8.6 of the platinum concentration amount and the rhenium concentration amount is about 1/6 of the platinum concentration amount.  
     
     
         69 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 66 , the liquid further comprising one or more of HCl, NaCl, and LiCl.  
     
     
         70 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 69 , wherein the liquid comprises approximately 5400 ppm of LiCl by weight.  
     
     
         71 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 66 , wherein the catalyst mixture has a pH of less than about 4.0.  
     
     
         72 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 71 , wherein the catalyst mixture has a pH of between about 1.2 and about 4.0.  
     
     
         73 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 72 , wherein the catalyst mixture has a pH of between about 1.4 and about 3.0.  
     
     
         74 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 66 , wherein the catalyst mixture has a pH of between about 1.6 and about 2.2.  
     
     
         75 . The catalyst mixture of  claim 66 , wherein the catalyst mixture comprises Magnesium.  
     
     
         76 . The catalyst mixture of claim  6 , wherein the catalyst mixture comprises Aluminum.