Power supply for a subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator

Abstract

A power supply for an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for subcutaneous positioning between the third rib and the twelfth rib and for providing cardioversion/defibrillation energy to the heart, the power supply comprising a capacitor subsystem for storing the cardioversion/defibrillation energy for delivery to the patient's heart; and a battery subsystem electrically coupled to the capacitor subsystem for providing electrical energy to the capacitor subsystem.

1 . A power supply for an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for subcutaneous positioning between the third rib and the twelfth rib and for providing cardioversion/defibrillation energy to the heart, the power supply comprising: 
 a capacitor subsystem for storing the cardioversion/defibrillation energy for delivery to the patient's heart; and    a battery subsystem electrically coupled to the capacitor subsystem for providing electrical energy to the capacitor subsystem.    
   
   
       2 . The power supply of  claim 1  , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 0.5 to approximately 350 joules.  
   
   
       3 . The power supply of  claim 2 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 0.5 to approximately 20 joules.  
   
   
       4 . The power supply of  claim 2 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 20 to approximately 40 joules.  
   
   
       5 . The power supply of  claim 2 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 210 to approximately 250 joules.  
   
   
       6 . The power supply of  claim 2 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 250 to approximately 300 joules.  
   
   
       7 . The power supply of  claim 2 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 300 to approximately 350 joules.  
   
   
       8 . The power supply of  claim 1 , wherein the capacitor subsystem has an effective capacitance of approximately 25 microfarads to approximately 200 microfarads.  
   
   
       9 . The power supply of  claim 1 , wherein the capacitor subsystem comprises one or more film capacitor(s).  
   
   
       10 . The power supply of  claim 1 , wherein the capacitor subsystem comprises one or more aluminum electrolytic capacitor(s).  
   
   
       11 . The power supply of  claim 1 , wherein the capacitor subsystem comprises one or more wet tantalum capacitor(s).  
   
   
       12 . The power supply of  claim 1 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiSVO battery(ies).  
   
   
       13 . The power supply of  claim 1 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiMnO 2  battery(ies).  
   
   
       14 . The power supply of  claim 1 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiI 2  battery(ies).  
   
   
       15 . The power supply of  claim 1 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LICF x  battery(ies).  
   
   
       16 . The power supply of  claim 1 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more thin film battery(ies).  
   
   
       17 . A power supply for an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for subcutaneous positioning outside the ribcage and between the third rib and the twelfth rib within a patient and using a lead system that does not directly contact the patient's heart or reside in the intrathoracic blood vessels, and for providing cardioversion/defibrillation energy to the heart, the power supply comprising: 
 a capacitor subsystem for storing the cardioversion/defibrillation energy for delivery to the patient's heart; and    a battery subsystem electrically coupled to the capacitor subsystem for providing electrical energy to the capacitor subsystem.    
   
   
       18 . The power supply of  claim 17 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 0.5 to approximately 350 joules.  
   
   
       19 . The power supply of  claim 18 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 0.5 to approximately 20 joules.  
   
   
       20 . The power supply of  claim 18 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 20 to approximately 40 joules.  
   
   
       21 . The power supply of  claim 18 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 210 to approximately 250 joules.  
   
   
       22 . The power supply of  claim 18 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy of approximately 250 to approximately 300 joules.  
   
   
       23 . The power supply of  claim 18 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 300 to approximately 350 joules.  
   
   
       24 . The power supply of  claim 17 , wherein the capacitor subsystem has an effective capacitance of approximately 25 microfarads to approximately 200 microfarads.  
   
   
       25 . The power supply of  claim 17 , wherein the capacitor subsystem comprises one or more film capacitor(s).  
   
   
       26 . The power supply of  claim 17 , wherein the capacitor subsystem comprises one or more aluminum electrolytic capacitor(s).  
   
   
       27 . The power supply of  claim 17 , wherein the capacitor subsystem comprises one or more wet tantalum capacitor(s).  
   
   
       28 . The power supply of  claim 17 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiSVO battery(ies).  
   
   
       29 . The power supply of  claim 17 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiMnO 2  battery(ies).  
   
   
       30 . The power supply of  claim 17 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiI 2  battery(ies).  
   
   
       31 . The power supply of  claim 17 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiCF x  battery(ies).  
   
   
       32 . The power supply of  claim 17 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more thin film battery(ies).  
   
   
       33 . A voltage output system for an implantable heart stimulator for subcutaneous positioning between the third rib and the twelfth rib within a patient and employing a lead system that does not directly contact the patient's heart or reside in the intrathoracic blood vessels, comprising: 
 an energy storage system for storing electrical energy to generate an electrical stimulation pulse for delivery to the patient's heart; and    an energy source system operably connected to the energy storage system for providing the electrical energy to the energy storage system.    
   
   
       34 . The voltage output system of  claim 33 , wherein the electrical stimulation pulse is approximately 40 to approximately 210 joules.  
   
   
       35 . The voltage output system of  claim 34 , wherein the electrical stimulation pulse is approximately 0.5 to approximately 20 joules.  
   
   
       36 . The voltage output system of  claim 34 , wherein the electrical stimulation pulse is approximately 20 to approximately 40 joules.  
   
   
       37 . The voltage output system of  claim 34 , wherein the electrical stimulation pulse is approximately 210 to approximately 250 joules.  
   
   
       38 . The voltage output system of  claim 34 , wherein the electrical stimulation pulse is approximately 250 to approximately 300 joules.  
   
   
       39 . The voltage output system of  claim 34 , wherein the electrical stimulation pulse is approximately 300 to approximately 350 joules.  
   
   
       40 . The voltage output system of  claim 34 , wherein the energy storage system has an effective capacitance of approximately 25 microfarads to approximately 200 microfarads.  
   
   
       41 . The voltage output system of  claim 33 , wherein the capacitor subsystem comprises one or more film capacitor(s).  
   
   
       42 . The voltage output system of  claim 33 , wherein the capacitor subsystem comprises one or more aluminum electrolytic capacitors(s).  
   
   
       43 . The voltage output system of  claim 33 , wherein the capacitor subsystem comprises one or more wet tantalum capacitor(s).  
   
   
       44 . The voltage output system of  claim 33 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiSVO battery(ies).  
   
   
       45 . The voltage output system of  claim 33 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiMnO 2  battery(ies).  
   
   
       46 . The voltage output system of  claim 33 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiI 2  battery(ies).  
   
   
       47 . The voltage output system of  claim 33 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiCF x  battery(ies).  
   
   
       48 . The voltage output system of  claim 33 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more thin film battery(ies).  
   
   
       49 . An implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for subcutaneous positioning outside the ribcage and between the third rib and the twelfth rib within a patient, the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator comprising: 
 a housing having an electrically conductive surface on an outer surface of the housing;    a lead assembly electrically coupled to the housing and having an electrode, wherein the lead assembly does not directly contact the patient's heart or reside in the intrathoracic blood vessels;    a capacitor subsystem located within the housing and electrically coupled to the electrically conductive surface and the electrode for storing cardioversion/defibrillation energy and for delivering the cardioversion/defibrillation energy to the patient's heart through the electrically conductive surface and the electrode; and    a battery subsystem electrically coupled to the capacitor subsystem for providing the cardioversion/defibrillation energy to the capacitor subsystem.    
   
   
       50 . The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator of  claim 49 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 0.5 to approximately 350 joules.  
   
   
       51 . The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator of  claim 50 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 0.5 to approximately 20 joules.  
   
   
       52 . The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator of  claim 50 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 20 to approximately 40 joules.  
   
   
       53 . The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator of  claim 50 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 210 to approximately 250 joules.  
   
   
       54 . The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator of  claim 50 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy of approximately 250 to approximately 300 joules.  
   
   
       55 . The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator of  claim 50 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 300 to approximately 350 joules.  
   
   
       56 . The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator of  claim 50 , wherein the capacitor subsystem has an effective capacitance of approximately 25 microfarads to approximately 200 microfarads.  
   
   
       57 . The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator of  claim 49 , wherein the capacitor subsystem comprises one or more film capacitor(s).  
   
   
       58 . The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator of  claim 49 , wherein the capacitor subsystem comprises one or more aluminum electrolytic capacitor(s).  
   
   
       59 . The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator of  claim 49 , wherein the capacitor subsystem comprises one or more wet tantalum capacitor(s).  
   
   
       60 . The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator of  claim 49 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiSVO battery(ies).  
   
   
       61 . The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator of  claim 49 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiMnO 2  battery(ies).  
   
   
       62 . The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator of  claim 49 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiI 2  battery(ies).  
   
   
       63 . The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator of  claim 49 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiCF x  battery(ies).  
   
   
       64 . The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator of  claim 49 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more thin film battery(ies).  
   
   
       65 . A method of supplying power for an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for subcutaneous positioning outside the ribcage and between the third rib and the twelfth rib within a patient and using a lead system that does not directly contact the patient's heart or reside in the intrathoracic blood vessels, the method comprising: 
 generating cardioversion/defibrillation energy;    storing the cardioversion/defibrillation energy; and    delivering the cardioversion/defibrillation energy to the patient's heart.    
   
   
       66 . The method of  claim 65 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 0.5 to approximately 350 joules.  
   
   
       67 . The method of  claim 66 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 0.5 to approximately 20 joules.  
   
   
       68 . The method of  claim 66 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 20 to approximately 40 joules.  
   
   
       69 . The method of  claim 66 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 210 to approximately 250 joules.  
   
   
       70 . The method of  claim 66 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy of approximately 250 to approximately 300 joules.  
   
   
       71 . The method of  claim 66 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 300 to approximately 350 joules.  
   
   
       72 . The method of  claim 65 , wherein the energy storage system has an effective capacitance of approximately 25 microfarads to approximately 200 microfarads.  
   
   
       73 . The method of  claim 65 , wherein the capacitor subsystem comprises one or more film capacitor(s).  
   
   
       74 . The method of  claim 65 , wherein the capacitor subsystem comprises one or more aluminum electrolytic capacitor(s).  
   
   
       75 . The method of  claim 65 , wherein the capacitor subsystem comprises one or more wet tantalum capacitor(s).  
   
   
       76 . The method of  claim 65 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiSVO battery(ies).  
   
   
       77 . The method of  claim 65 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiMnO 2  battery(ies).  
   
   
       78 . The method of  claim 65 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiI 2  battery(ies).  
   
   
       79 . The method of  claim 65 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiCF x  battery(ies).  
   
   
       80 . The method of  claim 65 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more thin film battery(ies).  
   
   
       81 . A power supply for an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for subcutaneous positioning outside the ribcage and between the third rib and the twelfth rib within a patient and using a lead system that does not directly contact the patient's heart or resided in the intrathoracic blood vessels, and for providing cardioversion/defibrillation energy to the heart, the method comprising: 
 means for storing the cardioversion/defibrillation energy and delivering the cardioversion/defibrillation energy to the patient's heart;    means for providing cardioversion/defibrillation energy to the means for storing the cardioversion/defibrillation energy.    
   
   
       82 . The power supply of  claim 81 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 0.5 to approximately 350 joules.  
   
   
       83 . The power supply of  claim 82 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 0.5 to approximately 20 joules.  
   
   
       84 . The power supply of  claim 82 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 20 to approximately 40 joules.  
   
   
       85 . The power supply of  claim 82 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 210 to approximately 250 joules.  
   
   
       86 . The power supply of  claim 82 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy of approximately 250 to approximately 300 joules.  
   
   
       87 . The power supply of  claim 82 , wherein the cardioversion/defibrillation energy is approximately 300 to approximately 350 joules.  
   
   
       88 . The power supply of  claim 81 , wherein the means for storing the cardioversion/defibrillation energy has an effective capacitance of approximately 25 microfarads to approximately 200 microfarads.  
   
   
       89 . The power supply of  claim 81 , wherein the capacitor subsystem comprises one or more film capacitor(s).  
   
   
       90 . The power supply of  claim 81 , wherein the capacitor subsystem comprises one or more aluminum electrolytic capacitor(s).  
   
   
       91 . The power supply of  claim 81 , wherein the capacitor subsystem comprises one or more wet tantalum capacitor(s).  
   
   
       92 . The power supply of  claim 81 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiSVO battery(ies).  
   
   
       93 . The power supply of  claim 81 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiMnO 2  battery(ies).  
   
   
       94 . The power supply of  claim 81 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiI 2  battery(ies).  
   
   
       95 . The power supply of  claim 81 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more LiCF x  battery(ies).  
   
   
       96 . The power supply of  claim 81 , wherein the battery subsystem comprises one or more thin film battery(ies).  
   
   
       97 . The power supply of  claim 81 , wherein the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator is positioned subcutaneously between the third and fifth ribs.  
   
   
       98 . The power supply of  claim 81 , wherein the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator is positioned subcutaneously between the fourth and sixth ribs.  
   
   
       99 . The power supply of  claim 81 , wherein the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator is positioned subcutaneously between the sixth and eighth ribs.  
   
   
       100 . The power supply of  claim 81 , wherein the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator is positioned subcutaneously between the eighth and tenth ribs.  
   
   
       101 . The power supply of  claim 81 , wherein the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator is positioned subcutaneously between the tenth and twelfth ribs.  
   
   
       102 . The power supply of  claim 81 , wherein the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator provides anti-tachycardia pacing energy to the heart for treatment of atrial fibrillation.  
   
   
       103 . The power supply of  claim 81 , wherein the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator provides anti-tachycardia pacing energy to the heart for treatment of ventricular tachycardia.