Production of water-free nitrocellulose and explosive substances that have a spheroidal shape

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing shaped explosive substances, in particular for a propellant charge substrate such as spheroidal propellant charge powder, for example, from a stabilized explosive substance, whereby the stabilized explosive substance is first dissolved in a solvent, the stabilizing substance is then removed from the mixture, and particles are shaped from the resulting mixture. The invention further relates to a method for producing a varnish made from a substantially water-free explosive substance.

1 . Method for producing shaped nitrocellulose as explosive substances and propellants, in particular propellant charge substrate such as spheroidal propellant charge powder, for example, from an explosive substance stabilized in particular with water, characterized by the following steps: 
 Dissolving the stabilized explosive substance in a solvent;    Removing the stabilizing substance, in particular water, from the mixture;    Shaping and hardening explosive substance particles, the shaping of the explosive substance particles being carried out or initiated by jet cutting, in which a jet of an explosive substance-solvent mixture or an explosive substance-solvent solution, in particular a varnish made from an explosive substance, is subdivided by use of a separating device into jet segments having a defined and/or adjustable length which fall into a fluid, preferably a fluid in motion, in which the varnish made from an explosive substance is poorly soluble and/or essentially insoluble; and    Collecting the explosive substance particles.    
     
     
         2 . Method according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the stabilizing substance is removed by azeotropic distillation.  
     
     
         3 . Method according to  claim 2 , characterized in that for producing a varnish made from an explosive substance having a predefined viscosity, the solvent is returned to the explosive substance during and/or after the distillation.  
     
     
         4 . Method according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the explosive substance particles are hardened after the jet cutting by stripping the solvent, preferably by applying a vacuum.  
     
     
         5 . Method according to  claim 1 , characterized in that explosive substance particles having a defined porosity are produced, the degree of porosity being adjusted by stabilizing substances, in particular water, introduced and/or remaining in the varnish made from an explosive substance.  
     
     
         6 . Method according to  claim 1 , characterized in that explosive substance particles having a defined particle size are produced in the range of 0.1 mm to 10 mm, preferably in the range of 0.2 mm to 2 mm, and particularly preferably in the range of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm.  
     
     
         7 . Method according to  claim 1 , characterized in that water-containing nitrocellulose is used as stabilized explosive substance and ethyl acetate is used as solvent.  
     
     
         8 . Method for producing a varnish made from an explosive substance having a defined water content, in particular nitrocellulose varnish, for producing shaped explosive substance particles from an explosive substance stabilized in particular with water, the stabilized explosive substance being dissolved in a solvent and the stabilizing substance being removed by azeotropic distillation, characterized in that 
 A defined water content is established in the varnish made from an explosive substance; and    For establishing a predefined viscosity the solvent is returned to the explosive substance during and/or after the distillation.    
     
     
         9 . Use of a varnish made from an explosive substance having a defined water content, in particular nitrocellulose varnish, which is substantially free of stabilizing substances for producing shaped, in particular spherical or spheroidal, explosive substances by jet cutting.  
     
     
         10 . Nitrocellulose varnish for producing explosive substances, composed of at least substantially water-free nitrocellulose and a solvent, characterized in that the nitrocellulose varnish is and remains salt-free, and has a viscosity which allows, in particular by use of the jet cutting method, particles having a predefinable particle size in the range of 0.1 mm to 10 mm, preferably in the range of 0.2 mm to 2 mm, and particularly preferably in the range of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm, to be formed.  
     
     
         11 . Nitrocellulose varnish according to  claim 10 , characterized in that the nitrocellulose varnish contains auxiliary agents, in particular surface-active substances, wetting agents or separating agents, and agents for adjusting the viscosity.  
     
     
         12 - 15 . (cancelled)  
     
     
         16 . Method according to  claim 2 , characterized in that the explosive substance particles are hardened after the jet cutting by stripping the solvent, preferably by applying a vacuum.  
     
     
         17 . Method according to  claim 2 , characterized in that explosive substance particles having a defined porosity are produced, the degree of porosity being adjusted by stabilizing substances, in particular water, introduced and/or remaining in the varnish made from an explosive substance.  
     
     
         18 . Method according to  claim 4 , characterized in that explosive substance particles having a defined porosity are produced, the degree of porosity being adjusted by stabilizing substances, in particular water, introduced and/or remaining in the varnish made from an explosive substance.  
     
     
         19 . Method according to  claim 2 , characterized in that explosive substance particles having a defined particle size are produced in the range of 0.1 mm to 10 mm, preferably in the range of 0.2 mm to 2 mm, and particularly preferably in the range of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm.  
     
     
         20 . Method according to  claim 4 , characterized in that explosive substance particles having a defined particle size are produced in the range of 0.1 mm to 10 mm, preferably in the range of 0.2 mm to 2 mm, and particularly preferably in the range of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm.  
     
     
         21 . Method according to  claim 5 , characterized in that explosive substance particles having a defined particle size are produced in the range of 0.1 mm to 10 nun, preferably in the range of 0.2 mm to 2 mm, and particularly preferably in the range of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm.  
     
     
         22 . Method according to  claim 2 , characterized in that water-containing nitrocellulose is used as stabilized explosive substance and ethyl acetate is used as solvent.  
     
     
         23 . Method according to  claim 4 , characterized in that water-containing nitrocellulose is used as stabilized explosive substance and ethyl acetate is used as solvent.  
     
     
         24 . Method according to  claim 6 , characterized in that water-containing nitrocellulose is used as stabilized explosive substance and ethyl acetate is used as solvent.