Equipment and process to finish fabrics in general

Abstract

“EQUIPMENT AND PROCESS TO FINISH FABRICS IN GENERAL” comprised of a bath tank ( 3 ) that may be filled with a treatment liquid such as a bleacher, dyeing agent or washing liquid that can be adjusted to a fabric (T) conveyance means. In the circulation direction, at the rear of the bath tank ( 3 ) exit, there are squeezing rolls ( 6 ) or suction devices, to which the fabric to be squeezed or suctioned from the bath liquid is conveyed. After that there are guides on which the humid fabric may be placed on a return belt. ( 7 A). In the latter, the fabric circulates more slowly so that it is accumulatively placed on the belt ( 7 A). At the end of the return belt exit ( 7 A), additional guides are connected ( 11 ) to allow the fabric (T) to return to the bath tank ( 3 ) or to allow the bath to be ended and the fabric to be taken to the plaiter unit ( 8 ).

1 . A process for finishing fabric characterized by the fact that fabric (T) is accumulatively conveyed in a treatment bath tank ( 3 ) and is conveyed in the bath tank itself ( 3 ) after which the fabric (T) is removed from that bath tank so that the liquid can be extracted by squeezing rolls ( 6 ) and then conveyed to a new finishing cycle through a return belt ( 7 A), or simply end such finishing, and subsequent removal from the equipment by a plaiter unit ( 8 ).  
     
     
         2 . A process for finishing fabric as per  claim 1 , characterized by the fact that the amount of fabric (T) passing in the bath tank ( 3 ) is commanded by a signalizer ( 4 ), responsible for synchronism and motion of the fabric in the bath tank ( 3 ).  
     
     
         3 . A process for finishing fabric as per  claim 1 , characterized by the fact that the fabric (T) goes through a selvedge uncurling cylinder ( 5 ) both at the equipment entry, through a feeding unit ( 1 ) and after the bath tank ( 3 ) exit, through the selvedge uncurling cylinder ( 5 ).  
     
     
         4 . A process for finishing fabric as per  claim 3 , characterized by the fact that the excess of liquid of the bath tank ( 3 ) contained in the fabric (T) is discarded with the help of squeezing rolls ( 6 ), when the fabric (T) has gone through the selvedge uncurling cylinder ( 5 ) and the centralization device ( 13 ).  
     
     
         5 . A process for finishing fabric as per  claim 1 , characterized by the fact that the fabric (T), before the first contact with the bath itself, receives the bath liquid through aspersors ( 2 A).  
     
     
         6 . A process for finishing fabric as per  claim 1 , characterized by the fact that the fabric (T) is introduced in the bath tank ( 3 ) through a slide and/or rounded area ( 10 ).  
     
     
         7 . A process for finishing fabric as per  claim 1 , characterized by the fact that the fabric (T) is accumulatively conveyed in the bath tank ( 3 ) and is allowed to float under the conveyor belt ( 3 A).  
     
     
         8 . A process for finishing fabric as per  claim 1 , characterized by the fact that, optionally, the fabric (T) accumulated in the bath tank ( 3 ) can be conveyed with the help of a circulating current and/or present a back-forward movement between the fabric and the bath, which is promoted by the belt itself ( 3 A) in which the fabric, in a static bath, accelerates and stops, being iteratively conveyed.  
     
     
         9 . A process for finishing fabric as per  claim 1 , characterized by the fact that, optionally, the bath tank ( 3 ) and/or the conveyor belt ( 3 A) are provided with vibration.  
     
     
         10 . A process for finishing fabric as per  claim 1 , characterized by the fact that, optionally, the fabric that accumulates on the return belt ( 7 A) is enclosed, thermally conditioned and chemically controlled through the introduction of gases in the return belt ( 7 A) area.  
     
     
         11 . A process for finishing fabric as per  claim 1 , characterized by the fact that, optionally, the fabric (T) can be removed from the bath tank ( 3 ) so that the liquid can be extracted by means of suction devices.  
     
     
         12 . Apparatus for finishing fabric comprising a structure (E) provided with a bath tank ( 3 ) that is internally provided with a conveyor belt ( 3 A) that is provided with at least one signalizer ( 4 ); provided after the belt ( 3 A) are squeezing rolls ( 6 ) and PLC-oriented sensors that establish the end of the process or the return to one or more finishing cycles for the fabric (T); a unit ( 7 ) comprised of a return belt ( 7 A) is foreseen and at the rear part of the equipment a plaiter unit ( 8 ).  
     
     
         13 . Apparatus for finishing fabric as per  claim 12 , characterized for presenting in its structure (E) a selvedge uncurling cylinder ( 5 ) both at the equipment entry in the feeding unit ( 1 ) and after the bath tank exit ( 3 ), through the selvedge uncurling cylinder ( 5 ).  
     
     
         14 . Apparatus for finishing fabric as per  claim 12 , characterized for being provided with a feeding unit ( 1 ) comprised of tension, centralization and selvedge uncurling cylinders, and in sequence, for being provided with at least one cylinder ( 2 ) that can be perforated and by at least one unit of aspersors ( 2   a ).  
     
     
         15 . Apparatus for finishing fabric as per  claim 12 , characterized for being provided with general monitoring and synchronism carried out by capacitive PLC-oriented sensors which, in turn, command all equipment movement during its work cycle.  
     
     
         16 . Apparatus for finishing fabric as per  claim 12 , characterized by the fact that the entry of the bath tank ( 3 ) is provided with a slide and/or rounded area ( 10 ).  
     
     
         17 . Apparatus for finishing fabric as per  claim 12 , characterized by the fact that, optionally, the bath tank ( 3 ) and/or conveyor belt ( 3 A) present a vibration generator.  
     
     
         18 . Apparatus for finishing fabric as per  claim 12 , characterized by the fact that, optionally, the fabric (T) conveyance means or conveyor belt ( 3 A) present one or more blades or adequate profiles to convey the fabric.  
     
     
         19 . Apparatus for finishing fabric as per  claim 12 , characterized for the lower part of bath tank ( 3 ) being provided with a heat exchanger.  
     
     
         20 . Apparatus for finishing fabric as per  claim 12 , characterized for, optionally, presenting a pressure variation system on the squeezing rolls ( 6 ) so that, regardless of the physical characteristic of the fabrics, one can obtain pre-defined squeezing values (residual humidity).  
     
     
         21 . Apparatus for finishing fabric as per  claim 12 , characterized by the fact that, optionally, the conveyance of the fabric (T) accumulated in the bath tank ( 3 ) may also be done by fluctuation on a second lower conveyor belt which may present one or more blades or adequate profiles to facilitate the conveyance of the fabric.  
     
     
         22 . Apparatus for finishing fabric comprising a structure (E) that is provided with a bath tank ( 3 ), squeezing rolls ( 6 ) or and PLC-oriented sensors that establish the end of the process or the return to one or more fabric (T) finishing cycles, where a return belt ( 7 A) is foreseen and a plaiter unit ( 8 ) at the extreme end of the equipment.  
     
     
         23 . Apparatus for finishing fabric as per  claim 22 , comprising, at the equipment entry, a feeding unit ( 1 ) and after the bath tank ( 3 ), selvedge uncurling cylinders ( 5 ), squeezing rolls ( 6 ) and guides ( 11 ).  
     
     
         24 . Apparatus for finishing fabric comprising a structure (E) that presents a vertical tilted bath tank ( 3 ) provided with a belt ( 3 A), after which squeezing rolls ( 6 ) and PLC-oriented sensors are located; the latter establishes the end of the process or the return to one or more finishing cycles for the fabric (T); a return belt ( 7 A) is foreseen and at the extreme end of the equipment a plaiter unit ( 8 ).  
     
     
         25 . Apparatus for finishing fabric as per  claim 24 , comprising a feeding unit ( 1 ) at the equipment entry and squeezing rolls ( 6 ) after the bath tank ( 3 ).  
     
     
         26 . Apparatus for finishing fabric as per  claim 24 , characterized for being provided with blowing nozzles ( 14 ), to blow tubular fabric, before the squeezing rolls ( 6 ).  
     
     
         27 . Apparatus for finishing fabric comprising a structure (E) in autoclave tank form ( 15 ) that presents a bath tank ( 3 ) and a return belt ( 7 A) in rounded shape, comprising an immersion cylinder ( 16 ), after which one will find squeezing rolls ( 6 ) and PLC-oriented sensors that establish the end of the process or the return to one or more fabric (T) finishing cycles, where a return belt ( 7 A) is foreseen and a plaiter unit ( 8 ) at the extreme end of the equipment.  
     
     
         28 . Apparatus for finishing fabric as per  claim 27 , characterized for presenting in its structure (E) a selvedge uncurling cylinder ( 5 ) both at the equipment entry, in the feeding unit ( 1 ), and after the bath tank exit ( 3 ), through the selvedge uncurling cylinder ( 5 ).  
     
     
         29 . Apparatus for finishing fabric as per  claim 27 , characterized by the fact that, optionally, structure (E) is provided with suction devices ( 6 ) after the belt ( 3 A).