Method for producing an anion-exchanging mineral and use of said mineral

Abstract

A layered double hydroxide (LDH) includes at least one intermediate layer, and M II surrounded by OH − , with replacement of the bivalent metal ions by M III producing an excess of positive charge, balanced by anions A n− in the intermediate layer, wherein M II dennotes a divalent metal ion or 2 LI, M III dennotes a trivalent metal ion. The LDH can be used in mixtures and preparations such as auxiliary materials, additives, seeds, seedlings, or propagation materials. Also it is possible to use the LDH in a method of nitrate removal in purification of water.

1 - 8 . (Cancelled)  
     
     
         9 . A layered double hydroxide (LDH) according to  claim 20 ,  
       in which 
 M II  is Ca, Mg, Fe, Ni, Zn, Co, Cu, Mn, or 2 Li,  
 M III  is Al, Fe, Cr or Mn,  
 A n−  is nitrate, sulfate, chloride or hydroxide.  
 
     
     
         10 . The LDH of  claim 9 , wherein the LDH contains up to about 30% by weight nitrate ions.  
     
     
         11 . A mixture comprising an LDH according to  claim 9  in combination with auxiliary materials and additives.  
     
     
         12 . A mixture comprising an LDH according to  claim 9  to which is added an ordinary mixed fertilizer and optionally other fertilizer additives.  
     
     
         13 . A preparation comprising an LDH according to  claim 9 , with at least one selected from seeds, seedlings, or propagation material.  
     
     
         14 . A preparation according to  claim 13 , characterized in that the propagation material, seeds, or seedlings in the preparation are coated with the LDH and optionally with other additives.  
     
     
         15 . A preparation according to wherein the LDH is present in liquid form or in solid form.  
     
     
         16 - 17 . (cancelled)  
     
     
         18 . The LDH of  claim 9 , wherein the LDH is essentially carbonate-free 
 the divalent metal ion is Ca, Mg, Fe, Ni, Zn, Co, Cu, or Mn,    the trivalent metal ion is Al, Fe, Cr or Mn,    the anion is sulfate, hydroxide, chloride or nitrate.    
     
     
         19 . The LDH of  claim 15 , wherein the solid form is a granulate, a powder or a prill.  
     
     
         20 . An LDH comprising 
 at least one intermediate layer, and    M II  surrounded by OH − , with replacement of the bivalent metal ions by M III  producing an excess of positive charge, balanced by anions A n−  in the intermediate layer, wherein    M II  denotes a divalent metal ion or 2 Li, and    M III  denotes a trivalent metal ion.    
     
     
         21 . The LDH of  claim 20 , wherein the LDH is essentially carbonate-free, and in which 
 the divalent metal ion is Ca, Mg, Fe, Ni, Zn, Co, Cu or Mn;    the trivalent metal ion is Al, Fe, Cr or Mn;    the anion is sulfate, hydroxide or chloride.    
     
     
         22 . A method of nitrate removal in purification of water followed by a method of uniform supplying arable land with nitrogen in form of nitrate, comprising the steps of 
 contacting the water with layered double hydroxides (LDHs) that reversibly exchange nitrate wherein the LDHs comprise at least one intermediate layer, and    M II  surrounded by OH − , with replacement of the bivalent metal ions by M III  producing an excess of positive charge, balanced by anions A n−  in the intermediate layer, wherein    M II  denotes a divalent metal ion or 2 Li,    M III  denotes a trivalent metal ion,    A n−  denotes an anion bound in the intermediate layer; and 
 applying the LDHs that reversibly exchange nitrate as fertilizer and soil conditioner for the uniform supplying of arable land with nitrogen in the form of nitrate,  
 wherein both the contacting and applying steps are performed using the same LDHs.  
   
     
     
         23 . A composition comprising layered double hydroxides (LDHs) according to  claim 20 , wherein the LDHs contain anions exchangeably bound in intermediate layers.  
     
     
         24 . The composition of  claim 23 , wherein the LDHs are substantially carbonate-free, and in which 
 the divalent metal ion is Ca, Mg, Fe, Ni, Zn, Co, Cu or Mn;    the trivalent metal ion is Al, Fe, Cr or Mn;    the anion is sulfate, hydroxide, chloride or nitrate.    
     
     
         25 . The LDH of  claim 20 , wherein A n−  is nitrate.  
     
     
         26 . The LDH of  claim 20 , wherein A n−  is sulfate.  
     
     
         27 . The LDH of  claim 20 , wherein A n−  is chloride.  
     
     
         28 . The LDH of  claim 20 , wherein A n−  is hydroxide.