Electrodes coated with treating agent and uses thereof
Abstract
An object of the invention is to provide a method for delivery of macromolecules into biological cells in the tissues of a patient and includes the steps of: (a) providing electrodes ( 16 ) in an electrode assembly ( 12 ), wherein the electrodes have fixed electrode surfaces ( 42 ) which are coated with at least one static layer of electrode releasable molecules ( 44 ) to be delivered; (b) providing a waveform generator ( 15 ) for generating electric fields; (c) establishing electrically conductive pathways between the electrodes ( 16 ) and the waveform generator ( 15 ); (d) locating the electrodes ( 16 ) such that the biological cells are situated therebetween, and (g) providing electric fields in the form of pulse waveforms from the waveform generator ( 15 ) to the electrodes ( 16 ), such that molecules in the at least one static layer of the electrode releasable molecules ( 44 ) on the electrodes ( 16 ) are delivered into the biological cells. The electrode releasable molecules ( 44 ) can be either electric field separable molecules and/or solvent separable material. Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention. The static-coated electrode assembly ( 12 ) can be provided in a sterile package ( 24 ), from which the electrode assembly ( 12 ) is removed prior to use. The statically-coated electrode assembly ( 12 ) can be in a form of a disposable assembly ( 12 ) which is removable and replaceable from an electrode assembly holder ( 13 ).
Claims
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25 . An electrode which includes a coating having at least one static layer of electrode releasable molecules to be delivered into biological cells:
26 . A plurality of electrodes of claim 25 which form an electrode assembly.
27 . The electrode assembly of claim 26 wherein said plurality of electrodes are arranged in at least two parallel rows of electrodes.
28 . The electrode assembly of claim 27 wherein said parallel rows of electrodes include needle electrodes.
29 . The electrode of claim 25 wherein said molecules in said static coating are in a solid phase.
30 . The electrode of claim 25 wherein said molecules in said static coating are in a gel.
31 . The electrode of claim 25 wherein said electrode includes a fixed electrode surface which is coated with said static layer of electrode releasable molecules.
32 . The electrode of claim 31 wherein:
said fixed electrode surface 42 includes a fixed surface matrix, and
said molecules in said static coating are in a liquid fixed on said fixed surface matrix.
33 . The electrode of claim 31 wherein said fixed electrode surface includes solid surface particles.
34 . The electrode of claim 33 wherein said solid surface particles are metal particles.
35 . The electrode of claim 31 wherein said fixed electrode surface includes a liposome matrix.
36 . The electrode of claim 31 wherein said fixed electrode surface includes a solid polymer matrix.
37 . The electrode of claim 25 wherein said molecules in said static coating are macromolecules.
38 . The electrode of claim 25 wherein said macromolecules in said static coating include a polynucleotide vaccine.
39 . The electrode of claim 25 wherein said macromolecules in said static coating include a solid phase polynucleotide vaccine.
40 . The electrode of claim 25 wherein said macromolecules in said static coating include a DNA vaccine.
41 . The electrode of claim 25 wherein said macromolecules in said static coating include a solid phase DNA vaccine.
42 . The electrode of claim 25 wherein said macromolecules in said static coating include an RNA vaccine.
43 . The electrode of claim 25 wherein said macromolecules in said static coating include a solid phase RNA vaccine.
44 . The electrode of claim 25 wherein said macromolecules in said static coating include a protein-based vaccine.
45 . The electrode of claim 25 wherein said macromolecules in said static coating include a solid phase protein-based vaccine.
46 . The electrode of claim 25 wherein said macromolecules in said static coating include an organ treating agent.
47 . The electrode of claim 46 wherein said organ treating agent includes a deep tissue tumor treating agent.
48 . The electrode of claim 25 which is in a form of a needle electrode.
49 . The electrode of claim 25 , wherein coating of said electrode with said static layer of molecules to be delivered to the biological cells is carried out by the following steps:
preparing a liquid medium in which a quantity of said molecules are carried, contacting said electrode with the prepared medium, and removing said electrode from the medium and drying off the medium, such that a static coating of said molecules remains on said electrode.
50 . The electrode of claim 25 wherein coating of said electrode with said static layer of molecules to be delivered to the biological cells is carried out by the following steps:
preparing a liquid medium in which a quantity of said molecules are carried,
contacting said electrode with the prepared medium,
applying pulse waveforms to said electrode, such that a portion of said molecules are bound to said electrode, and
removing said electrode from the medium and drying off the medium, such that a coating of said molecules remains on said electrode.
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