US2004197659A1PendingUtilityA1

Lithium metal oxides

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Assignee: NANOGRAM CORPPriority: Jun 19, 2000Filed: Apr 19, 2004Published: Oct 7, 2004
Est. expiryJun 19, 2020(expired)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Inventors:Sujeet KumarCraig R. Horne
C01G 51/42C01P 2002/54C01P 2002/72H01M 4/505C01G 53/42C01P 2004/51H01M 10/052C01G 53/52C01G 23/005C01P 2004/04C01G 51/52C01P 2006/40H01M 4/485H01M 2004/021H01M 4/131C01P 2004/64H01M 4/525H01M 2004/027B82Y 30/00H01M 4/04Y10T29/49108Y02E60/10
47
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Claims

Abstract

Lithium metal oxide particles have been produced having average diameters less than about 100 nm. Composite metal oxides of particular interest include, for example, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium titanium oxides and derivatives thereof. These nanoparticles composite metal oxides can be used as electroactive particles in lithium or lithium ion batteries. Batteries of particular interest include lithium titanium oxide in the negative electrode and lithium cobalt manganese oxide in the positive electrode.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
What is claimed is:  
     
         1 . A collection of particles comprising lithium cobalt oxide or derivatives thereof, the collection of particles having an average diameter less than about 100 nm.  
     
     
         2 . The collection of particles of  claim 1  wherein the lithium cobalt oxide or derivatives thereof comprise a substituted lithium cobalt oxide with another metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Mn, B, Al, Mg, Ba, Sr, Ca, Cr, Fe, V, Ti and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         3 . The collection of particles of  claim 1  wherein the lithium cobalt oxide or derivatives thereof comprise a substituted lithium cobalt oxide with a stoichiometry of LiCo 1−y Me y O 2 , 0<y≦0.5, where Me is Ni, Mn, Al or combinations thereof.  
     
     
         4 . The collection of particles of  claim 1  wherein the lithium cobalt oxide or derivatives thereof comprise a substituted lithium cobalt oxide with a stoichiometry of Li 2 CoMnO 4 .  
     
     
         5 . The collection of particles of  claim 1  wherein the lithium cobalt oxide or derivatives thereof comprise a substituted lithium cobalt oxide with a stoichiometry of Li 2 CoNiO 4 .  
     
     
         6 . The collection of particles of  claim 1  wherein the lithium cobalt oxide or derivatives thereof comprise a substituted lithium cobalt oxide with a stoichiometry of Li 2 CoAlO 2 .  
     
     
         7 . The collection of particles of  claim 1  having an average diameter from about 5 nm to about 25 nm.  
     
     
         8 . The collection of particles of  claim 1  wherein the collection of particles have a distribution of particle sizes such that at least about 95 percent of the particles have a diameter greater than about 40 percent of the average diameter and less than about 160 percent of the average diameter.  
     
     
         9 . The collection of particles of  claim 1  wherein effectively no particles have a diameter greater than about three times the average diameter of the collection of particles.  
     
     
         10 . A battery comprising a cathode, the cathode comprising the collection of particles of  claim 1 .  
     
     
         11 . A collection of particles comprising lithium nickel oxide or derivatives thereof, the collection of particles having an average diameter less than about 100 nm.  
     
     
         12 . The collection of particles of  claim 11  wherein the lithium nickel oxide or derivatives thereof comprise a substituted lithium nickel metal oxide wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of Mn, B, Co, Al, Mg, Ba, Sr, Ca, Cr, Fe, V, Ti and combinations thereof.  
     
     
         13 . The collection of particles of  claim 11  wherein the lithium nickel oxide or derivatives thereof comprise lithium nickel aluminum oxide.  
     
     
         14 . The collection of particles of  claim 11  wherein the lithium nickel oxide or derivatives thereof comprises Li x Ni 1−y Me y O 2 , wherein Me is Mn, B, Co, Al, Mg, Ga, Ba, Sr, Ca, Cr, Fe, V, Ti or combinations thereof and wherein 0.8≦x≦1.  
     
     
         15 . The collection of particles of  claim 14  wherein 0≦y≦0.2.  
     
     
         16 . The collection of particles of  claim 14  wherein M is Co and wherein 0≦y≦0.5.  
     
     
         17 . The collection of particles of  claim 11  wherein the particles have an average diameter of from about 5 nm to about 25 nm.  
     
     
         18 . The collection of particles of  claim 11  wherein the collection of particles have a distribution of particle sizes such that at least about 95 percent of the particles have a diameter greater than about 40 percent of the average diameter and less than about 160 percent of the average diameter.  
     
     
         19 . The collection of particles of  claim 11  wherein effectively no particles have a diameter greater than about three times the average diameter of the collection of particles.  
     
     
         20 . A battery comprising a cathode, the cathode comprising the collection of particles of  claim 11 .  
     
     
         21 . A collection of particles comprising lithium titanium oxide or derivatives thereof, wherein the collection of particles have an average diameter less than about 100 nm.  
     
     
         22 . The collection of particles of  claim 21  wherein the lithium titanium oxide or derivatives thereof comprises LiTi 2 O 4 .  
     
     
         23 . The collection of particles of  claim 21  wherein the lithium titanium oxide or derivatives thereof comprises LiTiAlO 4 .  
     
     
         24 . The collection of particles of  claim 21  wherein the lithium titanium oxide or derivatives thereof comprises LiTi 2−y Al y O 4 , 0<y≦1.  
     
     
         25 . The collection of particles of  claim 21  wherein the lithium titanium oxide or derivatives thereof comprises Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 .  
     
     
         26 . The collection of particles of  claim 21  wherein the lithium titanium oxide or derivatives thereof comprises Li 1+x Ti 2−x O 4 , 0≦x≦⅓.  
     
     
         27 . The collection of particles of  claim 25  wherein 0.01≦x≦0.25.  
     
     
         28 . The collection of particles of  claim 21  wherein the lithium titanium oxide or derivatives thereof comprises Li 4 Ti 3 Al 2 O 12 .  
     
     
         29 . The collection of particles of  claim 21  wherein the lithium titanium oxide or derivatives thereof comprises Li 4 Ti 5−y Al y O 12 , 0<y≦2.  
     
     
         30 . The collection of particles of  claim 21  wherein the particles have an average diameter from about 5 nm to about 25 nm.  
     
     
         31 . The collection of particles of  claim 21  wherein the collection of particles have a distribution of particle sizes such that at least about 95 percent of the particles have a diameter greater than about 40 percent of the average diameter and less than about 160 percent of the average diameter.  
     
     
         32 . The collection of particles of  claim 21  wherein effectively no particles have a diameter greater than about three times the average diameter of the collection of particles.  
     
     
         33 . A battery comprising a anode, the anode comprising the collection of particles of  claim 21 .  
     
     
         34 . A battery comprising an anode and a cathode, the anode comprising lithium titanium oxide and the cathode comprising lithium manganese cobalt oxide.  
     
     
         35 . The battery of  claim 34  wherein the lithium titanium oxide comprises LiTi 2 O 4 .  
     
     
         36 . The battery of  claim 34  wherein the lithium titanium oxide comprises Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 .  
     
     
         37 . The battery of  claim 34  wherein the lithium manganese cobalt oxide comprises Li x MnCoO 4 , x≦1.  
     
     
         38 . The battery of  claim 34  wherein the lithium manganese cobalt oxide comprises LiMnCoO 4 .  
     
     
         39 . The battery of  claim 34  wherein the lithium titanium oxide comprises a collection of particles with an average diameter less than about 100 nm.  
     
     
         40 . The battery of  claim 34  wherein the lithium titanium oxide comprises a collection of particles with an average diameter from about 5 nm to about 25 nm.  
     
     
         41 . The battery of  claim 34  wherein the lithium manganese cobalt oxide comprises a collection of particles with an average diameter less than about 100 nm.  
     
     
         42 . The battery of  claim 34  wherein the lithium manganese cobalt oxide comprises a collection of particles with an average diameter from about 5 nm to about 25 nm.

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