Production of molded articles for lithium ion batteries

Abstract

A method for producing a molded article, preferably a sheet-type molded article, which method comprises the following stage: I) Compounding and melt extrusion of a mixture I which comprises a blend II which contains: a) from 1 to 95 wt % of at least one pigment III having a primary particle size of from 5 nm to 20 mm which is selected from the group consisting of an electrochemically inert solid IIIa, a compound IIIb which during charging is able to give off lithium ions, and a compound IIIc which during charging is able to take up lithium ions, and a mixture of the solid Ma with the compound IIIb or the compound IIIc, b) from 5 to 99 wt % of at least one polymeric binder IV, and c) from 0 to 200 wt %, based on the total amount of the components a) and b), at least one plasticizer V, wherein the proportion by weight of the blend II in the mixture I is from 1 to 100 wt %, and wherein mixtures I comprising blends II containing, as the polymeric binder IV, a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride (VdF) and hexafluoropropylene (HFP) having an HFP content of from 8 to 25 wt % and, as the plasticizer V, a compound selected from the group consisting of dibutyl phthalate, dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, tris(butoxyethyl)phosphate, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, trimethyl trimellitate and mixtures thereof are excluded.

1 - 13  (canceled)  
     
     
         14 . Method of using a molded article, produced by a method comprising the following stage: 
 I) compounding and melt extrusion of a mixture I which comprises a blend II which contains: 
 a) from 1 to 95 wt.-% of at least one pigment III having a primary particle size of from 5 nm to 20μm which is selected from the group consisting of an electrochemically inert solid IIIa,  
 b) from 5 to 99wt.-% of at least one polymeric binder IV, and  
 c) from 1 to 200 wt.-%, based on the total amount of the components a) and b), at least one plasticizer V,  
   wherein the proportion by weight of the blend II in the mixture I is from 1 to 100 wt.-%, wherein mixtures I comprising blends II containing, as the polymeric binder IV, a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride (VdF) and hexafluoropropylene (HFP) having an HFP content of from 8 to 25 wt.-% and, as the plasticizer V, a compound selected from the group consisting of dibutyl phthalate, dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, tris(butoxyethyl) phosphate, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, trimethyl trimellitate and mixtures thereof are excluded for the manufacture of an electrochromic window.    
     
     
         15 . A method as claimed in  claim 14 , wherein the pigment III is a solid IIIa which is selected from the group consisting of an inorganic solid, selected from the group consisting of oxides, mixed oxides, silicates, sulfates, carbonates, phosphates, nitrides, amides, imides and carbides of the element of the I st , II nd , III rd  or IV th  main group of the IV th  subgroup of the Periodic Table of the Elements.  
     
     
         16 . A method as claimed in  claim 14 , wherein the pigment III is an oxide or a mixed oxide.  
     
     
         17 . A method as claimed in  claim 15 , wherein the pigment III is an oxide or a mixed oxide.  
     
     
         18 . A method as claimed in  claim 16 , wherein the oxide or mixed oxide is selected from silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide or titanium dioxide, or mixed oxides of the element silicon, calcium, aluminum, magnesium or titanium.  
     
     
         19 . A method as claimed in  claim 17 , wherein the oxide or mixed oxide is selected from the group silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide or titanium dioxide, or mixed oxides of the element silicon, calcium, aluminum, magnesium or titanium.  
     
     
         20 . A method as claimed in  claim 14 , wherein the pigment III is a solid IIIa which is selected from the group consisting of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, poly(tetrafluoroethylene), poly(vinylidene fluoride), polyamides, polyimides, and a solid dispersion containing a polymer of this type and the mixture of two or more thereof.  
     
     
         21 . A method as claimed in  claim 14 , wherein the pigment III has a primary particle size from 5 nm to 5 microns.  
     
     
         22 . A method as claimed in  claim 15 , wherein the pigment III has a primary particle size from 5 nm to 5 microns.  
     
     
         23 . A method as claimed in  claim 20 , wherein the pigment III has a primary particle size from 5 nm to 5 microns.  
     
     
         24 . A method as claimed in claimed in  claim 14 , wherein the polymeric binder IV is selected from the group of homopolymers, block polymers or copolymers IVa (polymers IVa) which can be obtained by the polymerization of 
 b1) from 5 to 100 wt.-% based on the polymer IVa, of a condensation product VI of 
 α) at least one compound VII which is able to react with a carboxylic acid or a sulfonic acid or a derivative or a mixture of two or more of these, and  
 β) at least one mole per mole of the compound VII of a carboxylic acid or sulfonic acid VIII which has at least one free radical polymerizable functional group or of a derivative thereof or of a mixture of two or more of these and  
 b2) from 0 to 95 wt.-% based on the polymer IVa of a further compound IX having a mean molecular weight (number average) of at least 5,000 comprising polyether segments in the main chain or a side chain.  
   
     
     
         25 . A method as claimed in  claim 24 , wherein the compound VII is a mono- or polyhydric alcohol, whose main chain contains exclusively carbon atoms.  
     
     
         26 . A method as claimed in  claim 24 , wherein the carboxylic acid or sulfonic acid VIII or the derivative thereof is an α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof.  
     
     
         27 . A method as claimed in  claim 24 , wherein the content of the compound IX in the polymer IVa is 0% by weight based on the polymer IVa.  
     
     
         28 . A method as claimed in  claim 14 , wherein the polymeric binder IV is selected from the group of homopolymers, block polymers or copolymers IVb (polymers IVb), obtainable by polymerization of 
 b1) from 5 to 75 wt.-% based on the polymer IVb of an unsaturated compound X which is capable of free radical polymerization and differs from the above carboxylic acid or the sulfonic acid VIII or a derivative thereof, or a mixture of two or more of these and    b2) from 25 to 95 wt.-% based on the polymer IVb of a further compound IX, having a mean molecular weight (number average) of at least 5,000 and comprising polyether segments in the main chain or side chain as a polymeric binder.    
     
     
         29 . A method as claimed in  claim 28 , wherein the compound X is selected from the group consisting of olefinic hydrocarbons, halogen contain olefinic compound, vinyl alcohols, vinyl acetate, aromatic olefinic compounds, vinyl ethers, or mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         30 . A method as claimed in  claim 14 , wherein the polymeric binder IV is selected from homopolymers, block polymers and copolymers prepared from olefinic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid esters, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, N-methyl-pyrrolidone, N-vinyl imidazole, vinyl acetate, vinyl ethers, halogen-containing olefinic compounds, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine or vinylene carbonate.  
     
     
         31 . A method as claimed in  claim 14 , wherein the polymeric binder IV is selected from polycarbonates, polyurethanes, polyesterols, polyamines, polysiloxanes, polyphosphazenes, or polyetherols.  
     
     
         32 . An electrochromic window comprising a molded article produced by a method comprising the following stage: 
 I) compounding and melt extrusion of a mixture I which comprises a blend II which contains: 
 a) from 1 to 95 wt.-% of at lest one pigment III having a primary particle size of from 5 nm to 20 μm which is selected from the group consisting of an electrochemically inert solid IIIa,  
 b) from 5 to 99 wt.-% of at least one polymeric binder IV, and  
 c) from 1 to 200 wt.-%, based on the total amount of the components a) and b), at last one plasticizer Vi,  
   wherein the proportion by weight of the blend II in the mixture I is from 1 to 100 wt.-%, and    wherein mixtures I comprising blends II containing, as the polymeric binder IV, a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride (VdF) and hexafluoropropylene (HFP) having a HFP content of from 8 to 25 wt.-% and, as the plasticizer V, a compound selected from the group consisting of dibutyl phthalate, dimethylphthalate, diethyl phthalate, tris(butoxyethyl) phosphate, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, trimethyl trimellitate and mixtures thereof are excluded.    
     
     
         33 . A method as claimed in  claim 14 , wherein the molded article is a sheet-type molded article.