Liquid crystal display

Abstract

Disclosed is a liquid crystal display comprising a first substrate including a first electrode; a second substrate including a second electrode, the second substrate being arranged substantially in parallel with the first substrate and with a predetermined gap therebetween; a liquid crystal layer formed by injecting liquid crystal material between the first and second substrates, long axes of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer being arranged vertically to the first substrate and the second substrate; and first and second orientation layers formed on the first substrate and the second substrate, respectively, and providing an orientation force to the liquid crystal molecules such that the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules are slanted or twisted by 0 to 10°.

What is claimed is:  
     
         1 . A liquid crystal display, comprising: 
 a first substrate including a first electrode;    a second substrate including a second electrode, said second substrate being arranged substantially in parallel with said first substrate and with a predetermined gap therebetween;    a liquid crystal layer formed by injecting liquid crystal material between said first substrate and said second substrate, long axes of liquid crystal molecules of said liquid crystal layer being arranged vertically to said first substrate and said second substrate;    a first orientation layer formed on said first substrate, and arranging the liquid crystal molecules such that the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules are slanted or twisted by 0 to 10; and    a second orientation layer formed on said second substrate and arranging the liquid crystal molecules such that the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules are slanted or twisted by 0 to 10°.    
     
     
         2 . The liquid crystal display of  claim 1 , wherein orientation directions of said first orientation layer and said second orientation layer are identical.  
     
     
         3 . The liquid crystal display of  claim 1 , wherein orientation directions of said first orientation layer and said second orientation layer are different.  
     
     
         4 . The liquid crystal display of  claim 1 , wherein the liquid crystal layer has a negative dielectric anisotropy.  
     
     
         5 . The liquid crystal display of  claim 1 , wherein a polarizing film for polarizing light is provided on outer surfaces of each of said first substrate and said second substrate.  
     
     
         6 . The liquid crystal display of  claim 5 , wherein a light transmission axis of polarizing film on said first substrate is either perpendicular to or parallel to a light transmission axis of polarizing film on said second substrate.  
     
     
         7 . The liquid crystal display of  claim 1 , wherein the first electrode is patterned in a slit configuration in a single direction.  
     
     
         8 . The liquid crystal display of  claim 7 , wherein the first electrode is arranged in a direction corresponding to an orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules.  
     
     
         9 . The liquid crystal display of  claim 7 , wherein the first electrode is arranged in a direction that is different from an orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules.  
     
     
         10 . The liquid crystal display of  claim 9 , wherein an angle between a longitudinal direction of the first electrode and the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules is 0 to 10°.  
     
     
         11 . The liquid crystal display of  claim 10 , wherein the first electrode is a pixel electrode for transmitting image signals, and is formed in each unit pixel area.  
     
     
         12 . The liquid crystal display of  claim 11 , further comprising a thin film transistor, the thin film transistor including a gate line for transmitting scanning signals; a data line for transmitting image signals, and being insulated from and intersecting the gate lines to form a pixel region; a gate electrode provided at areas where the gate line and the data line cross, and being connected to the gate lines; a source electrode connected to the data line; and a drain electrode connected to the pixel electrode.  
     
     
         13 . The liquid crystal display of  claim 12 , wherein the pixel electrode is formed on a same layer as the gate line or the data line.  
     
     
         14 . The liquid crystal display of  claim 12 , wherein the pixel electrode is made of a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide or indium zinc oxide, or are made of a non-transparent conductive material.  
     
     
         15 . The liquid crystal display of  claim 12 , wherein the pixel electrode is arranged in the same direction as the data line or the gate line.  
     
     
         16 . The liquid crystal display of  claim 1 , wherein protrusions are formed on the first substrate and/or the second substrate to provide a pretilt angle to the liquid crystal molecules.  
     
     
         17 . The liquid crystal display of  claim 16 , wherein an angle between a surface of the protrusions and a surface of the first and/or second substrate is 2 to 45°.  
     
     
         18 . The liquid crystal display of  claim 17 , wherein the protrusions are formed on corresponding areas of the first substrate and the second substrate when the protrusions are provided on both substrates.  
     
     
         19 . The liquid crystal display of  claim 1 , wherein a chiral additive is added in the liquid crystal material forming the liquid crystal layer.  
     
     
         20 . The liquid crystal display of  claim 1 , wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are made of a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide or indium zinc oxide, or are made of a non-transparent conductive material.  
     
     
         21 . A liquid crystal display, comprising: 
 a first substrate and a second substrate, the second substrate being arranged substantially in parallel with the first substrate and with a predetermined gap therebetween;    a liquid crystal layer formed by injecting liquid crystal material between the first substrate and the second substrate, long axes of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer being arranged vertically to the first and second substrates at an initial state; and    means for varying an alignment of the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules,    wherein at least two adjacent regions with respect to a line parallel to the first substrate and the second substrate are formed by the liquid crystal layer, and the regions are formed symmetrically with respect to the line by said means.    
     
     
         22 . The liquid crystal display of  claim 21 , wherein at least two adjacent regions with respect to a line vertical to the first substrate and the second substrate are formed by the liquid crystal layer, and the regions are formed symmetrically with respect to the line by the said means.