US2004147552A1PendingUtilityA1

Methods of treating select neuronal inflammatory disorders using hydroxyalkylquinolines

Priority: Sep 7, 2000Filed: Jan 9, 2004Published: Jul 29, 2004
Est. expirySep 7, 2020(expired)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Inventors:Leslie Dunaway
A61K 31/47
40
PatentIndex Score
0
Cited by
0
References
0
Claims

Abstract

Methods of treating select mammalian disorders using a leukotriene antagonist are described. The methods involve administering to the mammal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound having the formula: The methods may be employed to treat disorders such as traumatic spinal cord injury, graying of the scalp hair, herpes simplex, herpes zoster, Bell's palsy, multiple sclerosis, and Gillian-Barre.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
That Which is Claimed is:  
     
         1 . A method of treating a disorder, selected from the group consisting of traumatic spinal cord injury, graying of scalp hair, herpes simplex, herpes zoster, Bell's palsy, multiple sclerosis, and Gillian-Barre, in a mammal comprising administering to a mammal in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of a compound having the formula:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein: 
 R 1  is H, halogen, —CF 3 , —CN, —NO 2 , or N 3 ;  
 R 2  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, —CF 3 , —CH 2 F, —CHF 2 , CH 2  CF 3 , substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted benzyl, substituted or unsubstituted 2-phenethyl, or two R 2  groups joined to the same carbon to form a carbocyclic ring of up to 8 members;  
 R 3  is H or R 2 ;  
 R 4  is halogen, —NO 2 , —CN, —OR 3 , —SR 3 , NR 3 R 3 , NR 3 C(O)R 7  or R 3 ;  
 R 5  is H, halogen, —NO 2 , —N 3 , —CN, —SR 2 , —NR 3 R 3 , —OR 3 , lower alkyl, or —C(O)R 3 ;  
 R 6  is —(CH 2 ) s —C(R 7 R 7 ) —(CH 2 ) s —R 8  or —CH 2 C(O)NR 12 R 12 ;  
 R 7  is H or C 1 -C 4  alkyl;  
 R 8  is the radical W—R 9 ;  
 R 9  contains up to 20 carbon atoms and is (1) an alkyl group or (2) an alkylcarbonyl group of an organic acyclic or monocyclic carboxylic acid;  
 R 11  is lower alkyl, —C(O)R 14 , unsubstituted phenyl, or unsubstituted benzyl;  
 R 12  is H, or R 11 ;  
 R 13  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, —CF 3  or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, benzyl, or 2-phenethyl;  
 R 14  is H or R 13 ;  
 R 16  is H, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, or OH;  
 R 17  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, benzyl, or 2-phenethyl;  
 R 18  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, —CF 3  or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, benzyl, or 2-phenethyl;  
 R 19  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, —CF 3  or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, benzyl, or 2-phenethyl;  
 R 21  is H or R 17 ;  
 R 22  is R 4 , CHR 7 OR 3 , or CHR 7 SR 2 ;  
 m is 0-8;  
 m′is 2 or 3;  
 n and n′ are independently 0 or 1,  
 p and p′ are independently 0-8;  
 m+n+p is 1-10 when r is 1 and X 2  is O, S, S(O), or S(O) 2 ;  
 m+n+p is 0-10 when r is 1 and X 2  is CR 3 R 16 ;  
 m+n+p is 0-10 when r is 0;  
 m′+n′+p′ is 2-10;  
 r and r′ are independently 0 or 1;  
 s is 0-3;  
 Q 1  is —C(O)OR 3,  1H (or 2H)-tetrazol-5-yl, —C(O)OR 6 , —C(O)NHS(O) 2 R 13 , —CN, —C(O)NR 12 R 12 , NR 21 S(O) 2 R 13 , —NR 12 C(O)NR 12 R 12 , —NR 21 C(O)R 18 , —OC(O)NR 12 R 12 , —C(O)R 19 , —S(O)R 18 , —S(O) 2 R 18 , —S(O) 2 NR 12 R 12 , —NO 2 , NR 21 C(O)OR 17 , —C(NR 12 R 12 )═NR 12 , —C(R 13 )═NOH;  
 Q 2  is OH;  
 W is O, S, or NR 3 ;  
 X 2  and X 3  are independently O, S, S(O), S(O) 2 , or CR 3 R 16 ; with the proviso that at least one is S or SO 2 ;  
 Y is —CR 3 ═CR 3 —;  
 Z 1  and Z 2  are independently —HET(—R 3 —R 5 )—; and  
 HET is the diradical of a benzene, a pyridine, a furan, or a thiophene;  
 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.  
 
     
     
         2 . A method according to  claim 1  wherein the mammal is man.  
     
     
         3 . A method according to  claim 1  wherein the compound has the formula:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein the substituents are as follows:  
       
         
           
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                 
                     
                 
                   * 
                   R 1   
                   Y 
                   A 
                   B 
                 
                     
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHMeCO 2 H 
                   (1,3-phe)CMe 2 OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHMeCO 2 H 
                   (1,4-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (1,3-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   C≡C 
                   SCH 2 CHMeCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   S 
                   7-Cl 
                   C≡C 
                   SCH 2 (S)CHMeCO 2 H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   C≡C 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   C≡C 
                   S(CH 2 ) 2 CO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHMeCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  NH 2   
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  NHMe 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  NMe 2   
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Br 
                   C≡C 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   S 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CH(CH 2 CH═CH 2 )CO 2 H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   S 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2 H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2 (1,2-phe)C(CH 2 OCH 2 )OH 
                 
                     
                 
                     
                 
             
                
                
                
                
               
               
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
         4 . A method according to  claim 3  wherein the mammal is man.  
     
     
         5 . A method of treating a disorder selected from the group consisting of traumatic spinal cord injury, graying of scalp hair, herpes simplex, herpes zoster, Bell's palsy, multiple sclerosis, and Gillian-Barre, in a mammal comprising administering to a mammal in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of 1-(((1(R)-(3-(2-(7-chloro-2-quinolinyl) ethenyl)phenyl)-3-(2-2-hydroxy-2-propyl)phenyl)propyl)thio)methyl) cyclopropaneacetic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.  
     
     
         6 . A method according to  claim 5  wherein the mammal is man.  
     
     
         7 . A method for the effective treatment and/or long term suppression of symptoms of Herpes virus infection in a mammal, such a method being comprised of administering to a mammal in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of a compound having the formula:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein: 
 R 1  is H, halogen, —CF 3 , —CN, —NO 2 , or N 3 ;  
 R 2  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, —CF 3 , —CH 2 F, —CHF 2 , CH 2 CF 3 , substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted benzyl, substituted or unsubstituted 2-phenethyl, or two R 2  groups joined to the same carbon to form a carbocyclic ring of up to 8 members;  
 R 3  is H or R 2 ;  
 R 4  is halogen, —NO 2 , —CN, —OR 3 , —SR 3 , NR 3 R 3 , NR 3 C(O)R 7 or R 3 ;  
 R 5  is H, halogen, —NO 2 , —N 3 , —CN, —SR 2 , —NR 3 R 3 ,—OR 3 , lower alkyl, or —C(O)R 3 ;  
 R 6  is —(CH 2 ) s —C(R 7 R 7 )—(CH 2 ) s —R 8  or —CH 2 C(O)NR 12 R 12 ;  
 R 7  is H or C 1 -C 4  alkyl;  
 R 8  is the radical W—R 9 ;  
 R 9  contains up to 20 carbon atoms and is (1) an alkyl group or (2) an alkylcarbonyl group of an organic acyclic or monocyclic carboxylic acid;  
 R 11  is lower alkyl, —C(O)R 14 , unsubstituted phenyl, or unsubstituted benzyl;  
 R 12  is H, or R 11 ;  
 R 13  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, —CF 3  or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, benzyl, or 2-phenethyl;  
 R 14  is H or R 13 ;  
 R 16  is H, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, or OH;  
 R 17  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, benzyl, or 2-phenethyl;  
 R 18  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, —CF 3  or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, benzyl, or 2-phenethyl;  
 R 19  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, —CF 3  or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, benzyl, or 2-phenethyl;  
 R 21  is H or R 17 ;  
 R 22  is R 4 , CHR 7 OR 3 , or CHR 7 SR 2 ;  
 m is 0-8;  
 m′ is 2 or 3;  
 n and n′ are independently 0 or 1,  
 p and p′ are independently 0-8;  
 m+n+p is 1-10 when r is 1 and X 2  is O, S, S(O), or S(O) 2 ;  
 m+n+p is 0-10 when r is  1  and X 2  is CR 3 R 16 ;  
 m+n+p is 0-10 when r is 0;  
 m′+n′+p′ is 2-10;  
 r and r′ are independently 0 or 1;  
 s is 0-3;  
 Q 1  is —C(O)OR 3,  1H (or 2H)-tetrazol-5-yl, —C(O)OR 6 , —C(O)NHS(O) 2 R 13 , —CN, —C(O)NR 12 R 12 , NR 21 S(O) 2 R 13 , —NR 12 C(O)NR 12 R 12 , —NR 21 C(O)R 18 , —OC(O)NR 12 R 12 , —C(O)R 19 , —S(O)R 18 , —S(O) 2 R 18 , —S(O) 2 NR 12 R 12 , —NO 2 , —NR 21 C(O)OR 17 , —C(NR 12 R 12 )═NR 12 , —C(R 13 )═NOH;  
 Q 2  is OH;  
 W is O, S, or NR 3 ;  
 X 2  and X 3  are independently O, S, S(O), S(O) 2 , or CR 3 R 16 ; with the proviso that at least one is S or SO 2 ;  
 Y is —CR 3 ═CR 3 —;  
 Z 1  and Z 2  are independently —HET(—R 3 —R 5 )—; and  
 HET is the diradical of a benzene, a pyridine, a furan, or a thiophene;  
 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.  
 
     
     
         8 . A method as in  claim 7  wherein the mammal is man.  
     
     
         9 . A method as in  claim 8  wherein the Herpes virus is Herpes simplex I (HSV I), Herpes simplex II (HSV II) or Herpes zoster.  
     
     
         10 . A method as in  claim 8  or  9  wherein said compound has the formula:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein the substituents are as follows:  
       
         
           
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                 
                     
                 
                   * 
                   R 1   
                   Y 
                   A 
                   B 
                 
                     
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHMeCO 2 H 
                   (1,3-phe)CMe 2 OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHMeCO 2 H 
                   (1,4-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (1,3-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   C≡C 
                   SCH 2 CHMeCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   S 
                   7-Cl 
                   C≡C 
                   SCH 2 (S)CHMeCO 2 H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   C≡C 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   C≡C 
                   S(CH 2 ) 2 CO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHMeCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  NH 2   
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  NHMe 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  NMe 2   
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Br 
                   C≡C 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   S 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CH(CH 2 CH═CH 2 )CO 2 H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   S 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2 H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2 (1,2-phe)C(CH 2 OCH 2 )OH 
                 
                     
                 
                     
                 
             
                
                
                
                
               
               
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
         11 . A method as in  claim 8  or  9  wherein said compound is 1-(((1(R)-(3-(2-(7-chloro-2-quinolinyl) ethenyl)phenyl)-3-(2-(2-hydroxy-2-propyl)phenyl)propyl)thio)methyl) cyclopropaneacetic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.  
     
     
         12 . A method for the effective treatment of traumatic spinal cord injury in a mammal, such a method comprised of administering to a mammal in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of a compound having the formula:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein: 
 R 1  is H, halogen, —CF 3 , —CN, —NO 2 , or N 3 ;  
 R 2  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, —CF 3 , —CH 2 F, —CHF 2 , CH 2 CF 3 , substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted benzyl, substituted or unsubstituted 2-phenethyl, or two R 2  groups joined to the same carbon to form a carbocyclic ring of up to 8 members;  
 R 3  is H or R 2 ;  
 R 4  is halogen, —NO 2 , —CN, —OR 3 , —SR 3 , NR 3 R 3 , NR 3 C(O)R 7 or R 3 ;  
 R 5  is H, halogen, —NO 2 , —N 3 , —CN, —SR 2 , —NR 3 R 3 , —OR 3 , lower alkyl, or —C(O)R 3 ;  
 R 6  is —(CH 2 ) s —C(R 7 R 7 )—(CH 2 ) s —R 8  or —CH 2 C(O)NR 12 R 12 ;  
 R 7  is H or C 1 -C 4  alkyl;  
 R 8  is the radical W—R 9 ;  
 R 9  contains up to 20 carbon atoms and is (1) an alkyl group or (2) an alkylcarbonyl group of an organic acyclic or monocyclic carboxylic acid;  
 R 11  is lower alkyl, —C(O)R 14 , unsubstituted phenyl, or unsubstituted benzyl;  
 R 12  is H, or R 11 ;  
 R 13  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, —CF 3  or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, benzyl, or 2-phenethyl;  
 R 14  is H or R 13 ;  
 R 16  is H, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, or OH;  
 R 17  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, benzyl, or 2-phenethyl;  
 R 18  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, —CF 3  or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, benzyl, or 2-phenethyl;  
 R 19  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, —CF 3  or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, benzyl, or 2-phenethyl;  
 R 21  is H or R 17 ;  
 R 22  is R 4 , CHR 7 OR 3 , or CHR 7 SR 2 ;  
 m is 0-8;  
 m′ is 2 or 3;  
 n and n′ are independently 0 or 1;  
 p and p′ are independently 0-8;  
 m+n+p is 1-10 when r is 1 and X 2  is O, S, S(O), or S(O) 2 ;  
 m+n+p is 0-10 when r is 1 and X 2  is CR 3 R 16 ;  
 m+n+p is 0-10 when r is 0;  
 m′+n′+p′ is 2-10;  
 r and r′ are independently 0 or 1;  
 s is 0-3;  
 Q 1  is —C(O)OR 3,  1H (or 2H)-tetrazol-5-yl, —C(O)OR 6 , —C(O)NHS(O) 2 R 13 , —CN, —C(O)NR 12 R 12 , NR 21 S(O) 2 R 13 , —NR 12 C(O)NR 12 R 12 , —NR 21 C(O)R 18 , —OC(O)NR 12 R 12 , —C(O)R 19 , —S(O)R 18 , —S(O) 2 R 18 , —S(O) 2 NR 12 R 12 , —NO 2 , —NR 21 C(O)OR 17 , —C(O)OR 17 , —C(NR 12 R 12 )═NR 12 , —C(R 13 )═NOH;  
 Q 2  is OH;  
 W is O, S, or NR 3 ;  
 X 2 and X 3  are independently O, S, S(O), S(O) 2 , or CR 3 R 16 ; with the proviso that at least one is S or SO 2 ;  
 Y is —CR 3 ═CR 3 —;  
 Z 1  and Z 2  are independently —HET(—R 3 —R 5 )—; and  
 HET is the diradical of a benzene, a pyridine, a furan, or a thiophene;  
 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.  
 
     
     
         13 . A method as in  claim 12  wherein the mammal is man.  
     
     
         14 . A method as in  claim 13  wherein said compound has the formula:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein the substituents are as follows:  
       
         
           
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                 
                     
                 
                   * 
                   R 1   
                   Y 
                   A 
                   B 
                 
                     
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHMeCO 2 H 
                   (1,3-phe)CMe 2 OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHMeCO 2 H 
                   (1,4-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (1,3-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   C≡C 
                   SCH 2 CHMeCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   S 
                   7-Cl 
                   C≡C 
                   SCH 2 (S)CHMeCO 2 H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   C≡C 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   C≡C 
                   S(CH 2 ) 2 CO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHMeCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  NH 2   
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  NHMe 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  NMe 2   
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Br 
                   C≡C 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   S 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CH(CH 2 CH═CH 2 )CO 2 H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   S 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2 H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2 (1,2-phe)C(CH 2 OCH 2 )OH 
                 
                     
                 
                     
                 
             
                
                
                
                
               
               
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
         15 . A method as in  claim 13  wherein said compound is 1-(((1(R)-(3-(2-(7-chloro-2-quinolinyl) ethenyl)phenyl)-3-(2-(2-hydroxy-2-propyl)phenyl)propyl)thio)methyl) cyclopropaneacetic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.  
     
     
         16 . A method for the treatment and long-term suppression, in a mammal, of symptoms of neuronal inflammatory conditions not due to repetitive motion, said conditions being selected from the group consisting of a Herpes virus infection, traumatic spinal cord injury and graying of scalp hair, such method comprising administering to a mammal in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of a compound having the formula:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein: 
 R is H, halogen, —CF 3 , —CN, —NO 2 , or N 3 ;  
 R 2  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, —CF 3 , —CH 2 F, —CHF 2 , CH 2 CF 3 , substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted benzyl, substituted or unsubstituted 2-phenethyl, or two R 2  groups joined to the same carbon to form a carbocyclic ring of up to 8 members;  
 R 3  is H or R 2 ;  
 R 4  is halogen, —NO 2 , —CN, —OR 3 , —SR 3 , NR 3 R 3 , NR 3 C(O)R 7  or R 3 ;  
 R 5  is H, halogen, —NO 2 , —N 3 , —CN, —SR 2 , —NR 3 R 3 , —OR 3 , lower alkyl, or —C(O)R 3 ;  
 R 6  is —(CH 2 ) s —C(R 7 R7)—(CH 2 ) s —R 8  or —CH 2 C(O)NR 12 R 12 ;  
 R 7  is H or C 1 -C 4  alkyl;  
 R 8  is the radical W—R 9 ;  
 R 9  contains up to 20 carbon atoms and is (1) an alkyl group or (2) an alkylcarbonyl group of an organic acyclic or monocyclic carboxylic acid;  
 R 11  is lower alkyl, —C(O)R 14 , unsubstituted phenyl, or unsubstituted benzyl;  
 R 12  is H, or R 11 ;  
 R 13  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, —CF 3  or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, benzyl, or 2-phenethyl;  
 R 14  is H or R 13 ;  
 R 16  is H, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, or OH;  
 R 17  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, benzyl, or 2-phenethyl;  
 R 18  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, —CF 3  or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, benzyl, or 2-phenethyl;  
 R 19  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, —CF 3  or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, benzyl, or 2-phenethyl;  
 R 21  is H or R 7 ;  
 R 22  is R 4 , CHR 7 OR 3 , or CHR 7 SR 2 ;  
 m is 0-8;  
 m′ is 2 or 3;  
 n and n′ are independently 0 or 1;  
 p and p′ are independently 0-8;  
 m+n+p is 1-10 when r is 1 and X 2  is O, S, S(O), or S(O) 2 ;  
 m+n+p is 0-10 when r is 1 and X 2  is CR 3 R 16 ;  
 m+n+p is 0-10 when r is 0;  
 m′+n′+p′ is 2-10;  
 r and r′ are independently 0 or 1;  
 s is 0-3;  
 Q 1  is —C(O)OR 3,  1H (or 2H)-tetrazol-5-yl, —C(O)OR 6 , —C(O)NHS(O) 2 R 13 , —CN, —C(O)NR 12 R 12 , NR 21 S(O) 2 R 13 , —NR 12 C(O)NR 12 R 12 , —NR 21 C(O)R 18 , —OC(O)NR 12 R 12 , —C(O)R 19 , —S(O)R 18 , —S(O) 2 R 18 , —S(O) 2 NR 12 R 12 , —NO 2 , —NR 21 C(O)OR 17 , —C(NR 12 R 12 )═NR 12 , —C(R 13 )═NOH;  
 Q 2  is OH;  
 W is O, S, or NR 3 ;  
 X 2  and X 3  are independently O, S, S(O), S(O) 2 , or CR 3 R 16 ; with the proviso that at least one is S or SO 2 ;  
 Y is —CR 3 ═CR 3 ═;  
 Z 1  and Z 2  are independently —HET(—R 3 —R 5 )—; and  
 HET is the diradical of a benzene, a pyridine, a furan, or a thiophene;  
 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.  
 
     
     
         17 . A method as in  claim 16  wherein the mammal is man.  
     
     
         18 . A method as in  claim 17  wherein the neuronal inflammatory condition is Multiple sclerosis, Guillian-Barre syndrome or Bell's palsy.  
     
     
         19 . A method as in  claim 17  or  18  wherein said compound has the formula:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein the substituents are as follows:  
       
         
           
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                 
                     
                 
                   * 
                   R 1   
                   Y 
                   A 
                   B 
                 
                     
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHMeCO 2 H 
                   (1,3-phe)CMe 2 OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHMeCO 2 H 
                   (1,4-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (1,3-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   C≡C 
                   SCH 2 CHMeCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   S 
                   7-Cl 
                   C≡C 
                   SCH 2 (S)CHMeCO 2 H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   C≡C 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   C≡C 
                   S(CH 2 ) 2 CO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHMeCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  NH 2   
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  NHMe 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  NMe 2   
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Br 
                   C≡C 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   S 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CH(CH 2 CH═CH 2 )CO 2 H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   S 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2 H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2 (1,2-phe)C(CH 2 OCH 2 )OH 
                 
                     
                 
                     
                 
             
                
                
                
                
               
               
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
         20 . A method as in  claim 17  or  18  wherein said compound is 1-(((1(R)-(3-(2-(7-chloro-2-quinolinyl) ethenyl)phenyl)-3-(2-(2-hydroxy-2-propyl)phenyl)propyl)thio)methyl) cyclopropaneacetic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.  
     
     
         21 . A method for inhibiting, in a mammal, the graying of scalp hair which comprises administering to a mammal in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of a compound having the formula:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein: 
 R is H, halogen, —CF 3 , —CN, —NO 2 , or N 3 ;  
 R 2  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, —CF 3 , —CH 2 F, —CHF 2 , CH 2 CF 3 , substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted benzyl, substituted or unsubstituted 2-phenethyl, or two R 2  groups joined to the same carbon to form a carbocyclic ring of up to 8 members;  
 R 3  is H or R 2 ;  
 R 4  is halogen, —NO 2 , —CN, —OR 3 , —SR 3 , NR 3 R 3 , NR 3 C(O)R 7  or R 3 ;  
 R 5  is H, halogen, —NO 2 , —N 3 , —CN, —SR 2 , —NR 3 R 3 , —OR 3 , lower alkyl, or —C(O)R 3 ;  
 R 6  is —(CH 2 ) s —C(R 7 R 7 )—(CH 2 ) s —R 8  or —CH 2 C(O)NR 12 R 2 ;  
 R 7  is H or C 1 -C 4  alkyl;  
 R 8  is the radical W—R 9    
 R 9  contains up to 20 carbon atoms and is (1) an alkyl group or (2) an alkylcarbonyl group of an organic acyclic or monocyclic carboxylic acid;  
 R 11  is lower alkyl, —C(O)R 14 , unsubstituted phenyl, or unsubstituted benzyl;  
 R 12  is H, or R 11 ;  
 R 13  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, —CF 3  or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, benzyl, or 2-phenethyl;  
 R 14  is H or R 13 ;  
 R 16  is H, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, or OH;  
 R 17  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, benzyl, or 2-phenethyl;  
 R 18  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, —CF 3  or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, benzyl, or 2-phenethyl;  
 R 19  is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, —CF 3  or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, benzyl, or 2-phenethyl;  
 R 21  is H or R 17 ;  
 R 22  is R 4 , CHR 7 OR 3 , or CHR 7 SR 2 ;  
 m is 0-8;  
 m′ is 2 or 3;  
 n and n′ are independently 0 or 1;  
 p and p′ are independently 0-8;  
 m+n+p is 1-10 when r is 1 and X 2  is O, S, S(O), or S(O) 2 ;  
 m+n+p is 0-10 when r is 1 and X 2  is CR 3 R 16 ;  
 m+n+p is 0-10 when r is 0;  
 m′+n′+p′ is 2-10;  
 r and r′ are independently 0 or 1;  
 s is 0-3;  
 Q 1  is —C(O)OR 3,  1H (or 2H)-tetrazol-5-yl, —C(O)OR 6 , —C(O)NHS(O) 2 R 13 , —CN, —C(O)NR 12 R 12 , NR 21 S(O) 2 R 13 , —NR 12 C(O)NR 12 R 12 , —NR 21 C(O)R 18 , —OC(O)NR 12 , —C(O)R 19 , —S(O)R 18 , —S(O) 2 R 18 , —S(O) 2 NR 12 R 12 , —NO 2 , —NR 21 C(O)OR 17 , —C(NR 12 R 12 )═NR 12 , —C(R 13 )═NOH;  
 Q 2  is OH;  
 W is O, S, or NR 3 ;  
 X 2  and X 3  are independently O, S, S(O), S(O) 2 , or CR 3 R 16 ; with the proviso that at least one is S or SO 2 ;  
 Y is —CR 3 ═CR 3 —;  
 Z 1  and Z 2  are independently —HET(—R 3 —R 5 )—; and  
 HET is the diradical of a benzene, a pyridine, a furan, or a thiophene;  
 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.  
 
     
     
         22 . A method as in  claim 21  wherein the mammal is man.  
     
     
         23 . A method as in  claim 21  or 22 wherein the compound has the formula:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein the substituents are as follows:  
       
         
           
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                 
                     
                 
                   * 
                   R 1   
                   Y 
                   A 
                   B 
                 
                     
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHMeCO 2 H 
                   (1,3-phe)CMe 2 OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHMeCO 2 H 
                   (1,4-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (1,3-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   C≡C 
                   SCH 2 CHMeCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   S 
                   7-Cl 
                   C≡C 
                   SCH 2 (S)CHMeCO 2 H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   C≡C 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   C≡C 
                   S(CH 2 ) 2 CO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHMeCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  NH 2   
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  NHMe 
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  NMe 2   
                 
                   RS 
                   7-Br 
                   C≡C 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2  H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   S 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CH(CH 2 CH═CH 2 )CO 2 H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2  (1,2-phe)CMe 2  OH 
                 
                   S 
                   7-Cl 
                   CH═CH 
                   SCH 2 CHEtCO 2 H 
                   (CH 2 ) 2 (1,2-phe)C(CH 2 OCH 2 )OH 
                 
                     
                 
                     
                 
             
                
                
                
                
               
               
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
                
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
         24 . A method as in  claim 21  or  22  wherein the compound is 1-(((1(R)-(3-(2-(7-chloro-2-quinolinyl) ethenyl)phenyl)-3-(2-(2-hydroxy-2-propyl)phenyl)propyl)thio)methyl) cyclopropaneacetic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.  
     
     
         25 . An article of manufacture for human pharmaceutical use, comprising packaging material and a container comprising 1-(((1 (R)-(3-(2-(7-chloro-2-quinolinyl)ethenyl) phenyl)-3-(2-(2-hydroxy-2-propyl) phenyl)propyl)thio)methyl) cyclopropaneacetic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein said packaging material comprises a label which indicates that said cyclopropaneacetic acid, or said pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is suitable for treatment, or alleviation of symptoms, of one or more disorders selected from the group consisting of traumatic spinal cord injury, graying of scalp hair, herpes simplex, herpes zoster, Bell's palsy, multiple sclerosis, and Gillian-Barre.  
     
     
         26 . An article according to  claim 25 , wherein said container is selected from the group consisting of a blister pack, a bottle and a silica gel desiccant canister.

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