Non-halogenated metal conditioner and extreme pressure lubricant

Abstract

There are disclosed compositions for use as extreme pressure lubricants for use in general machinery as well as in the refrigerant of air conditioners, refrigerators and heat pumps. The compositions are designed to lubricate moving parts of machinery. In its broadest aspect the invention comprises a metal conditioner containing a lubricating oil and a bismuth compound. A further embodiment involves a lubricating oil, a bismuth compound and a molybdenum compound. The lubricating compounds can be added to a refrigerant gas.

What is claimed is:  
     
         1 . A non-halogenated metal conditioner and extreme pressure lubricant additive useful in the refrigerant gas of an air conditioner, refrigerator or heat pump comprising in combination a refrigeration gas, effective amounts of a lubricant and a bismuth compound.  
     
     
         2 . The non-halogenated metal conditioner and extreme pressure lubricant additive of  claim 1  wherein the lubricant comprises a polyalphaolefin base oil.  
     
     
         3 . The non-halogenated metal conditioner and extreme pressure lubricant additive of  claim 1  wherein the lubricant a mixture polyalphaolefin base oil, methyl ester base oil and fatty acid ester base oil.  
     
     
         4 . The non-halogenated metal conditioner and extreme pressure lubricant additive of  claim 1  wherein the bismuth compound is a bismuth carboxylate.  
     
     
         5 . The non-halogenated metal conditioner and extreme pressure lubricant additive of  claim 4  wherein the bismuth carboxylate is selected from the group of bismuth neodecanoate, bismuth 2-ethylhexanoate, bismuth naphthenate and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         6 . The non-halogenated metal conditioner and extreme pressure lubricant additive of  claim 1  wherein there is added a composition of (a) a bisdithiocarbamate and (b) a bismuth compound of carboxylates, dithiocarbamates, and phosphorodithioates.  
     
     
         7 . The non-halogenated metal conditioner and extreme pressure lubricant additive of  claim 1  wherein there is added a molybdenum compound as an anti-friction additive.  
     
     
         8 . The non-halogenated metal conditioner and extreme pressure lubricant additive of  claim 1  wherein there is added a tracer dye to aid in leak detection.  
     
     
         9 . A method for enhancing lubricity of a refrigeration unit comprising adding the composition of  claim 1  to said refrigeration unit.  
     
     
         10 . A non-halogenated metal conditioner and extreme pressure lubricant additive useful in refrigerant gas comprising effective amounts of: 
 a lubricating oil,    a bismuth carboxylate polarized extreme pressure additive,    a viscosity improver,    a molybdenum compound anti-friction additive,    and/or an acid scavenger/stabilizer together in the compressor gas of a cooling unit.    
     
     
         11 . A non-halogenated metal conditioner and extreme pressure lubricant additive useful in the refrigerant gas comprising the following:  
       
         
           
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                     
                 
                     
                     
                 
                     
                   Component 
                   Percent 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                     
                 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                   Lubricating oil 
                   64.00 
                 
                     
                   Bismuth Carboxylate 
                   27.00 
                 
                     
                   Viscosity Improver 
                   4.00 
                 
                     
                   Molybdenum compound 
                   5.00 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                     
                     
                 
             
                
                
                
                
               
               
                
               
            
             
                
                
                
                
                
                
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
         12  The non-halogenated metal conditioner and extreme pressure lubricant additive useful in compressor refrigerant gas of  claim 1  wherein the following ingredients are present on a weight basis: 
 lubricating oil 40 to 70 percent  
 bismuth carboxylate is present in the range from about 20 to 40 percent,  
 about 1 to 8 percent of an olefin blend is employed in the system as a viscosity improver, as a copolymer of ethylene and propylene,  
 a molybdenum compound may be introduced from about 0.1 to 8 percent,  
 optionally, about 1 to 3 percent of an epoxidized triglyceride may be employed in the system as an acid scavenger and/or stabilizer,  
 optionally, an additional bismuth compound may be introduced from about 0.1 to 8 percent.  
 
     
     
         13 . The non-halogenated metal conditioner and extreme pressure lubricant additive useful in compressor gas of  claim 1  wherein the following ingredients are present on a weight basis: 
 polyalphaolefin base oil is from about 28 to 38 percent,  
 methyl ester base oil is from about 24 to 33 percent,  
 fatty acid ester base oil is from about 2 to 5 percent,  
 bismuth carboxylate is present in the range from about 23 to 32 percent,  
 about 3 to 5 percent of an olefin blend is employed in the system as a viscosity improver,  
 as a copolymer of ethylene and propylene,  
 a molybdenum compound may be introduced from about 0.1 to 8 percent,  
 optionally, about 1 to 3 percent of an epoxidized triglyceride may be employed in the system as an acid scavenger and/or stabilizer.  
 
     
     
         14 . A non-halogenated metal conditioner and extreme pressure lubricant comprising effective amounts of: 
 Bismuth compound.    Molybdenum compound, and    Lubricating oil.    
     
     
         15 . The non-halogenated metal conditioner and extreme pressure lubricant of  claim 14 , comprising:  
       
         
           
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                     
                 
                     
                     
                 
                     
                   Component 
                   Percent 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                     
                   Bismuth compound 
                   20-40 
                 
                     
                   Molybdenum compound 
                    1-20 
                 
                     
                   Lubricating oil 
                    40-70. 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                     
                     
                 
             
                
                
                
                
               
               
                
                
                
                
                
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
         16 . The non-halogenated metal conditioner and extreme pressure lubricant of  claim 15  comprising:  
       
         
           
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                     
                 
                     
                     
                 
                     
                   Component 
                   Percent 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                     
                   Bismuth compound 
                   30 
                 
                     
                   Molybdenum compound 
                    6 
                 
                     
                   Lubricating oil 
                    64. 
                 
                     
                     
                 
                     
                     
                 
             
                
                
                
                
               
               
                
                
                
                
                
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
         17 . The non-halogenated metal conditioner and extreme pressure lubricant of  claim 14  further comprising a refrigerant gas.  
     
     
         18 . In the method of operating an apparatus having a refrigerant gas circulating therein, wherein a lubricant is added to the refrigerant gas to provide extreme pressure, anti-wear and anti-friction properties, the improvement comprising the step of adding effective amounts of bismuth compound to the lubricant in lieu of halogens or sulfur compounds as the polarizing agent, thereby substantially reducing corrosion and environmental problems while concurrently improving the efficiency, life and reliability of the apparatus.  
     
     
         19 . In the method of  claim 18  wherein the improvement further comprises the step of adding effective amounts of a molybdenum compound to the lubricant.