Composition and method to prevent and treat brain and spinal cord injuries

Abstract

A composition and method for treating and preventing injury to central nervous system tissue are provided. The composition is comprised of agents that can increase colloidal osmotic pressure and osmolality. The method comprise of: a). Withdrawing cerebrospinal fluid from the subarachnoid spaces around the tissue to be treated or protected and b). Injecting the composition into subarachnoid spaces.

1 . A neuroprotective composition for protecting the central nervous system of a mammal comprising Poly-amino Acid.  
     
     
         2 . A neuroprotective composition for protecting the central nervous system of a mammal comprising essentially Poly-amino Acid.  
     
     
         3 . A neuroprotective composition for protecting the central nervous system of a mammal comprising % 0.1-20% Poly-amino Aci  
     
     
         4 . A neuroprotective composition for protecting the central nervous system of a mammal comprising Poly-Lysine.  
     
     
         5 . A neuroprotective composition for protecting the central nervous system of a mammal comprising essentially Poly-Lysine.  
     
     
         6 . A neuroprotective composition for protecting the central nervous system of a mammal comprising Poly-D-Lysine.  
     
     
         7 . A neuroprotective composition for protecting the central nervous system of a mammal comprising Poly-L-Lysine.  
     
     
         8 . A neuroprotective composition for protecting the central nervous system of a mammal comprising Poly-Lysine with molecular weight between 70,000-150,000.  
     
     
         9 . A neuroprotective composition for protecting the central nervous system of a mammal comprising gelatin.  
     
     
         10 . A neuroprotective composition for protecting the central nervous system of a mammal comprising essentially gelatin.  
     
     
         11 . A neuroprotective composition for protecting the central nervous system of a mammal comprising collagen.  
     
     
         12 . A neuroprotective composition for protecting the central nervous system of a mammal comprising essentially collagen.  
     
     
         13 . A neuroprotective composition for protecting the central nervous system of a mammal comprising a combination of Poly-amino Acid and a crystal osmotic agent.  
     
     
         14 . A neuroprotective composition for protecting the central nervous system of a mammal comprising a combination of gelatin and a crystal osmotic agent.  
     
     
         15 . A neuroprotective composition for protecting the central nervous system of a mammal comprising a combination of collagen and a crystal osmotic agent.  
     
     
         16 . A neuroprotective composition according to  claim 13 , 14  and  15  wherein said crystal osmotic agent is mannitol.  
     
     
         17 . A neuroprotective composition according to  claim 13 , 14  and  15  wherein said crystal osmotic agent is glucose.  
     
     
         18 . A solution that can generate a colloidal osmotic pressure between 1-40 mm Hg with said neuroprotective composition according to  claim 1  to  17 .  
     
     
         19 . A solution that can generate a colloidal osmotic pressure between 140 mm Hg and osmolality between 289-459 mOsm/L with said neuroprotective composition according to  claim 1  to  17 .  
     
     
         20 . A method for protecting Central Nervous System tissue in need of such protection in mammal, comprising the steps of: 
 a). Withdrawing a volume of cerebrospinal fluid from the subarachnoid space,    b). Injecting a said neuroprotective composition according to  claim 1  to  17  which is dissolved by certain amount of said cerebrospinal fluid into said subarachnoid space.    
     
     
         21 . A method for protecting Central Nervous System tissue in need of such protection in mammal, comprising the steps of: 
 a). Withdrawing a volume of cerebrospinal fluid from the subarachnoid space,    b). Injecting a said solution according to  claim 18  and  19  into said subarachnoid space.    
     
     
         22 . A method for protecting Central Nervous System tissue in need of such protection in mammal according to  claim 20  and  21 , comprising added step of administering a CSF production-suppressing agent.  
     
     
         23 . A method for protecting Central Nervous System tissue in need of such protection in mammal according to  claim 20  and  21 , comprising added step of administering a water channel blocker, such as Mersalyl.  
     
     
         24 . A method for protecting Central Nervous System tissue in need of such protection in mammal according to  claim 20  and  21 , comprising added step of administering an effective amount of agent selected from the group consisting of: calcium channel blockers, calcium chelators, potassium channel blockers, free radical scavengers, antioxidants, GABA agonists, GABA receptor antagonists, glutamate antagonists, NMDA antagonists, NMDA channel blockers, glycine site antagonists, polyamine site antagonists, adenosine receptor antagonists, growth factors, Glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), brain derived neurotrophic factor, insulin like growth factor, leukocyte adhesion inhibitors, nitric oxide inhibitors, opiod antagonists, Serotonin agonists, sodium channel blockers, potassium channel openers, anti-inflamatory agents, and protein kinase inhibitors to said mammal.  
     
     
         25 . A method for treating stroke in a mammal requiring such treatment according to  claim 20  and  21  comprising added step of Administering a thrombolytic agent to said mammal in an amount effective to restore blood flow to central nervous system tissue.  
     
     
         26 . A method according to  claim 25  wherein said thrombolytic agent is recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA).