Fuel oils having improved lubricity comprising mixtures of fatty acids with paraffin dispersants, and a lubrication-improving additive

Abstract

The invention relates to low-temperature-stabilized additives for fuel oils having a sulfur content of up 0.05% by weight, comprising fatty acid mixtures of A1) from 1 to 99% by weight of at least one saturated mono- or dicarboxylic acid having from 6 to 50 carbon atoms, A2) from 1 to 99% by weight of at least one unsaturated mono- or dicarboxylic acid having from 6 to 50 carbon atoms, and B) at least one polar nitrogen-containing compound which is effective as paraffin dispersant in middle distillates, in an amount of from 0.01 to 90% by weight, based on the total weight of A1), A2) and B), and to the use of said mixtures for improving the lubrication properties of low-sulfur middle distillates.

1 . A low-temperature-stabilized additive for fuel oils having a sulfur content of up 0.05% by weight, comprising fatty acid mixtures of 
 A1) from 1 to 99% by weight of at least one saturated mono- or dicarboxylic acid having from 6 to 50 carbon atoms,    A2) from 1 to 99% by weight of at least one unsaturated mono- or dicarboxylic acid having from 6 to 50 carbon atoms, and    B) at least one polar nitrogen-containing compound which is effective as paraffin dispersant in middle distillates, in an amount of from 0.01 to 90% by weight, based on the total weight of A1), A2) and B).    
     
     
         2 . An additive as claimed in  claim 1 , in which constituent A is a carboxylic acid having from 12 to 22 carbon atoms.  
     
     
         3 . An additive as claimed in  claim 1 , comprising from 1 to less than 20% by weight of A1) and from greater than 80 to 95% by weight of A2).  
     
     
         4 . An additive as claimed in  claim 1 , in which the mixture of A1) and A2) has an iodine number of at least 40 g of l/100 g.  
     
     
         5 . An additive as claimed in  claim 1 , in which the mixture of A1) and A2) comprises from 1 to 40% by weight of resin acids.  
     
     
         6 . An additive as claimed in  claim 1 , in which oil-soluble polar amine salts or amides are present as paraffin dispersants.  
     
     
         7 . A low-temperature-stabilized solution of an additive as claimed in  claim 1  in an organic solvent, where the solution comprises from 1 to 80% by weight of solvent.  
     
     
         8 . A low-temperature-stabilized solution as claimed in  claim 7 , where the solvent employed is an aliphatic and/or aromatic and/or oxygen-containing hydrocarbon.  
     
     
         9 . A low-temperature-stabilized fatty acid mixture comprising 
 A1) from 1 to 99% by weight of at least one saturated mono- or dicarboxylic acid having from 6 to 50 carbon atoms,    A2) from 1 to 99% by weight of at least one unsaturated mono- or dicarboxylic acid having from 6 to 50 carbon atoms, and    B) at least one polar nitrogen-containing compound which is effective as paraffin dispersant in middle distillates, in an amount of from 0.01 to 90% by weight, based on the total weight of A1), A2) and B).    
     
     
         10 . A fuel oil comprising, besides a middle distillate having a sulfur content of up to 0.05% by weight, an additive as claimed in  claim 1 .  
     
     
         11 . The use of an additive as claimed in  claim 1  for improving the lubrication properties of low-sulfur middle distillates having a sulfur content of up to 0.05% by weight.