System and method of pressure distribution and pressure regulation for heating and air-conditioning units, and a very high-rise building utilizing the same

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multi-stage pressure distribution and pressure regulation system for heating and air conditioning piping units, a pressure control method of the same, and a very high-rise building utilizing the same, wherein head pressure that is critical in heating and air conditioning piping units of an very high-rise building can be stably and correctly controlled. According to the present invention, there is provided a multi-stage pressure distribution and pressure regulation system for heating and air conditioning piping units, comprising: one or more heating and cooling loads 400 for areas vertically zoned depending on head pressure; a heat source supply system 100 for supplying thermo-fluid to the respective heating and cooling loads 400 for the vertically zoned areas; one or more booster pumping systems 300 which are provided between the heat source supply system 100 and the respective heating and cooling loads 410, 420, 430 and each of which includes booster pumps PP 2 for transferring the thermo-fluid from the heat source supply system 100 to the respective heating and cooling loads 400 and pump control valves PCV 2 for maintaining a predetermined head pressure; and one or more pressure regulating systems 600 which are installed between output side return lines of the respective heating and cooling loads 410, 420, 430 and the heat source supply system 100 and each of which includes at least one pressure reducing and sustaining device PRSD for reducing the pressure of the thermo-fluid outputted from each heating and cooling load 400 and sustaining it at the predetermined head pressure, wherein the head pressure acting in proportion to the heights of stories of a building is distributed in a multi-stage manner within a head pressure range for safe use. Therefore, high head pressure in heating and air conditioning piping units of the very high-rise building can be accurately and stably controlled, and building space can be efficiently available since there is no need for intermediate stories for installing thermal equipment therein contrary to the prior art. Further, there are advantages in that a lightweight building structure and a saving of construction expenses can be achieved and in that energy consumption can be reduced.

What is claimed is:  
     
         1 . A multi-stage pressure distribution and pressure regulation system for heating and air conditioning units, comprising: 
 one or more heating and cooling loads for areas vertically zoned depending on head pressure;    a heat source supply system for supplying thermo-fluid to the respective heating and cooling loads for the vertically zoned areas;    one or more booster pumping systems which are provided between the heat source supply system and the respective heating and cooling loads and each of which includes booster pumps for transferring the thermo-fluid from the heat source supply system to the respective heating and cooling loads and pump control valves for maintaining a predetermined head pressure; and    one or more pressure regulating systems which are installed between output side return lines of the respective heating and cooling loads and the heat source supply system and each of which includes at least one pressure reducing and sustaining device for reducing the pressure of the thermo-fluid outputted from each heating and cooling load and sustaining it at the predetermined head pressure,    wherein the head pressure acting in proportion to the heights of stories of a building is distributed in a multi-stage manner within a head pressure range for safe use.    
     
     
         2 . The system as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein each of the booster pumping systems further includes a pressure relieving and sustaining valve connected to the booster pumps and the pump control valves in parallel the pressure of the thermo-fluid so that only a predetermined pressure can be exerted on the booster pumps and pump control valves.  
     
     
         3 . The system as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein a lower end of each booster pump of each of the booster pumping systems is provided with a check valve for preventing pressure on an upstream side with respect to the booster pump from acting on the downstream side thereof upon stop of the booster pump.  
     
     
         4 . The system as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the pressure reducing and sustaining device includes a pressure reducing and sustaining valve, pressure sensor units provided on inlet and outlet sides of the pressure reducing and sustaining valve for sensing the pressure of the thermo-fluid and for allowing control of maintenance of a constant pressure, and a service valve.  
     
     
         5 . The system as claimed in  claim 4 , wherein the pressure reducing and sustaining valve further includes an additional small-diameter pressure reducing and sustaining valve for bypassing the thermo-fluid.  
     
     
         6 . The system as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein a surge tank is installed at the top of a circulation line to communicate therewith, and a pressure relief valve or safety valve and a check valve is installed in the surge tank to communicate therewith, so that the pressure relief valve or safety valve can prevent abrupt pressure fluctuation within the piping system while the check valve can prevent backflow.  
     
     
         7 . The system as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein a water return header of the heat source supply system further includes an expansion tank for absorbing, relieving and regulating expansion pressure, so that pressure fluctuation occurring upon start and stop of the pumps or due to hunting and offset phenomena of the pressure reducing and sustaining valve can be absorbed and regulated.  
     
     
         8 . The system as claimed in  claim 7 , wherein the expansion tank is an air- or nitrogen-pressurized closed tank.  
     
     
         9 . The system as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the heat source supply system is an external district heat supply system for supplying the thermo-fluid to the building.  
     
     
         10 . An very high-rise building utilizing a multi-stage pressure distribution and regulation system for heating and air conditioning units, comprising: 
 one or more heating and cooling loads for areas vertically zoned depending on head pressure according to the heights of stories of a building;    a heat source supply system for supplying thermo-fluid to the respective heating and cooling loads for the vertically zoned areas;    one or more booster pumping systems which are provided between the heat source supply system and the respective heating and cooling loads and each of which includes booster pumps for transferring the thermo-fluid from the heat source supply system to the respective heating and cooling loads and pump control valves for maintaining a predetermined head pressure; and    one or more pressure regulating systems which are installed between output side return lines of the respective heating and cooling loads and the heat source supply system and each of which includes at least one pressure reducing and sustaining device for reducing the pressure of the thermo-fluid outputted from each heating and cooling load and sustaining it at the predetermined head pressure,    wherein the head pressure acting in proportion to the heights of stories of the building is distributed and reduced in a multi-stage manner within a head pressure range for safe use.    
     
     
         11 . The very high-rise building as claimed in  claim 10 , wherein each of the booster pumping systems further includes a pressure relieving and sustaining valves connected to the booster pumps and the pump control valves in parallel in order to control the pressure of the thermo-fluid so that only a predetermined pressure can be exerted on the booster pumps and the pump control valves.  
     
     
         12 . The very high-rise building as claimed in  claim 10 , wherein the pressure reducing and sustaining device includes a pressure reducing and sustaining valve, pressure sensor units provided on inlet and outlet sides of the pressure reducing and sustaining valve for sensing the pressure of the thermo-fluid and for allowing control of maintenance of a constant pressure, and a service valve.  
     
     
         13 . The very high-rise building as claimed in  claim 10 , wherein the heat source supply system is an external district heat supply system for supplying the thermo-fluid to the building.  
     
     
         14 . A pressure control method of a multi-stage pressure distribution and pressure regulation system for heating and air conditioning units, comprising: 
 a first step of supplying thermo-fluid from a heat source supply system to a plurality of heating and cooling loads for areas vertically zoned depending on head pressure while distributing the pressure of the thermo-fluid in a multi-stage manner, by using at least one booster pumping system including booster pumps and pump control valves; and    a second step of returning the thermo-fluid outputted from the plurality of heating and cooling loads to the heat source supply system while reducing the pressure of the thermo-fluid in the multi-stage manner, by using at least one pressure regulating system including a pressure reducing and sustaining device for sustaining a predetermined head pressure.