US2003223956A1PendingUtilityA1

Embolic compositions

56
Priority: Mar 13, 2000Filed: Jun 19, 2003Published: Dec 4, 2003
Est. expiryMar 13, 2020(expired)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Inventors:Dennis W. GoupilHassan ChaoukTroy Vernon HollandBruktawit AsfawStephen D. GoodrichLucas Latini
A61P 7/04A61P 35/00A61P 7/00A61P 15/00A61L 24/06A61B 17/12113C08L 51/003A61L 24/0031C08F 271/02A61L 2430/36A61L 27/16C08L 51/08A61L 29/041C08F 8/30A61B 17/12186C08F 290/14A61B 17/1219A61L 27/52A61L 31/10C08F 261/04C08F 277/00C08F 290/12A61B 17/12195A61B 17/12022A61B 17/12099A61B 17/12122C08F 261/00A61L 27/34C08F 290/00A61L 31/048A61L 29/085
56
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Claims

Abstract

Embolic compositions comprising macromers having a backbone comprising a polymeric backbone comprising units with a 1,2-diol or 1,3-diol structure, such as polyvinyl alcohol, and pendant chains bearing crosslinkable groups and, optionally, other modifiers. When crosslinked, the macromers form hydrogels having many properties advantageous for use as embolic agents to block and fill lumens and spaces. The embolic compositions can be used as liquid embolic agents and crosslinked in situ or as preformed embolic articles, such as microspheres.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
What is claimed is:  
     
         1 . An embolic composition comprising macromers having a polymeric backbone comprising units with a 1,2-diol or 1,3-diol structure and at least two pendant chains bearing crosslinkable groups, wherein the macromers can be crosslinked to form a hydrogel.  
     
     
         2 . The embolic composition of  claim 1 , wherein the polymer is a polyhydroxy polymer.  
     
     
         3 . The embolic composition of  claim 2 , wherein the pendant chains bearing crosslinkable groups are attached to the backbone via the 1,2-diol or 1,3-diol groups.  
     
     
         4 . The embolic composition of  claim 3 , wherein the pendant chains bearing crosslinkable groups are attached to the backbone via cyclic acetal linkages.  
     
     
         5 . The embolic composition of  claim 1 , wherein the backbone polymer comprises poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and copolymers thereof.  
     
     
         6 . The embolic composition of  claim 1 , wherein the macromer comprises units having the formula:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         in which R is a linear or branched C 1 -C 8  alkylene or a linear or branched C 1 -C 12  alkane; R 1  is hydrogen, a C 1 -C 6  alkyl, or a cycloalkyl; R 2  is hydrogen or a C 1 -C 6  alkyl; and R 3  is an olefinically unsaturated electron attracting copolymerizable radical having up to 25 carbon atoms.  
       
     
     
         7 . The embolic composition of  claim 1 , wherein the macromer further comprises pendant modifier groups.  
     
     
         8 . The embolic composition of  claim 1 , further comprising an active agent.  
     
     
         9 . The embolic composition of  claim 1 , wherein the macromers form a hydrogel that is biodegradable.  
     
     
         10 . The embolic composition of  claim 1 , further comprising a contrast agent.  
     
     
         11 . The embolic composition of  claim 1 , further comprising a copolymerizable monomer.  
     
     
         12 . The embolic composition of  claim 1 , wherein the crosslinkable groups are crosslinkable via free radical polymerization.  
     
     
         13 . The embolic composition of  claim 12 , wherein the crosslinkable groups are olefinically unsaturated groups.  
     
     
         14 . The embolic composition of  claim 12 , wherein the free radical polymerization is redox initiated.  
     
     
         15 . The embolic composition of  claim 1 , wherein the macromers are crosslinked into a hydrogel prior to administration to the patient.  
     
     
         16 . The embolic composition of  claim 15 , wherein the hydrogel article is a microsphere.  
     
     
         17 . The embolic composition of  claim 1 , wherein the macromers are polymerized in situ.  
     
     
         18 . An embolic composition comprising macromers that can be crosslinked in situ to form a hydrogel, wherein the macromers have a polymeric backbone comprising units with a 1,2-diol or 1,3-diol structure and at least two pendant chains bearing groups that are crosslinkable via redox initiated free radical polymerization, wherein the composition comprises a first component comprising a reductant and a second component comprising an oxidant wherein the macromers are present in either or both components.  
     
     
         19 . The embolic composition of  claim 18 , wherein the first and second components can be delivered to the intended site of embolization with a microcatheter.  
     
     
         20 . The embolic composition of  claim 18 , wherein the backbone polymer is a polyhydroxy polymer.  
     
     
         21 . The embolic composition of  claim 18 , wherein the pendant chains bearing crosslinkable groups are attached to the backbone via the 1,2-diol or 1,3-diol groups.  
     
     
         22 . The embolic composition of  claim 21 , wherein the pendant chains bearing crosslinkable groups are attached to the backbone via cyclic acetal linkages.  
     
     
         23 . The embolic composition of  claim 18 , wherein the polymer comprises poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and copolymers thereof.  
     
     
         24 . The embolic composition of  claim 18 , wherein the macromer comprises units having the formula:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         in which R is a linear or branched C 1 -C 8  alkylene or a linear or branched C 1 -C 12  alkane; R 1  is hydrogen, a C 1 -C 6  alkyl, or a cycloalkyl; R 2  is hydrogen or a C 1 -C 6  alkyl; and R 3  is an olefinically unsaturated electron attracting copolymerizable radical having up to 25 carbon atoms.  
       
     
     
         25 . The embolic composition of  claim 18 , wherein the macromer further comprises pendant modifier groups.  
     
     
         26 . The embolic composition of  claim 18 , further comprising an active agent.  
     
     
         27 . The embolic composition of  claim 18 , wherein the macromers form a hydrogel that is biodegradable.  
     
     
         28 . The embolic composition of  claim 18 , further comprising a contrast agent.  
     
     
         29 . The embolic composition of  claim 18 , further comprising a copolymerizable monomer.  
     
     
         30 . The embolic composition of  claim 18 , wherein the crosslinkable groups are olefinically unsaturated groups.  
     
     
         31 . A method for embolization, comprising the steps: 
 providing a composition comprising macromers having a polymeric backbone comprising units with a 1,2-diol or 1,3-diol structure and at least two pendant chains bearing crosslinkable groups;    delivering the composition to the intended site of embolization, or upstream of the intended site; and    crosslinking the macromers to form a hydrogel.    
     
     
         32 . The method of  claim 31 , wherein the polymeric backbone comprises a polyhydroxy polymer.  
     
     
         33 . The method of  claim 31 , wherein the pendant chains bearing crosslinkable groups are attached to the backbone via the 1,2-diol or 1,3-diol groups.  
     
     
         34 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein the pendant chains bearing crosslinkable groups are attached to the backbone via cyclic acetal linkages.  
     
     
         35 . The method of  claim 31 , wherein the polymer comprises poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and copolymers thereof.  
     
     
         36 . The method of  claim 31 , wherein the macromer comprises units having the formula:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         in which R is a linear or branched C 1 -C 8  alkylene or a linear or branched C 1 -C 12  alkane; R 1  is hydrogen, a C 1 -C 6  alkyl, or a cycloalkyl; R 2  is hydrogen or a C 1 -C 6  alkyl; and R 3  is an olefinically unsaturated electron attracting copolymerizable radical having up to 25 carbon atoms.  
       
     
     
         37 . The method of  claim 31 , wherein the macromer further comprises pendant modifier groups.  
     
     
         38 . The method of  claim 31 , further comprising administering an active agent.  
     
     
         39 . The method of  claim 38 , wherein the active agent is a chemotherapeutic agent.  
     
     
         40 . The method of  claim 38 , wherein the active agent is encapsulated in the hydrogel and the hydrogel releases the chemotherapeutic agent over a period of time ranging from about 1 day to 6 months.  
     
     
         41 . The method of  claim 31 , wherein the hydrogel is biodegradable.  
     
     
         42 . The method of  claim 31 , further comprising administering a contrast agent.  
     
     
         43 . The method of  claim 31 , wherein the composition further comprises a copolymerizable monomer.  
     
     
         44 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the crosslinkable groups are crosslinkable via free radical polymerization.  
     
     
         45 . The method of  claim 44 , wherein the crosslinkable groups are olefinically unsaturated groups.  
     
     
         46 . The embolic composition of  claim 44 , wherein the free radical polymerization is redox initiated.  
     
     
         47 . The method of  claim 31 , wherein the macromers are crosslinked into a hydrogel prior to delivery of the composition.  
     
     
         48 . The method of  claim 31 , wherein the macromers are polymerized in situ.  
     
     
         49 . The method of  claim 46 , wherein the macromers are crosslinked via redox initiated free radical polymerization and the composition comprises a first component comprising a reductant and a second component comprising an oxidant wherein the macromers are present in either or both components.  
     
     
         50 . An embolic composition comprising hydrogel articles formed from macromers.  
     
     
         51 . The embolic composition of  claim 50 , wherein the macromers have a polymeric backbone comprising units with a 1,2-diol or 1,3-diol structure and at least two pendant chains bearing crosslinkable groups, wherein the macromers are crosslinked to form a hydrogel.  
     
     
         52 . The embolic composition of  claim 51 , wherein the polymeric backbone comprises a polyhydroxy polymer.  
     
     
         53 . The embolic composition of  claim 51 , wherein the pendant chains bearing crosslinkable groups are attached to the backbone via the 1,2-diol or 1,3-diol groups.  
     
     
         54 . The embolic composition of  claim 53 , wherein the pendant chains bearing crosslinkable groups are attached to the backbone via cyclic acetal linkages.  
     
     
         55 . The embolic composition of  claim 51 , wherein the polyhydroxy polymer comprises poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and copolymers thereof.  
     
     
         56 . The embolic composition of  claim 50 , wherein the macromer comprises units having the formula:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         in which R is a linear or branched C 1 -C 8  alkylene or a linear or branched C 1 -C 12  alkane; R 1  is hydrogen, a C 1 -C 6  alkyl, or a cycloalkyl; R 2  is hydrogen or a C 1 -C 6  alkyl; and R 3  is an olefinically unsaturated electron attracting copolymerizable radical having up to 25 carbon atoms.  
       
     
     
         57 . The embolic composition of  claim 51 , wherein the macromer further comprises pendant modifier groups.  
     
     
         58 . The embolic composition of  claim 50 , further comprising an active agent.  
     
     
         59 . The embolic composition of  claim 50 , wherein the hydrogel is biodegradable.  
     
     
         60 . The embolic composition of  claim 50 , further comprising a contrast agent.  
     
     
         61 . The embolic composition of  claim 51 , wherein the crosslinkable groups are crosslinked via free radical polymerization.  
     
     
         62 . The embolic composition of  claim 61 , wherein the crosslinkable groups are olefinically unsaturated groups.  
     
     
         63 . The embolic composition of  claim 61 , wherein the free radical polymerization is redox initiated.  
     
     
         64 . The embolic composition of  claim 50 , wherein the hydrogel articles are microspheres.  
     
     
         65 . The embolic composition of  claim 56 , wherein the hydrogel articles are microspheres.  
     
     
         66 . A method for embolization comprising administering the preformed articles of  claim 50 .  
     
     
         67 . A method for embolization comprising administering the preformed articles of  claim 66 .  
     
     
         68 . A method for embolization comprising administering the embolic composition of  claim 1 .  
     
     
         69 . A method for embolization comprising administering the embolic composition of  claim 18 .  
     
     
         70 . A method for treatment of a uterine fibroid, comprising administering the embolic composition of  claim 1  to a vessel feeding the fibroid to occlude the vessel.  
     
     
         71 . A method for treatment of a tumor, comprising administering the embolic composition of  claim 1  to a vessel feeding the tumor to occlude the vessel.  
     
     
         72 . A method for treatment of an endoleak comprising administering the embolic composition of  claim 1  to seal the endoleak.  
     
     
         73 . The method of  claim 72 , wherein sealing the endoleak comprises partially or completely filling the aneurysm sac with the embolic composition.  
     
     
         74 . A method for treatment of an arteriovenous malformation comprising administering the embolic composition of  claim 1  to occlude the malformation.

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