Processes and systems for using biomineral by-products as a fuel and for NOx removal at coal burning power plants

Abstract

Processes and systems are provided that include introducing ammonia liberated from organic waste to a coal burner in a coal burning power plant, preferably for NO x removal at the power plant. The ammonia is preferably either ammonia liberated upon drying a mixture of organic waste and coal combustion byproducts or ammonia liberated when organic waste is mixed with coal combustion by-products and one or more alkaline additives. Also provided are processes and systems of fueling a coal burner of a power plant with coal and either a dried mixture of organic waste and coal combustion by-products, or a mixture of organic waste, coal combustion by-products and one or more alkaline additives. The present invention is further directed to mixtures of either organic waste and coal combustion by-products, or mixtures of organic waste, coal combustion by-products and alkaline additives made by the processes of the present invention.

We claim:  
     
         1 . A coal burner feedstock comprising coal and a mixture of organic waste/coal combustion by-product/alkaline additive formed by a process comprising 
 mixing organic waste, one or more coal combustion by-products, and one or more alkaline additives to form an organic waste/coal combustion byproduct/alkaline additive mixture having a solids content of at least 50%; and    combining the organic waste/coal combustion by-product/alkaline additive mixture with coal.    
     
     
         2 . The feedstock of  claim 1 , wherein said organic waste/coal combustion byproduct/alkaline additive mixture has a solids content of at least 75%.  
     
     
         3 . The feedstock of  claim 1 , wherein said organic waste/coal combustion byproduct/alkaline additive mixture has a solids content of at least 90%.  
     
     
         4 . The feedstock of  claim 1 , wherein said coal comprises pulverized coal.  
     
     
         5 . The feedstock of  claim 1 , comprising one or more coal combustion byproducts selected from the group consisting of fly ash, fluidized bed ash, flue gas desulfurization by-products and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         6 . The feedstock of  claim 5 , wherein said coal combustion by-product comprises fly ash.  
     
     
         7 . The feedstock of  claim 1 , wherein said alkaline additive is selected from the group consisting of lime, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, cement kiln dust, lime kiln dust and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         8 . The feedstock of  claim 7 , wherein said alkaline additive comprises lime.  
     
     
         9 . The feedstock of  claim 7 , wherein said alkaline additive comprises cement kiln dust.  
     
     
         10 . The feedstock of  claim 7 , wherein said alkaline additive comprises lime kiln dust.  
     
     
         11 . The feedstock of  claim 1 , wherein said organic waste comprises waste selected from the group consisting of sewage sludges, animal manures, pulp and paper waste, fermentation waste, food waste, paper and cardboard, and other industrial organic waste.  
     
     
         12 . A coal burner feedstock comprising coal and a mixture of organic waste/coal combustion by-product formed by a process comprising 
 mixing organic waste and one or more coal combustion by-products to form an organic waste/coal combustion by-product mixture having a solids content of at least 50%; and    combining the organic waste/coal combustion by-product mixture with coal.    
     
     
         13 . The process of  claim 12 , wherein said organic waste/coal combustion byproduct mixture has a solids content of at least 75%.  
     
     
         14 . The process of  claim 12 , wherein said organic waste/coal combustion byproduct mixture has a solids content of at least 90%.  
     
     
         15 . The process of  claim 12 , wherein said coal comprises pulverized coal.  
     
     
         16 . The process of  claim 12 , comprising one or more coal combustion byproducts selected from the group consisting of fly ash, fluidized bed ash, flue gas desulfurization by-products and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         17 . The process of  claim 16 , wherein said coal combustion by-product comprises fly ash.  
     
     
         18 . The process of  claim 12 , wherein said organic waste comprises waste selected from the group consisting of sewage sludges, animal manures, pulp and paper waste, fermentation waste, food waste, paper and cardboard, and other industrial organic waste.  
     
     
         19 . A coal burner feed stock comprising 
 coal and an organic waste/coal combustion by-product mixture, wherein said organic waste/coal combustion by-product mixture has a solids content of at least 50%.    
     
     
         20 . The feedstock of  claim 19 , wherein said organic waste/coal combustion by-product mixture has a solids content of at least 75%.  
     
     
         21 . The feedstock of  claim 19 , wherein said organic waste/coal combustion by-product mixture has a solids content of at least 90%.  
     
     
         22 . The feedstock of  claim 19 , wherein said coal comprises pulverized coal  
     
     
         23 . The feedstock of  claim 19 , comprising one or more coal combustion by-products selected from the group consisting of fly ash, fluidized bed ash, flue gas desulfurization by-products and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         24 . The feedstock of  claim 23 , wherein said coal combustion by-product comprises fly ash.  
     
     
         25 . The feedstock of  claim 19 , wherein said organic waste comprises waste selected from the group consisting of sewage sludges, animal manures, pulp and paper waste, fermentation waste, food waste, paper and cardboard, and other industrial organic waste.  
     
     
         26 . The feedstock of  claim 19 , further comprising an alkaline additive selected from the group consisting of lime, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, cement kiln dust, lime kiln dust and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         27 . The feedstock of  claim 26 , wherein said alkaline additive comprises lime.  
     
     
         28 . The feedstock of  claim 26 , wherein said alkaline additive comprises cement kiln dust.  
     
     
         29 . The feedstock of  claim 26 , wherein said alkaline additive comprises lime kiln dust.