Influencing the profile of the properties of a web by means of an acoustic field

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for the processing of a fiber web or a suspension layer in a paper-, cardboard- or coating-machine or a size press for influencing the profile of the properties of a web by means of at least one sectional, directed acoustic (sound) field. In other words, the acoustic field is narrower than the width of the fiber web or the suspension layer, and the acoustic field affects components of the fiber web or suspension layer at a defined angle. Profiles of the properties of a web influenced by acoustic fields are lamination, spatial orientation, fiber orientation, dry content, breaking length ratio, flocculation and color coat thickness. Furthermore, the introduction of a signature mark into the fiber web or suspension layer is possible.

1 . Method for the processing of a fiber web or a suspension layer ( 12 ) in a paper-, cardboard- or coating-machine or a size press for influencing of a profile of properties, characterized in that, 
 said influencing of a profile of properties uses at least one sectional, directed sound field ( 25 ), which means that the sound field is narrower than the width of the fiber web or the suspension layer ( 12 ) and that the sound field affects, under a defined angle, the components of the fiber web or suspension layer ( 12 ).    
     
     
         2 . Method as in  claim 1 , characterized in that, 
 said profile of properties is a profile—a so called Z-profile—which is perpendicular to the plane of the fiber web or suspension layer ( 12 ).    
     
     
         3 . Method as in at least  claim 1  or  2 , characterized in that, 
 said profile of properties is a cross profile, which means, that this profile is orientated crosswise to the running direction ( 15 ,  16 ) and to the plane of the fiber web or suspension layer ( 12 ).  
 
     
     
         4 . Method according to any of the  claims 1  to  3 , characterized in that, 
 an emitter ( 22 ) generates said sound field by means of a liquid transmitting media ( 27 ).  
 
     
     
         5 . Method according to any of the  claims 1  to  4 , characterized in that, 
 at least one further sectional, directed sound field ( 25 ) affects the components of the fiber web or suspension layer ( 12 ) of this section, wherein this further sound field ( 25 )—in view of the running direction ( 15 ,  16 )—can be offset to the first sound field ( 25 ).  
 
     
     
         6 . Method as in  claim 5 , characterized in that, 
 the first sound field ( 25 ) and the second sound field ( 25 ) simultaneously affect the components of the fiber web or suspension layer ( 12 ) and interfere—at least partly—with each other.    
     
     
         7 . Method according to any of the  claims 1  to  6 , characterized in that, 
 the second sound field ( 25 )—at least partly—will generated by the first sound field ( 25 ) by means of reflection.  
 
     
     
         8 . Method according to any of the  claims 1  to  7  characterized in that, 
 a standing wave ( 49 ) affects the components of the fiber web or suspension layer ( 12 ).  
 
     
     
         9 . Method as in  claim 8 , characterized in that, 
 the standing wave ( 49 ) consists of a sound field ( 25 ) and of its—at least partly—reflection.    
     
     
         10 . Method according to any of the  claims 1  to  9 , characterized in that, 
 the direction of the sound field ( 25 ) will be deflected by means of refraction at its transition from solid to liquid matter.  
 
     
     
         11 . Method according to any of the  claims 1  to  10 , characterized in that, 
 by means of at least one sound field ( 25 ) the lamination of the fiber web or the suspension layer ( 12 ) will be influenced in its Z-direction.  
 
     
     
         12 . Method according to any of the  claims 1  to  11 , characterized in that, 
 by means of at least one sound field ( 25 ) the orientation to the spatial axis of the components of the fiber web or suspension layer ( 12 ) will be influenced.  
 
     
     
         13 . Method according to any of the  claims 1  to  12 , characterized in that, 
 by means of at least one sound field ( 25 ) the fiber orientation—this means the fibers in the plane of fiber web or suspension layer ( 12 )—will be influenced.  
 
     
     
         14 . Method according to any of the  claims 1  to  13 , characterized in that, 
 by means of at least one sound field ( 25 ), the dry content of a fiber web or suspension layer ( 12 ) will be influenced.  
 
     
     
         15 . Method according to any of the  claims 1  to  14 , characterized in that, 
 by means of at least one sound field ( 25 ), the breaking length ratio of a fiber web or suspension layer ( 12 ) will be influenced.  
 
     
     
         16 . Method according to any of the  claims 1  to  15 , characterized in that, 
 by means of at least one sound field ( 25 ), the flocculation of a fiber web or suspension layer ( 12 ) will be influenced.  
 
     
     
         17 . Method according to any of the  claims 1  to  16 , characterized in that, 
 by means of at least one sound field ( 25 ), the color coat thickness of a fiber web or suspension layer ( 12 ) will be influenced.  
 
     
     
         18 . Method according to any of the  claims 1  to  17 , characterized in that, 
 by means of at least one sound field ( 25 ), the liquid thickness of a size press of a fiber web or suspension layer ( 12 ) will be influenced.  
 
     
     
         19 . Method according to any of the  claims 1  to  18 , characterized in that, 
 by means of at least one sound field ( 25 ), at least two layers of fiber webs or suspension layers ( 12 ) will be woven together.  
 
     
     
         20 . Method according to any of the  claims 1  to  19 , characterized in that, 
 at least one sound field ( 25 ) will operate intermittently.  
 
     
     
         21 . Method according to any of the  claims 1  to  20 , characterized in that, 
 the vibrations of at least one sound field ( 25 ) are generated by superposition of at least two vibrations, which have several frequencies.  
 
     
     
         22 . Method according to any of the  claims 1  to  21 , characterized in that, 
 the frequency of the sound field ( 25 ) amounts to more than 20,000 Hertz.  
 
     
     
         23 . Paper or cardboard according to any of the  claims 1  to  22 , characterized in that, 
 at least one profile of properties of a web influenced by means of one sectional, directed sound field ( 25 ).  
 
     
     
         24 . Paper or cardboard as in  claim 23 , characterized in that, 
 the fiber web or the suspension layer ( 12 ) contains at least one signature ( 40 ) which is generated by means of at least one sound field ( 25 ).    
     
     
         25 . Paper or cardboard as in  claim 23  or  24 , characterized in that, 
 the fiber web or suspension layer ( 12 ) contains magnetizeable particles.  
 
     
     
         26 . Paper or cardboard to any of the  claims 23  to  25 , characterized in that, 
 the fiber web or suspension layer ( 12 ) contains volume elasticated particles.  
 
     
     
         27 . Paper or cardboard to any of the  claims 23  to  26 , characterized in that, 
 a metal strip in the fiber web or suspension layer ( 12 ) will be fixed in its position by means of least one sound field ( 25 ).  
 
     
     
         28 . Device for the processing of a fiber web or suspension layer ( 12 ) in a paper-, cardboard- or coating-machine or size press of influencing of a profile of properties, characterized in that, 
 at least one sectional emitter ( 22 ) generates a sound field ( 25 ),    between the emitter ( 22 ) and the components of the fiber web or suspension layer ( 12 ) a liquid transmitting media ( 27 ) is arranged.    
     
     
         29 . Device as in  claim 28 , characterized in that, 
 the emitter ( 22 ) is arranged in a wire section (former).    
     
     
         30 . Device as in  claim 28 , characterized in that, 
 the emitter ( 22 ) is arranged in a press section for dewatering or heating of the water, wherein the surface of the emitter ( 22 ) is directly directed to the press felt or to the fiber web.    
     
     
         31 . Device as in  claim 28 , characterized in that, 
 the emitter ( 22 ) is arranged in a drying section for heating of the water, wherein the surface of the emitter ( 22 ) is directly directed to the fiber web.    
     
     
         32 . Device as in  claim 28 , characterized in that, 
 the emitter ( 22 ) is arranged in the coating station of a coating machine.    
     
     
         33 . Device as in  claim 28 , characterized in that, 
 the emitter ( 22 ) is arranged in a size press.    
     
     
         34 . Device to any of the  claims 28  to  33 , characterized in that, 
 the emitter ( 22 ) is provided with a supply pipe ( 43 ) for the transmitting media ( 27 ).  
 
     
     
         35 . Device to any of the  claims 28  to  34 , characterized in that, 
 the emitter ( 22 ) is provided with an outlet pipe ( 44 ) for the transmitting media ( 27 , wherein the outlet pipe ( 44 ) is arranged preferable at the highest point of the transmitting media ( 27 ) at the emitter ( 22   
 
     
     
         36 . Device to any of the  claims 28  to  35 , characterized in that, 
 at least one reflector ( 33 ) is related to the emitter ( 22 ).  
 
     
     
         37 . Device as in  claim 36 , characterized in that, 
 the reflector ( 33 ) substantially is designed flat.    
     
     
         38 . Device as in  claim 36 , characterized in that, 
 the reflector ( 33 ) is designed concavely, preferably parabolic.    
     
     
         39 . Device as in  claim 36 , characterized in that, 
 the reflector ( 33 ) is designed like a sawtooth.    
     
     
         40 . Device as in  claim 36 , characterized in that, 
 the reflector ( 33 ) is designed like a hollow triple-prism.    
     
     
         41 . Device as in  claim 40 , characterized in that, 
 the at least one hollow triple-prism consists of individual lamella.    
     
     
         42 . Device to any of the  claims 28  to  41 , characterized in that, 
 the housing ( 24 ) of the emitter ( 22 ) has at its end, which is facing to the fiber web ( 12 ) or to the wire ( 1 ,  2 ), a sliding surface ( 45 ).  
 
     
     
         43 . Device to any of the  claims 28  to  42 , characterized in that, 
 the sound field ( 25 ) will moved by means of a motor, preferably moved by a stepping motor.  
 
     
     
         44 . Device to any of the  claims 28  to  42 , characterized in that, 
 few sound fields ( 25 ) are, by means of conduits ( 55 ) with a—preferably star-shaped—writing head ( 53 ), aligned to the fiber web or suspension layer ( 12 ).  
 
     
     
         45 . Device to any of the  claims 28  to  42 , characterized in that, 
 the—at least—one emitter ( 22 ) is mounted at a traverse ( 57 ) and that the traverse ( 57 ) is preferably cross directionally orientated to the machine.  
 
     
     
         46 . Device as in  claim 45 , characterized in that,