Liquid crystal display and method of manufacturing the same

Abstract

This invention has its objects to provide a liquid crystal display exhibiting excellent display quality having good contrast which quality is not influenced by light leakage resulting from spacers due to the fact that most of the spacers are arranged under a black matrix. This invention is related to a liquid crystal display having a liquid crystal injected into a gap between two substrates arranged to oppose each other through spacers, wherein at least one of said two substrates is a substrate on which a black matrix is formed; at least one of the two substrates is a substrate constituted by aligning a plurality of transparent electrodes; not less than 50% of the spacers are arranged just under a position of the black matrix; and the spacers arranged just under the position of the black matrix are arranged along the transparent electrodes.

1 . A liquid crystal display having a liquid crystal injected into a gap between two substrates arranged to oppose each other through spacers, 
 wherein at least one of said two substrates is a substrate on which a black matrix is formed;    at least one of said two substrates is a substrate constituted by aligning a plurality of transparent electrodes;    not less than 50% of said spacers are arranged just under a position of said black matrix; and    said spacers arranged just under the position of said black matrix are arranged along said transparent electrodes.    
     
     
         2 . The liquid crystal display according to  claim 1  having a liquid crystal injected into a gap between two substrates arranged to oppose each other through spacers, 
 wherein at least one of said two substrates is a substrate on which a black matrix is formed;  
 at least one of said two substrates is a substrate on which a stripe transparent electrode constituted by arranging a plurality of linear transparent electrodes in parallel;  
 not less than 50% of said spacers are arranged just under a position of said black matrix;  
 said spacers arranged just under the position of said black matrix are arranged linearly in parallel to the linear transparent electrodes constituting said stripe transparent electrode.  
 
     
     
         3 . The liquid crystal display according to  claim 1  or  2 , 
 wherein at least one of said two substrates is a substrate on which a color filter is formed.  
 
     
     
         4 . The liquid crystal display according to  claim 1 ,  2  or  3 , 
 wherein the number of the spacers per mm 2  of a liquid crystal display surface is about 20 to 500 on average,  
 and a width of each line of the spacers arranged linearly is not more than 5 mm.  
 
     
     
         5 . The liquid crystal display according to  claim 1 ,  2 ,  3  or  4 , 
 wherein both of said two substrates are substrates on which stripe transparent electrodes are formed, respectively, the spacers are arranged onto one of said two substrates on which the stripe transparent electrodes are formed, respectively.  
 
     
     
         6 . The liquid crystal display according to  claim 1 ,  2 ,  3 ,  4  or  5 , 
 wherein both of two substrates are substrates on which stripe transparent electrodes are formed respectively, and the spacers are arranged onto both of said two substrates on which the strip transparent electrodes are formed, respectively, directions of the stripe transparent electrodes of said two substrates are perpendicular to each other.  
 
     
     
         7 . The liquid crystal display according to  claim 1 ,  2 ,  3 ,  4 ,  5  or  6  
 wherein a line width of the black matrix in a direction of the spacers arranged linearly is set larger than a line width of the black matrix in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the spacers arranged linearly.  
 
     
     
         8 . The liquid crystal display according to  claim 1 ,  2 ,  3 ,  4  or  7 , 
 wherein only one of two substrates is a substrate on which a stripe transparent electrode is formed and a thin film transistor is formed on the other substrate.  
 
     
     
         9 . A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display wherein spacers are spread onto at least one of a first substrate on which a plurality of electrodes are aligned and a second substrate arranged on the first substrate to oppose the first substrate and a liquid crystal are injected into a gap between the both substrates, 
 which comprises the steps of 
 charging and then spreading said spacers, applying voltages having two or more different voltage values to said plural electrodes, controlling an electric field generated above the electrodes, and thereby selectively arranging said spacers only between predetermined electrodes among said electrodes adjacent each other.  
   
     
     
         10 . The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to  claim 9 , 
 wherein the spacers are spread while applying voltages having different voltage values to a plurality of electrodes formed to be aligned with one another and thereby alternately forming an area having a relatively high potential (+(positive)) and an area having a relatively low potential (−(negative)); and    a method of applying said voltages having different voltage values to said electrodes is based on a certain application pattern in which an electric field (electric lines of force) formed based on the voltages having different voltage values applied to said plural electrodes causes positions at which attracting forces act on said spacers most strongly and/or repulsive forces act on said spacers most weakly to be matched with positions of gaps between said plural electrodes.    
     
     
         11 . The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to  claim 9  or  10 , 
 wherein the predetermined electrodes between which the spacers are selectively arranged are adjacent electrodes applied with a same potential.  
 
     
     
         12 . The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to  claim 9 ,  10  or  11 , wherein 
 the predetermined electrodes between which the spacers are selectively arranged are electrodes given a lowest potential among the voltages having two or more different voltage values applied to said plural electrodes if said spacers are positively charged or electrodes given a highest potential if said spacers are negatively charged.  
 
     
     
         13 . The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to  claim 9 ,  10 ,  11  or  12 , 
 wherein a polarity of a potential with which the spacers are charged is the same as a polarity of different potentials having two or more values and applied to said plural electrodes.  
 
     
     
         14 . The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display wherein spacers are spread onto a first substrate having a stripe transparent electrode constituted by aligning a plurality of linear transparent electrodes in parallel, a second substrate is arranged above the first substrate to oppose the first substrate and a liquid crystal are injected to a gap between the substrates, 
 wherein spreading said spacers is curried out by applying voltages having different voltage values to said plural linear transparent electrodes aligned in parallel and thereby alternately forming an area having a relatively high potential (+(positive)) and an area having a relatively low potential (−(negative)) on said stripe transparent electrode;    a method of applying the voltages having different voltage values to said linear transparent electrodes is based on a certain application pattern in which at least one of a relatively +(positive) trough (1) and a relatively −(negative) trough (2) in an electric field (electric lines of force) formed based on the voltages having different voltage values applied to said plural linear transparent electrodes is matched with a position of a gap between said plural linear transparent electrodes.    
     
     
         15 . A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display wherein spacers are spread onto a first substrate having a stripe linear electrode constituted by aligning a plurality of linear transparent electrodes in parallel, a second substrate is arranged above the first substrate to oppose the first substrate and a liquid crystal are injected into a gap between the substrates, 
 spreading said spacers is curried out by applying voltages having different voltage values to said plural linear transparent electrodes aligned in parallel and thereby alternately forming an area having a relatively high potential (+(positive)) and an area having a relatively low potential (−(negative)); and    a method of applying the voltages having different voltage values to the linear transparent electrodes is based on a certain application pattern in which at least one of a position at which electric lines of force formed based on the voltages having different voltage values applied to plural transparent electrodes diverge to both sides and a position at which the electric lines of force formed by said electric lines of force converge from the both sides, is matched with a position of a gap between said plurality linear transparent electrodes.    
     
     
         16 . The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to  claim 14  or  15 , 
 wherein a method of applying the voltages having different voltage values to the electrodes is based on a certain application pattern in which not less than one type of a voltage higher than a certain voltage is applied to a plurality of voltages aligned in parallel and not less than one type of a voltage lower than a certain voltage is applied to not less than one electrode in front of and back of and adjacent to said plural electrodes.  
 
     
     
         17 . The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to  claim 14 ,  15  or  16 , 
 wherein a method of applying the voltages having different voltage values is based on a certain application pattern in which not less than one type of a voltage not less than a certain voltage (V1) is applied to a plurality of linear transparent electrodes aligned and not less than one type of a voltage not more than a certain voltage (V2) is applied to not less than one linear transparent electrode in front and back of and adjacent to the plural linear transparent electrodes,  
 the number of said plural linear transparent electrodes is even,  
 and if a polarity of charge of the spacers is −(negative), said voltages V1 and V2 satisfy a relationship of V2<V1.  
 
     
     
         18 . The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to  claim 14 ,  15  or  16 , 
 wherein the method of applying the voltages having different voltage values is based on a certain application pattern in which not less than one type of a voltage not more than a certain voltage (V1) is applied to a plurality of linear transparent electrodes aligned and not less than one type of a voltage not less than a certain voltage (V2) is applied to not less than one linear transparent electrode in front and back of and adjacent to said plural linear transparent electrodes,  
 the number of said plural linear transparent electrodes is even,  
 and if a polarity of charge of the spacers is +(positive), said voltages V1 and V2 satisfy a relationship of V1<V2.  
 
     
     
         19 . The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to  claim 17 , 
 wherein the method of applying the voltages having different voltage values is based on the certain application pattern in which not less than one type of a voltage not less than the certain voltage (V1) is applied to said plural linear transparent electrodes aligned and not less than one type of a voltage not more than the certain voltage (V2) is applied to not less than one linear transparent electrode in front and back of and adjacent to the plural linear transparent electrodes,    the number of said plural linear transparent electrodes is even,    and said voltage V1 has a reversed polarity to a polarity of charge of the spacers.    
     
     
         20 . The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to  claim 18 , 
 wherein the method of applying the voltages having different voltage values is based on the certain application pattern in which not less than one type of a voltage not more than the certain voltage (V1) is applied to said plural linear transparent electrodes aligned and not less than one type of a voltage not less than the certain voltage (V2) is applied to not less than one linear transparent electrode in front and back of and adjacent to said plural linear transparent electrodes,    the number of said plural linear transparent electrodes is even,    and said voltage V1 has a reversed polarity to a polarity of charge of the spacers.    
     
     
         21 . The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to  claim 17 , 
 wherein the method of applying the voltages having different voltage values is based on the certain application pattern in which not less than one type of a voltage not less than the certain voltage (V1) is applied to said plural linear transparent electrodes aligned and not less than one type of a voltage not more than the certain voltage (V2) is applied to not less than one linear transparent electrode in front and back of and adjacent to said plural linear transparent electrodes;    said voltages V1 and V2 have the same polarity as a polarity of charge of the spacers.    
     
     
         22 . The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to  claim 18 , 
 wherein the method of applying the voltages having different voltage values is based on the certain application pattern in which not less than one type of a voltage not more than the certain voltage (V1) is applied to said plural linear transparent electrodes aligned and not less than one type of a voltage not less than the certain voltage (V2) is applied to not less than one linear transparent electrode in front and back of and adjacent to said plural linear transparent electrodes,    the number of said plural linear transparent electrodes is even,    and said voltages V1 and V2 have the same polarity as a polarity of charge of the spacers.    
     
     
         23 . A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display wherein spreading spacers is repeatedly conducted a plurality of times by applying voltages to the respective linear transparent electrodes based on the certain application pattern in the method according to  claim 9 ,  10 ,  11 ,  12 ,  13 ,  14 ,  15 ,  16 ,  17 ,  18 ,  19 ,  20 ,  21  or  22 , 
 said plural application of spacers are repeatedly conducted while continuously moving the certain application pattern along the linear transparent electrodes.  
 
     
     
         24 . A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display wherein spreading spacers is repeatedly conducted a plurality of times by applying voltages to the respective linear transparent electrodes based on the certain application pattern in the method according to  claim 9 ,  10 ,  11 ,  12 ,  13 ,  14 ,  15 ,  16 ,  17 ,  18 ,  19 ,  20 ,  21  or  22 , 
 said plural application of spacers is repeatedly conducted while changing the certain application pattern to another pattern.  
 
     
     
         25 . The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to  claim 9 ,  10 ,  11 ,  12 ,  13 ,  14 ,  15 ,  16 ,  17 ,  18 ,  19 ,  20 ,  21 ,  22 ,  23  or  24 , 
 wherein application of voltages to the respective linear transparent electrodes is conducted by using a prober.  
 
     
     
         26 . The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to  claim 9 ,  10 ,  11 ,  12 ,  13 ,  14 ,  15 ,  16 ,  17 ,  18 ,  19 ,  20 ,  21 ,  22 ,  23 ,  24  or  25 , 
 wherein application of voltages to one or more of linear transparent electrodes to be applied with two or more different potentials is carried out by a common conductive line, the common conductive line provided to make the respective linear transparent electrodes continuous to both ends or one end of the respective linear transparent electrodes.  
 
     
     
         27 . The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to  claim 9 ,  10 ,  11 ,  12 ,  13 ,  17 ,  19 ,  21 ,  23 ,  24 ,  25  or  26 , 
 wherein application of voltages to linear transparent electrodes to be applied with not less than one type of a voltage not less than a certain voltage (V1) is carried out by a common conductive line, for a same voltage, the conductive line provided to make the respective linear transparent electrodes continuous to one end of both ends of the respective linear transparent electrodes, and application of voltage to linear transparent electrodes to be applied with not less than one type of a voltage not more than a certain voltage (V2) is carried out by a common conductive line, the conductive line provided to make the respective transparent electrodes continuous to the other end of the both ends of the respective linear transparent electrodes.  
 
     
     
         28 . The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to claim  91   10 ,  11 ,  12 ,  13 ,  18 ,  20 ,  22 ,  23 ,  24 ,  25  or  26 , 
 wherein application of voltages to linear transparent electrodes to be applied with not less than one type of a voltage not more than a certain voltage (V1) is carried out by a common conductive line, for a same voltage, the conductive line provided to make the respective linear transparent electrodes continuous to one end of both ends of the respective linear transparent electrodes, and application of voltage to linear transparent electrodes to be applied with not less than one type of a voltage not less than a certain voltage (V2) is carried out by a common conductive line, the conductive line provided to make the respective transparent electrodes continuous to the other end of the both ends of the respective linear transparent electrodes.  
 
     
     
         29 . The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to  claim 14 ,  15 ,  16 ,  17 ,  18 ,  19 ,  20 ,  21 ,  22 ,  23 ,  24 ,  25 ,  26 ,  27  or  28 , 
 wherein a distance between the linear transparent electrodes aligned with each other and applied with different voltages is set longer than a distance between the linear transparent electrodes aligned with each other and applied with a same voltage.  
 
     
     
         30 . A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display wherein spacers are spread onto a first substrate having a stripe transparent electrode constituted by aligning a plurality of linear transparent electrodes in parallel, a second substrate is arranged above the first substrate to oppose the first substrate and a liquid crystal are injected into a gap between the substrates, 
 spreading said spacers is curried out by applying a voltage of a reversed polarity to a polarity of charge of said spacers and a voltage of the same polarity as the polarity of charge of said spacers to said plural linear transparent electrodes aligned in parallel,    and a method of applying voltages of reverse and same polarities comprises applying a voltage of the reversed polarity to two linear transparent electrodes, respectively, applying a voltage of the same polarity to one linear transparent electrode and applying voltages so that the arrangement of these adjacent three linear transparent electrode becomes a unit to be repeated, thereby spreading the spacers in the gap between the adjacent two linear transparent electrodes applied with the reversed polarity.    
     
     
         31 . The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to  claim 30 , 
 wherein the method of applying voltages of the reversed polarity and the same polarity comprises repeatedly applying a voltage of the reversed polarity, a voltage of the reversed polarity and a voltage of the same polarity in this order.    
     
     
         32 . The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to  claim 30 , 
 wherein the method of applying voltages of the reversed polarity and the same polarity comprises repeatedly applying a voltage of the reversed polarity, a voltage of the same polarity and a voltage of the reversed polarity in this order.    
     
     
         33 . The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to  claim 30 , 
 wherein the method of applying voltages of the reversed polarity and the same polarity comprises repeatedly applying a voltage of the same polarity, a voltage of the reversed polarity and a voltage of the reversed polarity in this order.    
     
     
         34 . The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to  claim 30 , 
 wherein the method of applying voltages of the reversed polarity and the same polarity is to repeatedly conduct at least two of three methods of (1) a method of repeatedly applying a voltage of the reversed polarity, a voltage of the reversed polarity and a voltage of the same polarity in this order; (2) a method of repeatedly applying a voltage of the reversed polarity, a voltage of the same polarity and a voltage of the reversed polarity in this order; and (3) a method of repeatedly applying a voltage of the same polarity, a voltage of the reversed polarity and a voltage of the reversed polarity in this order.    
     
     
         33 . A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to  claim 30 , wherein 
 the method of applying voltages of the reversed polarity and the same polarity comprises repeatedly applying a voltage of the same polarity, a voltage of the reversed polarity and a voltage of the reversed polarity in this order.    
     
     
         34 . A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to  claim 30 , wherein 
 the method of applying voltages of the reversed polarity and the same polarity is to repeatedly conduct at least two of three methods of (1) a method of repeatedly applying a voltage of the reversed polarity, a voltage of the reversed polarity and a voltage of the same polarity in this order; (2) a method of repeatedly applying a voltage of the reversed polarity, a voltage of the same polarity and a voltage of the reversed polarity in this order; and (3) a method of repeatedly applying a voltage of the same polarity, a voltage of the reversed polarity and a voltage of the reversed polarity in this order.    
     
     
         35 . (Added) A liquid crystal display which is manufactured by the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to  claim 9 ,  10 ,  11 ,  12 ,  13 ,  14 ,  15 ,  16 ,  17 ,  18 ,  19 ,  20 ,  21 ,  22 ,  23 ,  24 ,  25 ,  26 ,  27 ,  28 ,  29 ,  30 ,  31 ,  32 ,  33  or  34 .