Composition for dyeing keratinous fibres with a cationic direct dye and an anionic surfactant

Abstract

The invention relates to a composition for dyeing keratinous fibres, in particular human keratinous fibres such as hair, comprising, in an appropriate dyeing medium, at least one cationic direct dye of a given formula, and which is characterized in that it contains, in addition, at least one anionic surfactant chosen from the group consisting of acyl isethionates, acyl taurates, sulphosuccinates, acyl sarcosinates, acyl glutamates, polyoxyalkylenated ether carboxylic acids and their salts, fatty glucamide sulphates, alkyl galactoside uronates, anionic derivatives of alkyl polyglucosides and mixtures thereof. The invention also relates to the dyeing methods and devices using it.

1 . Composition for dyeing keratinous fibres and in particular human keratinous fibres such as hair, containing in an appropriate dyeing medium, (i) at least compound chosen from those of the following formulae (I), (II), (III), (III′), (IV): 
 a) the compounds of the following formula (I):  
                     
 in which: 
 D represents a nitrogen atom or the —CH group,  
 R 1  and R 2 , which are identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom; a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical which may be substituted with a —CN, —OH or —NH 2  radical or form with a carbon atom of the benzene ring an optionally oxygen-containing or nitrogen-containing heterocycle which may be substituted with one or more C 1 -C 4  alkyl radicals; a 4′-aminophenyl radical,  
 R 3  and R′ 3 , which are identical or different, represent a hydrogen or halogen atom chosen from chlorine, bromine, iodine and fluorine, a cyano, C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy or acetyloxy radical,  
 X −  represents an anion which is preferably chosen from chloride, methylsulphate and acetate,  
 A represents a group chosen from the following structures A 1  to A 19 :  
                                       
 in which R 4  represents a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical which may be substituted with a hydroxyl radical and R 5  represents a C 1 -C 4  alkoxy radical, with the proviso that when D represents —CH, A represents A 4  or A 13  and R 3  is different from an alkoxy radical, then R 1  and R 2  do not simultaneously denote a hydrogen atom;  
 
 b) the compounds of the following formula (II):  
                     
 in which: 
 R 6  represents a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical,  
 R 7  represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl radical which may be substituted with a —CN radical or with an amino group, a 4′-aminophenyl radical or forms with R 6  anoptionally oxygen-containing and/or nitrogen-containing heterocycle which may be substituted with a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical,  
 R 8  and R 9 , which are identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom such as bromine, chlorine, iodine or fluorine, a C 1 -C 4  alkyl or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy radical, a —CN radical,  
 X −  represents an anion which is preferably chosen from chloride, methylsulphate and acetate,  
 
 B represents a group chosen from the following structures B1 to B6:  
                     
 in which R 10  represents a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical, R 11  and R 12 , which are identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical;  
 c) the compounds of the following formulae (III) and (III′):  
                     
 in which: 
 R 13  represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 4  alkoxy radical, a halogen atom such as bromine, chlorine, iodine or fluorine or an amino radical,  
 R 14  represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical or forms with a carbon atom of the benzene ring a heterocycle which is optionally oxygen-containing and/or substituted with one or more C 1 -C 4  alkyl groups,  
 R 15  represents a hydrogen or halogen atom such as bromine, chlorine, iodine of fluorine,  
 R 16  and R 17 , which are identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical,  
 D 1  and D 2 , which are identical or different, represent a nitrogen atom or the -CH group,  
 m=0 or 1,  
 it being understood that when R 13  represents an unsubstituted amino group, then D 1  and D 2  simultaneously represent a —CH group and m=0,  
 X −  represents an anion which is preferably chosen from chloride, methylsulphate and acetate,  
 E represents a group chosen from the following structures E1 to E8:  
                     
 in which R′ represents a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical;  
 when m=0 and D 1  represents a nitrogen atom, then E may also denote a group having the following structure E9:  
                     
 in which R′ represents a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical,  
 
 d) the compounds of the following formula (IV):  
 G—N══N—J  (IV)  
 in which: 
 the symbol G represents a group chosen from the following structures G 1  to G 3 :  
                     
 in which structures G 1  to G 3 ,  
 R 18  denotes a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical, a phenyl radical which may be substituted with a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical or a halogen atom chosen from chlorine, bromine, iodine and fluorine;  
 R 19  denotes a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical or a phenyl radical;  
 R 20  and R 21 , which are identical or different, represent a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical, a phenyl radical, or form together in G 1  a benzene ring which is substituted with one or more C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy or NO 2  radicals, or form together in G 2  a benzene ring which is optionally substituted with one or more C 1 -C 4  alkyl, C 1 -C 4  alkoxy or NO 2  radicals;  
 R 20  may denote, in addition, a hydrogen atom;  
 Z denotes an oxygen or sulphur atom or an —NR 19  group;  
 M represents a group —CH, —CR (R denoting C 1 -C 4  alkyl), or —NR 22 (X − ) r ;  
 K represents a group —CH, —CR (R denoting C 1 -C 4  alkyl), or —NR 22 (X − ) r ;  
 P represents a group —CH, —CR (R denoting C 1 -C 4  alkyl), or —NR 22 (X − ) r ; r denotes zero or 1;  
 R 22  represents an O −  atom, a C 1 -C 4  alkoxy radical or a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical;  
 R 23  and R 24 , which are identical or different, represent a hydrogen or halogen atom chosen from chlorine, bromine, iodine and fluorine, a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical, a C 1 -C 4  alkoxy radical or an —NO 2  radical;  
 X −  represents an anion which is preferably chosen from chloride, iodide, methylsulphate, ethylsulphate, acetate and perchlorate;  
 with the proviso that  
 if R 22  denotes O 31  , then r denotes zero;  
 if K or P or M denote —N—(C 1 -C 4  alkyl)X − , then R 23  or R 24  is different from a hydrogen atom;  
 if K denotes —NR 22 (X − ) r′ , then M=P=—CH, —CR;  
 if M denotes —NR 22 (X − ) r , then K=P=—CH, —CR;  
 if P denotes —NR 22 (X − ) r , then K=M and denote —CH or —CR;  
 if Z denotes a sulphur atom with R 21  denoting C 1 -C 4  alkyl, then R 20  is different from a hydrogen atom;  
 if Z denotes —NR 22  with R 19  denoting C 1 -C 4  alkyl, then at least one of the R 18 , R 20  or R 21  radicals of G 2  is different from a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical;  
 
 the symbol J represents:  
 (a) a group having the following structure J 1 :  
                     
 in which structure J 1 , 
 R 25  represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom chosen from chlorine, bromine, iodine and fluorine, a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical, a C 1 -C4 alkoxy radical, a radical —OH, —NO 2 , —NHR 28 , —NR 29 R 30 , —NHCO(C 1 -C 4 alkyl), or forms with  
 R 26  a 5- or 6-membered ring containing or otherwise one or more heteroatoms chosen from nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur;  
 R 26  represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom chosen from chlorine, bromine, iodine and fluorine, a C 1 -C 4  alkyl or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy radical, or forms with R 27  or R 28  a 5- or 6-membered ring containing or otherwise one or more heteroatoms chosen from nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur;  
 R 27  represents a hydrogen atom, an —OH radical, an —NHR 28  radical, an —NR 29 R 30  radical;  
 R 28  represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical, a C 1 -C4 monohydroxyalkyl radical, a C 2 -C 4  polyhydroxyalkyl radical, a phenyl radical;  
 R 29  and R 30 , which are identical or different, represent a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical, a C 1 -C 4  monohydroxyalkyl radical, a C 2 -C 4  polyhydroxyalkyl radical;  
 
 (b) a 5- or 6- membered nitrogen-containing heterocycle group which is capable of containing other heteroatoms and/or carbonyl-containing groups and which may be substituted with one or more C 1 -C 4  alkyl, amino or phenyl radicals,  
 and in particular a group having the following structure J 2 :  
                     
 in which structure J 2 , 
 R 31  and R 32 , which are identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical, a phenyl radical;  
 Y denotes the —CO—radical or the radical  
                     
 n=0 or 1, with, when n denotes 1, U denotes the —CO—radical.  
 the said composition being characterized in that it contains, in addition,  
 
 (ii) at least one anionic surfactant chosen from the group comprising: 
 (ii) 1 —acyl isethionates;  
 (ii) 2 —acyl taurates;  
 (ii) 3 —sulphosuccinates;  
 (ii) 4 —acyl sarcosinates;  
 (ii) 5 —acyl glutamates;  
 (ii) 6 —polyoxyethylenated ether carboxylic acids and their salts;  
 (ii) 7 —fatty glucamide sulphates;  
 (ii) 8 —alkyl galactoside uronates;  
 (ii) 9 —anionic derivatives of alkyl polyglucosides;  
 (ii) 10 —mixtures thereof.  
 
 
     
     
         2 . Composition according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the cationic direct dyes of formula (I) are chosen from the compounds corresponding to the following structures (I1) to (I54):  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         3 . Composition according to  claim 2 , characterized in that the cationic direct dyes correspond to the structures (I1), (I2), (I14), and (I31).  
     
     
         4 . Composition according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the cationic direct dyes of formula (II) are chosen from the compounds corresponding to the following structures (II1) to (II9):  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         5 . Composition according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the cationic direct dyes of formula (III) are chosen from the compounds corresponding to the following structures (III1) to (III18):  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         6 . Composition according to  claim 5 , characterized in that the cationic direct dyes of formula (III) are chosen from the compounds corresponding to the structures (III4), (III5) and (III13).  
     
     
         7 . Composition according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the cationic direct dyes of formula (III′) are chosen from the compounds corresponding to the following structures (III′1) to (III′3):  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         8 . Composition according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the cationic direct dyes of formula (IV) are chosen from the compounds corresponding to the following structures (IV) 1  to (IV) 77 :  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         9 . Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cationic direct dye(s) of formulae (I), (II), (III), (III′) or (IV) represent from 0.001 to 10% by weight of the total weight of the composition.  
     
     
         10 . Composition according to  claim 9 , characterized in that the cationic direct dye(s) of formulae (I), (II), (III), (III′) or (IV) represent from 0.005 to 5% by weight of the total weight of the composition.  
     
     
         11 . Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anionic surfactant (ii) of the acyl isethionate (ii) 1  and acyl taurate (ii) 2  type corresponds to the general formula:  
       R 1 —CH 2 —CH 2 —SO 3   −M   +   (V)  
       in which: 
 R 1  denotes an R 2 COO group or an R 2 CONR 3  group with R 2  denoting a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched C 8 -C 30  aliphatic group and R 3  denoting a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical, and  
 where M denotes H, ammonium, Na or K or an organic amine residue.  
 
     
     
         12 . Composition according to any one of  claims 1  to  10 , characterized in that the anionic surfactant (ii) of the sulphosuccinate (ii) 3  type corresponds to the general formula:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       in which R 2  and M have the same meanings as those indicated in  claim 11 .  
     
     
         13 . Composition according to any one of  claims 1  to  10 , characterized in that the anionic surfactant (ii) of the acyl sarcosinate (ii) 4  and acyl glutamate (ii) 5  type corresponds to the general formula:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       in which, R 2  and M have the same meanings as those indicated in  claim 11;  R 4  denotes CH 3  and R 5  denotes hydrogen, or alternatively R 4  denotes hydrogen and R 5  denotes —CH 2 CH 2 —COO − M + .  
     
     
         14 . Composition according to any one of  claims 1  to  10 , characterized in that the anionic surfactant (ii) of the polyoxyalkylenated ether carboxylic acid or salt (ii) 6  type comprises 2 to 50 ethylene oxide groups.  
     
     
         15 . Composition according to  claim 14 , characterized in that the polyoxyalkylenated ether carboxylic acid or salt corresponds to the following formula (VIII):  
       R 6 OC 2 H 4  n —OCH 2 COOA  (VII)  
       in which: 
 R 6  denotes a C 6 -C 20  alkyl or (C 6 -C 20 )alkylaryl group, and n is an integer or a decimal number (mean value) which may vary from 2 to 24 and preferably from 3 to 10, A denotes H, ammonium, Na, K, Li, Mg or a monoethanol-amine or triethanolamine residue.  
 
     
     
         16 . Composition according to  claim 15 , characterized in that the aryl radical denotes phenyl.  
     
     
         17 . Composition according to any one of  claims 1  to  10 , characterized in that the anionic surfactant (ii) of the anionic derivative of alkyl polyglucoside (ii) 9  type is chosen from the group consisting of: 
 alkyl polyglucoside sulphates or sulphonates or mixtures thereof;  
 alkyl polyglucoside ether carboxylates;  
 alkyl polyglucoside sulphosuccinates;  
 alkyl polyglucoside isethionates;  
 alkyl polyglucoside phosphates.  
 
     
     
         18 . Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anionic surfactant(s) represent from 0.05 to 30% by weight of the total weight of the composition.  
     
     
         19 . Composition according to  claim 18 , characterized in that the anionic surfactant(s) represent from 0.1 to 15% by weight of the total weight of the composition.  
     
     
         20 . Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the appropriate dyeing medium (or carrier) consists of water or of a mixture of water and of at least one organic solvent.  
     
     
         21 . Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a pH of between 2 and 11, and preferably between 5 and 10.  
     
     
         22 . Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is intended for oxidation dyeing and in that it contains one or more oxidation bases chosen from the para-phenylenediamines, the bis-phenylalkylenediamines, the para-aminophenols, the ortho-aminophenols and the heterocyclic bases.  
     
     
         23 . Composition according to  claim 22 , characterized in that the oxidation base(s) represent 0.0005 to 12% by weight of the total weight of the dyeing composition.  
     
     
         24 . Composition according to  claim 23 , characterized in that the oxidation base(s) represent 0.005 to 6% by weight of the total weight of the dyeing composition.  
     
     
         25 . Composition according to any one of  claims 22  to  24 , characterized in that it contains one or more couplers chosen from the the meta-phenylenediamines, the meta-aminophenols, the meta-diphenols and the heterocyclic couplers.  
     
     
         26 . Composition according to  claim 25 , characterized in that the coupler(s) represent from 0.0001 to 10% by weight of the total weight of the dyeing composition.  
     
     
         27 . Composition according to  claim 26 , characterized in that the coupler(s) represent from 0.005 to 5% by weight of the total weight of the dyeing composition.  
     
     
         28 . Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is intended for direct lightening dyeing or oxidation dyeing and in that it then contains at least one oxidizing agent.  
     
     
         29 . Method of dyeing keratinous fibres and in particular human keratinous fibres such as hair, characterized in that at least one dyeing composition as defined in any one of  claims 1  to  28  is applied to the fibres for a sufficient time to develop the desired colour, after which they are rinsed, optionally washed with shampoo, rinsed again and dried.  
     
     
         30 . Method of dyeing keratinous fibres and in particular human keratinous fibres such as hair, characterized in that at least one dyeing composition as defined in any one of  claims 1  to  28  is applied to the fibres for a sufficient time to develop the desired colour, with no final rinsing.  
     
     
         31 . Method of dyeing keratinous fibres and in particular human keratinous fibres such as hair, characterized in that it comprises a preliminary stage consisting of storing in a separate form, on the one hand, a composition (A1) comprising, in an appropriate dyeing medium, at least one cationic direct dye (i) as defined in the preceding claims and at least one oxidation base and, on the other hand, a composition (B1) containing, in an appropriate dyeing medium, at least one oxidizing agent, and then mixing them at the time of use before applying this mixture to the keratinous fibres, the composition (A1) or the composition (B1) containing the anionic surfactant (ii) as defined in the preceding claims.  
     
     
         32 . Method of dyeing keratinous fibres and in particular human keratinous fibres such as hair, characterized in that it comprises a preliminary stage consisting of storing in a separate form, on the one hand, a composition (A2) comprising, in an appropriate dyeing medium, at least one cationic direct dye (i) as defined in the preceding claims and, on the other hand, a composition (B2) containing, in an appropriate dyeing medium, at least one oxidizing agent, and then mixing them at the time of use before applying this mixture to the keratinous fibres, the composition (A2) or the composition (B2) containing the anionic surfactant (ii) as defined in the preceding claims.  
     
     
         33 . Multicompartment device or multicompartment dyeing “kit”, characterized in that a first compartment contains composition (A1) or (A2) as defined in  claim 31  or  32  and a second compartment contains composition (B1) or (B2) as defined in  claim 31  or  32 .