US2003163952A1PendingUtilityA1

Compositions

41
Priority: Feb 19, 2003Filed: Feb 26, 2001Published: Sep 4, 2003
Est. expiryFeb 19, 2023(expired)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Inventors:Alan Rae
C10L 1/14C10L 1/143C10L 1/1985C10L 1/2225C10L 1/191C10L 1/1852
41
PatentIndex Score
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Claims

Abstract

There is described a fuel composition comprising biodiesel and a surfactant, characterised in that the surfactant comprises a mixture of an alkanolamide, an alkoxylated alcohol and an alkoxylated fatty acid or a derivative thereof. More particularly there is described a fuel composition in which the diesel component is a mixture of biodiesel and petroleum diesel, e.g. up to 20% v/v biodiesel. There is also described a method of running an internal combustion engine comprising the use of a fuel according to claim 1.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
1 . A fuel composition comprising biodiesel and a surfactant, characterised in that the surfactant comprises a mixture of an alkanolamide, an alkoxylated alcohol and an alkoxylated fatty acid or a derivative thereof.  
     
     
         2 . A fuel composition according to  claim 1  characterised in that the diesel component is a mixture of biodiesel and petroleum diesel.  
     
     
         3 . A fuel composition according to  claim 1  characterised in that the fuel composition comprise up to 20% V/V biodiesel.  
     
     
         4 . A fuel composition according to  claim 1  characterised in that a non-alkoxylated alcohol is also present.  
     
     
         5 . A fuel composition according to  claim 4  characterised in that the alcohol is an alkanol.  
     
     
         6 . A fuel composition according to  claim 5  characterised in that the alkanol is ethanol.  
     
     
         7 . A fuel composition according to  claim 1  characterised in that the fuel composition comprise from 1 to 20% v/V of a non-alkoxylated alcohol.  
     
     
         8 . A fuel composition according to  claim 4  characterised in that the amount of alcohol present is from 1 to 10% v/v.  
     
     
         9 . A fuel composition according to  claim 8  characterised in that the amount of alcohol present is from 5 to 10% v/v.  
     
     
         10 . A fuel composition according to  claim 1  characterised in that the alkanolamide is an ethanolamide  
     
     
         11 . A fuel composition according to  claim 1  characterised in that the alkanolamide is a diethanolamide.  
     
     
         12 . A fuel composition according to  claim 11  characterised in that the diethanolamides are super diethanolamides.  
     
     
         13 . A fuel composition according to  claim 11  characterised in that the nitrogen in the diethanolamide is substituted by an alkyl C 5  to C 20  substituent.  
     
     
         14 . A fuel composition according to  claim 13  characterised in that the diethanolamide is substituted by an alkyl C 8  to C 18  substituent.  
     
     
         15 . A fuel composition according to  claim 14  characterised in that the diethanolamide is substituted by an alkyl C 10  to C 18  substituent.  
     
     
         16 . A fuel composition according to  claim 15  characterised in that the diethanolamide is a lauryl diethanolamide.  
     
     
         17 . A fuel composition according to  claim 15  characterised in that the alkyl substituent is an unsaturated substituent.  
     
     
         18 . A fuel composition according to  claim 17  characterised in that the diethanolamide is oleic diethanolamide.  
     
     
         19 . A fuel composition according to  claim 1  characterised in that the alkoxylated alcohol is an ethoxylated alcohol.  
     
     
         20 . A fuel composition according to  claim 19  characterised in that the ethoxylated alcohol is an oil soluble alcohol.  
     
     
         21 . A fuel composition according to  claim 19  characterised in that the ethoxylated alcohol is an ethoxylated alkanol.  
     
     
         22 . A fuel composition according to  claim 21  characterised in that the ethoxylated alcohol is a primary alkanol.  
     
     
         23 . A fuel composition according to  claim 1  characterised in that the alkanol is C 5  to C 22  alkanol.  
     
     
         24 . A fuel composition according to  claim 21  characterised in that the ethoxylated alcohol comprises a mixture of alkanols in which one alkanol predominates.  
     
     
         25 . A fuel composition according to  claim 21  characterised in that the predominate alkanol is a C 9  to C 11  alkanol.  
     
     
         26 . A fuel composition according to  claim 25  characterised in that the ethoxylate to alcohol ratio is from between 1 and 10.  
     
     
         27 . A fuel composition according to  claim 26  characterised in that the ethoxylate to alcohol ratio is from between 1 and 5.  
     
     
         28 . A fuel composition according to  claim 27  characterised in that the ethoxylate to alcohol ratio is from between 2 and 3.  
     
     
         29 . A fuel composition according to  claim 28  characterised in that the ethoxylate to alcohol ratio is 2.75.  
     
     
         30 . A fuel composition according to  claim 29  characterised in that the ethoxylated alcohol is NEODOL 91/2.5.  
     
     
         31 . A fuel composition according to  claim 1  characterised in that the fatty acid group is a C 8  to C 20  fatty acid or a derivative thereof.  
     
     
         32 . A fuel composition according to  claim 31  characterised in that the fatty acid group is a C 10  to C 18  fatty acid or a derivative thereof.  
     
     
         33 . A fuel composition according to  claim 32  characterised in that the fatty acid group is a C 14  fatty acid (myristic acid) or a derivative thereof.  
     
     
         34 . A fuel composition according to  claim 31  characterised in that the fatty acid is an unsaturated fatty acid or a derivative thereof.  
     
     
         35 . A fuel composition according to  claim 4  characterised in that the fatty acid is oleic acid or a derivative thereof.  
     
     
         36 . A fuel composition according to  claim 1  characterised in that the composition comprises 25% v/v of the fatty acid ethoxylate or a derivative thereof.  
     
     
         37 . A fuel composition according to  claim 1  characterised in that the composition comprises 50% v/v of the alcohol ethoxylate.  
     
     
         38 . A fuel composition according to  claim 1  characterised in that the surfactant additive to fuel ratio is from 0.5:1200 to 50:1000.  
     
     
         39 . A method of running an internal combustion engine comprising the use of a fuel according to  claim 1 .  
     
     
         40 . A fuel composition substantially as described with reference to the accompanying examples.  
     
     
         41 . The use of oleic acid or a derivative thereof in the manufacture of a fuel composition according to  claim 1.

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