US2003151753A1PendingUtilityA1
Methods and apparatuses for use in switching between streaming video bitstreams
Priority: Feb 8, 2002Filed: Jun 27, 2002Published: Aug 14, 2003
Est. expiryFeb 8, 2022(expired)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
H04N 21/23439H04N 21/23424H04N 19/625H04N 19/577H04N 19/126H04N 19/61H04N 21/2662
44
PatentIndex Score
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Claims
Abstract
Improved methods and apparatuses are provided for switching of streaming data bitstreams, such as, for example, used in video streaming and other related applications. Some desired functionalities provided herein include random access, fast forward and fast backward, error-resilience and bandwidth adaptation. The improved methods and apparatuses can be configured to increase coding efficiency of and/or reduce the amount of data needed to encode a switching bitstream.
Claims
exact text as granted — not AI-modifiedWhat is claimed is:
1 . An encoding method comprising:
encoding data into a first bitstream using a first quantization parameter; encoding said data into a second bitstream using a second quantization parameter that is different from said first quantization parameter; and generating an encoded switching bitstream associated with said first and second bitstreams using said first quantization parameter to support up-switching between said first and second bitstreams and using said second quantization parameter to support down-switching between said first and second bitstreams.
2 . The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein said first quantization parameter and said second quantization parameter are decoupled.
3 . The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein encoded switching bitstream is configured to support a plurality of up-switching periods and a plurality of down-switching periods.
4 . The method as recited in claim 3 , wherein over a period of time a number of said down-switching periods is greater than a number of said up-switching periods.
5 . The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein said first bitstream and said second bitstream have different data bit rates.
6 . A computer-readable medium comprising computer-implementable instructions for causing at least one processing unit to perform acts comprising:
encoding data into a first bitstream using a first quantization parameter; encoding said data into a second bitstream using a second quantization parameter that is different from said first quantization parameter; and generating an encoded switching bitstream associated with said first and second bitstreams using said first quantization parameter to support up-switching between said first and second bitstreams and using said second quantization parameter to support down-switching between said first and second bitstreams.
7 . The computer-readable medium as recited in claim 6 , wherein said first quantization parameter and said second quantization parameter are decoupled.
8 . The method as recited in claim 6 , wherein encoded switching bitstream is configured to support a plurality of up-switching periods and a plurality of down-switching periods.
9 . The computer-readable medium as recited in claim 8 , wherein over a period of time a number of said down-switching periods is greater than a number of said up-switching periods.
10 . The computer-readable medium as recited in claim 6 , wherein said first bitstream and said second bitstream have different data bit rates.
11 . An apparatus comprising:
a first bitstream encoder configured to encode data into an encoded first bitstream using a first quantization parameter; a second bitstream encoder configured to encode said data into an encoded second bitstream using a second quantization parameter that is different from said first quantization parameter; and a switching bitstream encoder operatively coupled to said first bitstream encoder and said second bitstream encoder and configured to output an encoded switching bitstream that supports up-switching and down-switching between said first encoded bitstream and said second encoded bitstream based on information processed using said first and second quantization parameters.
12 . The apparatus as recited in claim 11 , wherein said first quantization parameter and said second quantization parameter are decoupled.
13 . The apparatus as recited in claim 11 , wherein said encoded switching bitstream is configured to support a plurality of up-switching periods and a plurality of down-switching periods.
14 . The apparatus as recited in claim 13 , wherein over a period of time a number of said down-switching periods is greater than a number of said up-switching periods.
15 . The apparatus as recited in claim 11 , wherein said first bitstream and said second bitstream have different data bit rates.
16 . A decoding method comprising:
receiving at least one encoded bitstream selected from a group comprising a first bitstream that was generated using a first quantization parameter and a second bitstream that was generated using a second quantization parameter that is different from said first quantization parameter; decoding said received encoded bitstream; receiving an encoded switching bitstream associated with said first and second bitstreams that was generated using said first quantization parameter to support up-switching between said first and second bitstreams and using said second quantization parameter to support down-switching between said first and second bitstreams; and decoding said received encoded switching bitstream using said first and second quantization parameters.
17 . The method as recited in claim 16 , wherein said first quantization parameter and said second quantization parameter are decoupled.
18 . The method as recited in claim 16 , wherein decoding said received encoded switching bitstream occurs during at least one period selected from a group comprising at least one of a plurality of up-switching periods and at least one of a plurality of down-switching periods.
19 . The method as recited in claim 18 , wherein over a period of time a number of said down-switching periods is greater than a number of said up-switching periods.
20 . The method as recited in claim 16 , wherein said first bitstream and said second bitstream have different data bit rates.
21 . A computer-readable medium comprising computer-implementable instructions for causing at least one processing unit to perform acts comprising:
receiving at least one encoded bitstream selected from a group comprising a first bitstream that was generated using a first quantization parameter and a second bitstream that was generated using a second quantization parameter that is different from said first quantization parameter; decoding said received encoded bitstream; receiving an encoded switching bitstream associated with said first and second bitstreams that was generated using said first quantization parameter to support up-switching between said first and second bitstreams and using said second quantization parameter to support down-switching between said first and second bitstreams; and decoding said received encoded switching bitstream using said first and second quantization parameters.
22 . The computer-readable medium as recited in claim 21 , wherein said first quantization parameter and said second quantization parameter are decoupled.
23 . The computer-readable medium as recited in claim 21 , wherein decoding said received encoded switching bitstream occurs during at least one period selected from a group comprising at least one of a plurality of up-switching periods and at least one of a plurality of down-switching periods.
24 . The computer-readable medium as recited in claim 23 , wherein over a period of time a number of said down-switching periods is greater than a number of said up-switching periods.
25 . The computer-readable medium as recited in claim 21 , wherein said first bitstream and said second bitstream have different data bit rates.
26 . An apparatus comprising:
a first decoder configured to decode a first encoded bitstream into a decoded first bitstream using a first quantization parameter; a second decoder configured to decode a second bitstream into a decoded second bitstream using a second quantization parameter that is different from said first quantization parameter; and a switching bitstream decoder operatively coupled to said first decoder and said second decoder and configured to output a decoded switching bitstream that supports up-switching and down-switching between said first decoded bitstream and said second decoded bitstream based on information processed using said first and second quantization parameters.
27 . The apparatus as recited in claim 26 , wherein said first quantization parameter and said second quantization parameter are decoupled.
28 . The apparatus as recited in claim 26 , wherein decoding said received encoded switching bitstream occurs during at least one period selected from a group comprising at least one of a plurality of up-switching periods and at least one of a plurality of down-switching periods.
29 . The apparatus as recited in claim 28 , wherein over a period of time a number of said down-switching periods is greater than a number of said up-switching periods.
30 . The apparatus as recited in claim 26 , wherein said first bitstream and said second bitstream have different data bit rates.
31 . A decoding method comprising:
reconstructing DCT reference data; and quantizing said reconstructed DCT reference data using a quantization step (Qs) on the reconstructed DCT reference and not on decoded DCT residue and the DCT prediction data.
32 . The decoding method as recited in claim 31 , wherein quantizing said reconstructed DCT reference data is represented by:
Y=[X*A ( Qs )+2 19 ]/2 20 , wherein X includes a reconstructed DCT coefficient and Y includes a quantized DCT coefficient, and A(.) is associated with a quantization table
33 . The decoding method as recited in claim 31 , further comprising:
merging a dequantization QP and quantization QS in to one operation represented by: L rec = [ K pred ( i , j ) + L err ( i , j ) * ( 2 20 + A ( Qp ) / 2 ) A ( Qp ) ] * A ( Qs ) + 2 19 2 20 , where L err are levels of the prediction error coefficients, K pred are prediction coefficients.
34 . The decoding method as recited in claim 33 , further comprising generating data for a high quality display based at least in part on
K
pred
(
i
,
j
)
+
L
err
(
i
,
j
)
*
(
2
20
+
A
(
Qp
)
/
2
)
A
(
Qp
)
.
35 . The decoding method as recited in claim 31 further comprising:
selectively reconstructing different qualities of display images.
36 . The decoding method as recited in claim 31 further comprising receiving decoder notification data associated with at least one switching event.
37 . The decoding method as recited in claim 36 , wherein said decoder notification includes at least a one-bit syntax having a switching bitstream flag.
38 . The decoding method as recited in claim 37 , wherein said decoder notification data includes at least one quantization parameter.
39 . A computer-readable medium having computer-implementable instructions for causing at least one processing unit to perform acts comprising:
decoding bitstream data by:
reconstructing DCT reference data; and
quantizing said reconstructed DCT reference data using a quantization step (Qs) on the reconstructed DCT reference and not on decoded DCT residue and the DCT prediction data.
40 . The computer-readable medium as recited in claim 39 , wherein quantizing said reconstructed DCT reference data is represented by:
Y=[X*A ( Qs )+2 19 ]/2 20 , wherein X includes a reconstructed DCT coefficient and Y includes a quantized DCT coefficient, and A(.) is associated with a quantization table
41 . The computer-readable medium as recited in claim 39 , having computer-implementable instructions for causing the at least one processing unit to perform further acts comprising:
merging a dequantization QP and quantization QS in to one operation represented by: L rec = [ K pred ( i , j ) + L err ( i , j ) * ( 2 20 + A ( Qp ) / 2 ) A ( Qp ) ] * A ( Qs ) + 2 19 2 20 , where L err are levels of the prediction error coefficients, K pred are prediction coefficients.
42 . The computer-readable medium as recited in claim 41 , having computer-implementable instructions for causing the at least one processing unit to perform further acts comprising:
comprising generating data for a high quality display based at least in part on K pred ( i , j ) + L err ( i , j ) * ( 2 20 + A ( Qp ) / 2 ) A ( Qp ) .
43 . The computer-readable medium as recited in claim 39 having computer-implementable instructions for causing the at least one processing unit to perform further acts comprising:
selectively reconstructing different qualities of display images.
44 . The computer-readable medium as recited in claim 39 having computer-implementable instructions for causing the at least one processing unit to perform further acts comprising:
receiving decoder notification data associated with at least one switching event.
45 . The computer-readable medium as recited in claim 44 , wherein said decoder notification includes at least a one-bit syntax having a switching bitstream flag.
46 . The computer-readable medium as recited in claim 45 , wherein said decoder notification data includes at least one quantization parameter.
47 . A decoder comprising:
logic operatively configured to reconstruct DCT reference data and quantize said reconstructed DCT reference data using a quantization step (Qs) on the reconstructed DCT reference and not on decoded DCT residue and the DCT prediction data.
48 . The decoder as recited in claim 47 , wherein said logic quantizes said reconstructed DCT reference data as:
Y=[X*A ( Qs )+2 19 ]/2 20 , wherein X includes a reconstructed DCT coefficient and Y includes a quantized DCT coefficient, and A(.) is associated with a quantization table
49 . The decoder as recited in claim 47 , wherein said logic merges a dequantization QP and quantization QS into one operation represented by:
L
rec
=
[
K
pred
(
i
,
j
)
+
L
err
(
i
,
j
)
*
(
2
20
+
A
(
Qp
)
/
2
)
A
(
Qp
)
]
*
A
(
Qs
)
+
2
19
2
20
,
where L err are levels of the prediction error coefficients, K pred are prediction coefficients.
50 . The decoder as recited in claim 49 , wherein said logic is further configured to generate data for a high quality display based at least in part on
K
pred
(
i
,
j
)
+
L
err
(
i
,
j
)
*
(
2
20
+
A
(
Qp
)
/
2
)
A
(
Qp
)
.
51 . The decoder as recited in claim 47 , wherein said logic si fitehr configured to selectively reconstruct different qualities of display images.
52 . The decoder as recited in claim 47 wherein said logic is further configured to receive decoder notification data associated with at least one switching event.
53 . The decoder as recited in claim 52 , wherein said decoder notification includes at least a one-bit syntax having a switching bitstream flag.
54 . The decoder as recited in claim 53 , wherein said decoder notification data includes at least one quantization parameter.Join the waitlist — get patent alerts
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