US2003143467A1PendingUtilityA1

Composite electrolytes based on smectite clays and high dielectric organic liquids and electrodes

45
Priority: Jun 30, 1999Filed: Jan 21, 2003Published: Jul 31, 2003
Est. expiryJun 30, 2019(expired)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Inventors:Michael W. RileyPeter S. FedkiwSaad A. KhanBarrie L. Davies
Y02E60/10H01M 6/168H01M 10/056H01M 2300/0088H01M 2300/0082H01M 4/624H01M 4/5825H01M 10/0525Y02T10/70
45
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Claims

Abstract

A composite electrolyte comprises an inorganic clay material and a dielectric solution having a dielectric constant ranging from about 50 to about 85. The composite electrolyte has an ion transference number ranging from about 0.80 to about 1.00. An electrode comprises a component selected from the group consisting of an inorganic clay filler, a polymer, and mixtures thereof. Batteries and electrochemical cells comprising the above composite electrolytes and electrodes are also disclosed.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
That which is claimed:  
     
         1 . A composite electrolyte comprising: 
 an inorganic clay material and a dielectric solution having a dielectric constant ranging from about 50 to about 85;    wherein the composite electrolyte has an ion transference number ranging from about 0.80 to about 1.00.    
     
     
         2 . The composite electrolyte according to  claim 1 , wherein said inorganic clay material is a smectite clay.  
     
     
         3 . The composite electrolyte according to  claim 2 , wherein the smectite claim is selected from the group consisting of montmorillonite, saponite, and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         4 . The composite electrolyte according to  claim 2 , wherein the smectite clay is a hectorite.  
     
     
         5 . The composite electrolyte according to  claim 4 , wherein the smectite clay is a lithium hectorite.  
     
     
         6 . The composite electrolyte according to  claim 1 , wherein the composite electrolyte has an elastic modulus ranging from about 10 6  dynes/cm 2  to about 10 8  dynes/cm 2 .  
     
     
         7 . The composite electrolyte according to  claim 1 , wherein the composite electrolyte has a yield stress ranging from about 10 4  dynes/cm 2  to about 10 6  dynes/cm 2 .  
     
     
         8 . The composite electrolyte according to  claim 1 , wherein the composite electrolyte has a conductivity ranging from about 9×10 −5  S/cm to about 6×10 4  S/cm.  
     
     
         9 . The composite electrolyte according to  claim 1 , wherein the dielectric solution comprises a component selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, n-n-dimethylacetamide, and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         10 . An electrochemical cell comprising: 
 an anode;    a cathode; and    interposed between said anode and said cathode, a composite electrolyte, wherein said composite electrolyte comprises an inorganic clay material and a dielectric solution having a dielectric constant ranging from about 50 to about 85; wherein the composite electrolyte has an ion transference number ranging from about 0.80 to about 1.00.    
     
     
         11 . The electrochemical cell according to  claim 10 , wherein said inorganic clay material is a smectite clay.  
     
     
         12 . The electrochemical cell according to  claim 11 , wherein the smectite claim is selected from the group consisting of montmorillonite, saponite, and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         13 . The electrochemical cell according to  claim 10 , wherein the smectite clay is a hectorite.  
     
     
         14 . The electrochemical cell according to  claim 13 , wherein the smectite clay is a lithium hectorite.  
     
     
         15 . The electrochemical cell according to  claim 10 , wherein the composite electrolyte has an elastic modulus ranging from about 10 6  dynes/cm 2  to about 10 8  dynes/cm 2 .  
     
     
         16 . The electrochemical cell according to  claim 10 , wherein the composite electrolyte has a yield stress ranging from about 10 4  dynes/cm 2  to about 10 6  dyneslcm 2 .  
     
     
         17 . The electrochemical cell according to  claim 10 , wherein the composite electrolyte has a conductivity ranging from about 9×10 −5  S/cm to about 6×10 4  S/cm.  
     
     
         18 . The electrochemical cell according to  claim 10 , wherein the dielectric solution comprises a component selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, n-n-dimethylacetamide, and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         19 . A battery comprising: 
 an anode;    a cathode; and    interposed between said anode and said cathode, a composite electrolyte, wherein said composite electrolyte comprises an inorganic clay material and a dielectric solution having a dielectric constant ranging from about 50 to about 85; wherein the composite electrolyte has an ion transference number ranging from about 0.80 to about 1.00.    
     
     
         20 . The battery according to  claim 19 , wherein said inorganic clay material is a smectite clay.  
     
     
         21 . The battery according to  claim 20 , wherein the smectite claim is selected from the group consisting of montmorillonite, saponite, and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         22 . The battery according to  claim 20 , wherein the smectite clay is a hectorite.  
     
     
         23 . The battery according to  claim 22 , wherein the smectite clay is a lithium hectorite.  
     
     
         24 . The battery according to  claim 19 , wherein the composite electrolyte has an elastic modulus ranging from about 10 6  dynes/cm 2  to about 10 8  dynes/cm 2 .  
     
     
         25 . The battery according to  claim 19 , wherein the composite electrolyte has a yield stress ranging from about 10 4  dynes/cm 2  to about 10 6  dynes/cm 2 .  
     
     
         26 . The battery according to  claim 19 , wherein the composite electrolyte has a conductivity ranging from about 9×10 −5  S/cm to about 6×10 −4  S/cm.  
     
     
         27 . The battery according to  claim 19 , wherein the dielectric solution comprises a component selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, n-n-dimethylacetamide, and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         28 . An electrode for use in a battery or electrochemical cell, said electrode comprising a component selected from the group consisting of an inorganic clay filler, a polymer, and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         29 . The electrode according to  claim 28 , wherein the inorganic clay filler is a smectite selected from the group consisting of hectorite, montmorillonite, saponite, and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         30 . The electrode according to  claim 28 , wherein the polymer is lithiated.  
     
     
         31 . The electrode according to  claim 28 , wherein the polymer is a fluorinated copolymer.  
     
     
         32 . The electrode according to  claim 31 , wherein the fluorinated copolymer is a copolymer of a alkyl vinyl ether monomer.  
     
     
         33 . The electrode according to  claim 28 , wherein said electrode is a cathode.  
     
     
         34 . The electrode according to  claim 28 , wherein said electrode is an anode.  
     
     
         35 . An electrochemical cell comprising the electrode as recited in  claim 28 .  
     
     
         36 . The electrochemical cell according to  claim 35 , wherein the inorganic clay filler is a smectite selected from the group consisting of hectorite, montmorillonite, saponite, and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         37 . The electrochemical cell according to  claim 35 , wherein the polymer is lithiated.  
     
     
         38 . The electrochemical cell according to  claim 35 , wherein the polymer is a fluorinated copolymer.  
     
     
         39 . The electrochemical cell according to  claim 38 , wherein the fluorinated copolymer is a copolymer of a alkyl vinyl ether monomer.  
     
     
         40 . The electrochemical cell according to  claim 35 , wherein said electrode is a cathode.  
     
     
         41 . The electrochemical cell according to  claim 35 , wherein said electrode is an anode.  
     
     
         42 . A battery comprising the electrode as recited in  claim 28 .  
     
     
         43 . The battery according to  claim 42 , wherein the inorganic clay filler is a smectite selected from the group consisting of hectorite, montmorillonite, saponite, and mixtures thereof.  
     
     
         44 . The battery according to  claim 42 , wherein the polymer is lithiated.  
     
     
         45 . The battery according to  claim 42 , wherein the polymer is a fluorinated copolymer.  
     
     
         46 . The battery according to  claim 45 , wherein the fluorinated copolymer is a copolymer of a alkyl vinyl ether monomer.  
     
     
         47 . The battery according to  claim 42 , wherein said electrode is a cathode.  
     
     
         48 . The battery according to  claim 42 , wherein said electrode is an anode.

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