Process and apparatus for treating dioxins

Abstract

A process and apparatus assuring low costs and high efficiency in practicing refuse incineration. A applying electromagnetic wave of a frequency band resonant with rotation or vibration of a specific substance e.g., dioxins molecule, thereby to heat the dioxins molecule selectively up to high temperature to remove the dioxins molecule by decomposition.

What is claimed is:  
     
         1 . A treating process comprising the steps of: 
 providing an electromagnetic wave generator, and    applying electromagnetic wave to a chemical substance and/or a material containing same to selectively heat said chemical substance, thereby decomposing and purging said chemical substance.    
     
     
         2 . The process as defined in  claim 1 , wherein said chemical substance is at least one selected from a group consisting of dioxins, benzene, substituted benzene, and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB).  
     
     
         3 . The process as defined in  claim 1 , wherein the frequency or at least one of frequencies of said electromagnetic wave is resonant with said chemical substance.  
     
     
         4 . The process as defined in  claim 2 , wherein the frequency or at least one of frequencies of said electromagnetic wave is resonant with said chemical substance.  
     
     
         5 . A dioxins-treating process comprising the step of: 
 providing an electromagnetic wave oscillator, and    applying electromagnetic wave to dioxins and/or a material containing dioxins to heat selectively dioxins, thereby decomposing and removing dioxins.    
     
     
         6 . A dioxins-treating process comprising the steps of: 
 providing an incinerator generating a combustion gas and an electromagnetic wave oscillator, and    applying electromagnetic wave to the combustion gas by introducing the electromagnetic wave into said incinerator to selectively heat dioxins contained in said combustion gas, thereby decomposing and removing dioxins.    
     
     
         7 . A dioxins-treating process comprising the steps of applying electromagnetic wave to fly ashes generated and in an incinerator and selectively heating dioxins contained in said fly ashes, thereby decomposing and removing dioxins.  
     
     
         8 . The process as defined in  claim 5 , wherein said electromagnetic wave has at least a frequency of microwave resonant with the dioxins.  
     
     
         9 . The process as defined in  claim 6 , wherein said electromagnetic wave has at least a frequency of microwave resonant with the dioxins.  
     
     
         10 . The process as defined in  claim 7 , wherein said electromagnetic wave has at least a frequency of microwave resonant with the dioxins.  
     
     
         11 . An incineration treatment apparatus comprising an electromagnetic wave oscillator, wherein electromagnetic wave emitted from said oscillator is introduced into an oven to irradiate the electromagnetic wave to dioxins-containing combustion gas.  
     
     
         12 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 11 , which further comprises a chimney section for discharging said combustion gas and an electromagnetic wave filter therein for preventing electromagnetic radiation from passing through.  
     
     
         13 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 12 , which further comprises a cavity for applying electromagnetic wave positioned in said chimney section upstream of said filter, wherein said combustion gas generated in said incinerator is introduced into said cavity, exposed inside said cavity to electromagnetic wave emitted by said electromagnetic wave oscillator, and thereafter discharged as incineration gas through said filter.  
     
     
         14 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 12 , wherein said electromagnetic wave filter is equipped with plural metallic hollow pipes each being open-ended and aligned in the flowing direction of said combustion gas, the diameter of said pipe being smaller than the wavelength of said electromagnetic wave, and the length of said pipe being longer than said wavelength.  
     
     
         15 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 13 , wherein said electromagnetic wave filter is equipped with plural metallic hollow pipes each being open-ended and aligned in the flowing direction of said combustion gas, the diameter of said pipe being smaller than the wavelength of said electromagnetic wave, and the length of said pipe being longer than said wavelength.  
     
     
         16 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 11 , which further comprises: 
 a sensor detecting the concentration of dioxins contained in an exhausted gas; and    an output control unit outputting a control signal for variably controlling the magnitude of electromagnetic wave applied to combustion gas generated in said incinerator depending on the output of said sensor,    wherein said electromagnetic wave oscillator receives said control signal from said output control unit and changes the output power of electromagnetic wave.    
     
     
         17 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 12 , which further comprises: 
 a sensor detecting the concentration of dioxins contained in an exhausted gas; and    an output control unit outputting a control signal for variably controlling the magnitude of electromagnetic wave applied to combustion gas generated in said incinerator depending on the output of said sensor,    wherein said electromagnetic wave oscillator receives said control signal from said output control unit and changes the output power of electromagnetic wave.    
     
     
         18 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 13 , which further comprises: 
 a sensor detecting the concentration of dioxins contained in an exhausted gas; and    an output control unit outputting a control signal for variably controlling the magnitude of electromagnetic wave applied to combustion gas generated in said incinerator depending on the output of said sensor,    wherein said electromagnetic wave oscillator receives said control signal from said output control unit and changes the output power of electromagnetic wave.    
     
     
         19 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 14 , which further comprises: 
 a sensor detecting the concentration of dioxins contained in an exhausted gas; and    an output control unit outputting a control signal for variably controlling the magnitude of electromagnetic wave applied to combustion gas generated in said incinerator depending on the output of said sensor,    wherein said electromagnetic wave oscillator receives said control signal from said output control unit and changes the output power of electromagnetic wave.    
     
     
         20 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 11 , which further comprises a fan for stirring the combustion gas and the electromagnetic wave in said incinerator, and a motor for driving said fan.  
     
     
         21 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 13 , which further comprises a fan for stirring the combustion gas and the electromagnetic wave in said incinerator, and a motor for driving said fan.  
     
     
         22 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 11 , which further comprises an electromagnetic irradiation unit applying electromagnetic wave to fly ashes in said incinerator.  
     
     
         23 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 12 , which further comprises an electromagnetic irradiation unit applying electromagnetic wave to fly ashes in said incinerator.  
     
     
         24 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 13 , which further comprises an electromagnetic irradiation unit applying electromagnetic wave to fly ashes in said incinerator.  
     
     
         25 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 16 , which further comprises an electromagnetic irradiation unit applying electromagnetic wave to fly ashes in said incinerator.  
     
     
         26 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 22 , which further comprises an electromagnetic irradiation unit applying electromagnetic wave to fly ashes in said incinerator.  
     
     
         27 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 11 , wherein an inside wall of said incinerator is made of ceramics, and an outside wall of the incinerator is made of electromagnetic radiation shielding metal.  
     
     
         28 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 11 , wherein a refuse input port and a fly ash output port of said incinerator have a double door structure.  
     
     
         29 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 11 , which further comprises a cavity for applying electromagnetic wave inside said incinerator, 
 wherein said combustion gas in said incinerator is introduced into said cavity, exposed inside said cavity to electromagnetic wave emitted by said electromagnetic wave oscillator, and thereafter discharged out of said cavity,    a part of the discharged gas is introduced into said cavity again, and exposed to said electromagnetic wave, and    the rest part of the discharged gas is exhausted as incineration gas through an electromagnetic wave filter.    
     
     
         30 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 13 , which further comprises a cavity for applying electromagnetic wave inside said incinerator, 
 wherein said combustion gas in said incinerator is introduced into said cavity, exposed inside said cavity to electromagnetic wave emitted by said electromagnetic wave oscillator, and thereafter discharged out of said cavity,    a part of the discharged gas is introduced into said cavity again, and exposed to said electromagnetic wave, and    the rest part of the discharged gas is exhausted as incineration gas through an electromagnetic wave filter.    
     
     
         31 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 12 , which further comprises a cavity for applying electromagnetic wave inside said incinerator, 
 wherein said combustion gas in said incinerator is introduced into said cavity, exposed inside said cavity to electromagnetic wave emitted by said electromagnetic wave oscillator, and thereafter discharged out of said cavity,    a part of the discharged gas is introduced into said cavity again, and exposed to said electromagnetic wave, and    the rest part of the discharged gas is exhausted as incineration gas through an electromagnetic wave filter.    
     
     
         32 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 22 , which further comprises a cavity for applying electromagnetic wave inside said incinerator, 
 wherein said combustion gas in said incinerator is introduced into said cavity, exposed inside said cavity to electromagnetic wave emitted by said electromagnetic wave oscillator, and thereafter discharged out of said cavity,    a part of the discharged gas is introduced into said cavity again, and exposed to said electromagnetic wave, and    the rest part of the discharged gas is exhausted as incineration gas through an electromagnetic wave filter.    
     
     
         33 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 11 , wherein at least one oscillator emitting electromagnetic wave of microwave band resonant with dioxins or dioxins and benzene is installed as an electromagnetic wave oscillator.  
     
     
         34 . A refuse incinerating apparatus comprising the incineration treatment apparatus as defined in  claim 11 .  
     
     
         35 . A refuse incinerating apparatus comprising the incineration treatment apparatus as defined in  claim 13 .  
     
     
         36 . A refuse incinerating apparatus comprising the incineration treatment apparatus as defined in  claim 16 .  
     
     
         37 . A refuse incinerating apparatus comprising the incineration treatment apparatus as defined in  claim 29 .  
     
     
         38 . A refuse incinerating apparatus comprising the incineration treatment apparatus as defined in  claim 33 .  
     
     
         39 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 11 , which further comprises a re-combustion chamber for inflowing and re-combusting said combustion gas, wherein the resultant gas re-combusted in said chamber is exhausted.  
     
     
         40 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 12 , which further comprises a re-combustion chamber for inflowing and re-combusting said combustion gas, wherein the resultant gas re-combusted in said chamber is exhausted.  
     
     
         41 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 39 , wherein electromagnetic wave oscillated by said oscillator is applied to the inside of said chamber.  
     
     
         42 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 41 , wherein said chamber is disposed in said chimney section.  
     
     
         43 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 11 , which further comprises: 
 a cavity positioned in said incinerator; and    a fan near said cavity, said fan being driven by a motor positioned outside said apparatus;    wherein said combustion gas in said incinerator is introduced into said cavity, exposed inside said cavity to electromagnetic wave emitted by said electromagnetic wave oscillator, and introduced again into said cavity to circulate after being discharged out of said cavity.    
     
     
         44 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 43 , wherein fuel is introduced in said cavity to re-combust said combustion gas.  
     
     
         45 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 41 , wherein said re-combustion chamber is provided with a magnetizer for forming magnetic field inside said re-combustion chamber.  
     
     
         46 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 41 , wherein said re-combustion chamber has a cavity for applying electromagnetic wave.  
     
     
         47 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 41 , wherein said cavity is provided with a magnetizer for forming magnetic field inside said cavity.  
     
     
         48 . A refuse incinerating apparatus comprising the incineration treatment apparatus as defined in  claim 40  as an incinerator.  
     
     
         49 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 29 , wherein said cavity has at least on the inner face thereof a surface of catalytic material or a coating layer of catalytic material.  
     
     
         50 . The apparatus as defined in  claim 43 , wherein said cavity has at least on the inner face thereof a surface of catalytic material or a coating layer of catalytic material.  
     
     
         51 . A dioxins-treating process comprising the steps of: introducing combustion gas of a refuse incinerator into a chamber, 
 exposing the combustion gas to electromagnetic wave to selectively heat dioxins contained therein, and    meanwhile applying magnetic field to the combustion gas to decompose and remove dioxins.