Electrolytic solution for non-aqueous type battery and non-aqueous type secondary battery

Abstract

In a rechargeable non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery using positive electrodes, negative electrodes and a non-aqueous electrolytic solution, additives to the electrolytic solution are used in combination, preferably in combination of at least two compounds selected from o-terphenyl, triphenylene, cyclohexylbenzene and biphenyl, and thus there are provided batteries excellent in safety and storage characteristics.

1 . A non-aqueous electrolytic solution for non-aqueous type batteries in which an electrolyte is dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent, characterized by containing two or more organic compounds differing in oxidative polymerization potential, with a proviso that weight of the organic compound of relatively lower oxidative polymerization potential is less than that of the organic compound of relatively higher oxidative polymerization potential.  
     
     
         2 . An electrolytic solution for non-aqueous type batteries according to  claim 1 , wherein two or more organic compounds selected from o-terphenyl, triphenylene, cyclohexylbenzene and biphenyl are contained as the organic compounds differing in oxidative polymerization potential.  
     
     
         3 . An electrolytic solution for non-aqueous type batteries according to  claim 1 , wherein not less than 1.0% by weight and not more than 3.0% by weight of o-terphenyl and not less than 0.01% by weight and less than 1.0% by weight of triphenylene based on the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution are contained.  
     
     
         4 . An electrolytic solution for non-aqueous type batteries according to  claim 1 , wherein not less than 1.0% by weight and not more than 5.0% by weight of cyclohexylbenzene and not less than 0.01% by weight and less than 1.0% by weight of biphenyl based on the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution are contained.  
     
     
         5 . An electrolytic solution for non-aqueous type batteries according to  claim 1 , wherein not less than 1.0% by weight and not more than 5.0% by weight of cyclohexylbenzene and not less than 0.01% by weight and less than 1.0% by weight of o-terphenyl based on the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution are contained.  
     
     
         6 . An electrolytic solution for non-aqueous type batteries according to  claim 1 , wherein not less than 1.0% by weight and not more than 5.0% by weight of cyclohexylbenzene, not less than 0.01% by weight and less than 1.0% by weight of o-terphenyl and not less than 0.01% by weight and less than 1.0% by weight of biphenyl based on the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution are contained.  
     
     
         7 . An electrolytic solution for non-aqueous type batteries according to  claim 1 , wherein all of o-terphenyl, triphenylene, cyclohexylbenzene and biphenyl are contained and the total amount of them is 0.4-5% by weight based on the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution.  
     
     
         8 . An electrolytic solution for non-aqueous type batteries having a positive electrode comprising a material containing a lithium-containing metal oxide as a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode comprising a material containing graphite as a negative electrode active material, characterized in that the non-aqueous electrolytic solution contains a non-aqueous solvent mainly composed of a cyclic carbonate and a chain carbonate in which a lithium salt is dissolved as a solute, and further contains two or more organic compounds differing in oxidative polymerization potential, with a proviso that weight of the organic compound of relatively lower oxidative polymerization potential is less than that of the organic compound of relatively higher oxidative polymerization potential.  
     
     
         9 . An electrolytic solution for non-aqueous type batteries according to  claim 8 , wherein two or more organic compounds selected from o-terphenyl, triphenylene, cyclohexylbenzene and biphenyl are contained as the organic compounds differing in oxidative polymerization potential.  
     
     
         10 . An electrolytic solution for non-aqueous type batteries according to  claim 8 , wherein not less than 1.0% by weight and not more than 3.0% by weight of o-terphenyl and not less than 0.01% by weight and less than 1.0% by weight of triphenylene based on the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution are contained.  
     
     
         11 . An electrolytic solution for non-aqueous type batteries according to  claim 8 , wherein not less than 1.0% by weight and not more than 5.0% by weight of cyclohexylbenzene and not less than 0.01% by weight and less than 1.0% by weight of biphenyl based on the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution are contained.  
     
     
         12 . An electrolytic solution for non-aqueous type batteries according to  claim 8 , wherein not less than 1.0% by weight and not more than 5.0% by weight of cyclohexylbenzene and not less than 0.01% by weight and less than 1.0% by weight of o-terphenyl based on the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution are contained.  
     
     
         13 . An electrolytic solution for non-aqueous type batteries according to  claim 8 , wherein not less than 1.0% by weight and not more than 5.0% by weight of cyclohexylbenzene, not less than 0.01% by weight and less than 1.0% by weight of o-terphenyl and not less than 0.01% by weight and less than 1.0% by weight of biphenyl based on the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution are contained.  
     
     
         14 . An electrolytic solution for non-aqueous type batteries according to  claim 8 , wherein all of o-terphenyl, triphenylene, cyclohexylbenzene and biphenyl are contained and the total amount of them is 0.4-5% by weight based on the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution.  
     
     
         15 . An electrolytic solution for non-aqueous type batteries according to  claim 8 , wherein the cyclic carbonate is at least one compound selected from ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), butylene carbonate (BC) and vinylene carbonate (VC).  
     
     
         16 . An electrolytic solution for non-aqueous type batteries according to  claim 8 , wherein the chain carbonate is at least one compound selected from dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC), methylpropyl carbonate (MPC) and ethylpropyl carbonate (EPC).  
     
     
         17 . A non-aqueous type secondary battery containing a non-aqueous electrolytic solution in which an electrolyte is dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent, characterized in that two or more organic compounds differing in oxidative polymerization potential are further contained in the non-aqueous electrolytic solution, with a proviso that weight of the organic compound of relatively lower oxidative polymerization potential is less than that of the organic compound of relatively higher oxidative polymerization potential.  
     
     
         18 . A non-aqueous type secondary battery according to  claim 17 , wherein two or more organic compounds selected from o-terphenyl, triphenylene, cyclohexylbenzene and biphenyl are contained as the organic compounds differing in oxidative polymerization potential.  
     
     
         19 . A non-aqueous type secondary battery according to  claim 17 , wherein not less than 1.0% by weight and not more than 3.0% by weight of o-terphenyl and not less than 0.01% by weight and less than 1.0% by weight of triphenylene based on the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution are contained.  
     
     
         20 . A non-aqueous type secondary battery according to  claim 17 , wherein not less than 1.0% by weight and not more than 5.0% by weight of cyclohexylbenzene and not less than 0.01% by weight and less than 1.0% by weight of biphenyl based on the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution are contained.  
     
     
         21 . A non-aqueous type secondary battery according to  claim 17 , wherein not less than 1.0% by weight and not more than 5.0% by weight of cyclohexylbenzene and not less than 0.01% by weight and less than 1.0% by weight of o-terphenyl based on the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution are contained.  
     
     
         22 . A non-aqueous type secondary battery according to  claim 17 , wherein all of not less than 1.0% by weight and not more than 5.0% by weight of cyclohexylbenzene, not less than 0.01% by weight and less than 1.0% by weight of o-terphenyl and not less than 0.01% by weight and less than 1.0% by weight of biphenyl based on the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution are contained.  
     
     
         23 . A non-aqueous type secondary battery according to  claim 17 , wherein all of o-terphenyl, triphenylene, cyclohexylbenzene and biphenyl are contained and the total amount of them is 0.4-5% by weight based on the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution.  
     
     
         24 . A non-aqueous type secondary battery having a positive electrode comprising a material containing a lithium-containing metal oxide as a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode comprising a material containing graphite as a negative electrode active material and a non-aqueous electrolytic solution, characterized in that the non-aqueous electrolytic solution contains a non-aqueous solvent mainly composed of a cyclic carbonate and a chain carbonate in which a lithium salt is dissolved as a solute, and further contains two or more organic compounds differing in oxidative polymerization potential, with a proviso that weight of the organic compound of relatively lower oxidative polymerization potential is less than that of the organic compound of relatively higher oxidative polymerization potential.  
     
     
         25 . A non-aqueous type secondary battery according to  claim 24 , wherein two or more organic compounds selected from o-terphenyl, triphenylene, cyclohexylbenzene and biphenyl are contained as the organic compounds differing in oxidative polymerization potential.  
     
     
         26 . A non-aqueous type secondary battery according to  claim 24 , wherein not less than 1.0% by weight and not more than 3.0% by weight of o-terphenyl and not less than 0.01% by weight and less than 1.0% by weight of triphenylene based on the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution are contained.  
     
     
         27 . A non-aqueous type secondary battery according to  claim 24 , wherein not less than 1.0% by weight and not more than 5.0% by weight of cyclohexylbenzene and not less than 0.01% by weight and less than 1.0% by weight of biphenyl based on the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution are contained.  
     
     
         28 . A non-aqueous type secondary battery according to  claim 24 , wherein not less than 1.0% by weight and not more than 5.0% by weight of cyclohexylbenzene and not less than 0.01% by weight and less than 1.0% by weight of o-terphenyl based on the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution are contained.  
     
     
         29 . A non-aqueous type secondary battery according to  claim 24 , wherein all of not less than 1.0% by weight and not more than 5.0% by weight of cyclohexylbenzene, not less than 0.01% by weight and less than 1.0% by weight of o-terphenyl and not less than 0.01% by weight and less than 1.0% by weight of biphenyl based on the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution are contained.  
     
     
         30 . A non-aqueous type secondary battery according to  claim 24 , wherein all of o-terphenyl, triphenylene, cyclohexylbenzene and biphenyl are contained and the total amount of them is 0.4-5% by weight based on the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution.  
     
     
         31 . A non-aqueous type secondary battery according to  claim 24 , wherein the cyclic carbonate is at least one compound selected from ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), butylene carbonate (BC) and vinylene carbonate (VC).  
     
     
         32 . A non-aqueous type secondary battery according to  claim 24 , wherein the chain carbonate is at least one compound selected from dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC), methylpropyl carbonate (MPC) and ethylpropyl carbonate (EPC).