Flax protein isolate and production

Abstract

Flax mid linola oil seed protein isolates are provided. Such isolates are made by extracting flax and linola oil seed protein from the oil seed meal, concentrating the aqueous protein solution, diluting the concentrated protein solution to form protein micelles, collecting the protein micelles and drying the protein micellar mass. Further flax protein isolate may be recovered from the supernatant from the protein micellar formation. The protein isolates have a protein content of at least about 90 wt %. (N×6.25), preferably at least about 100 wt %, on a dry weight basis.

What we claim is:  
     
         1 . A flax oil seed protein isolate having a protein content of at least about 90 wt % as determined by kjeldahl nitrogen×6.25 (n×6.25) on a dry weight basis.  
     
     
         2 . The flax oil seed protein isolate of  claim 1  wherein said protein content is at least about 100 wt % (N×6.25).  
     
     
         3 . The flax seed protein isolate of  claim 1  derived from the low linolenic acid variety of flax linola.  
     
     
         4 . The flax seed protein isolate of  claim 1  which is substantially undenatured.  
     
     
         5 . The flax seed protein isolate of  claim 1  in the form of a wet protein micellar mass.  
     
     
         6 . The flax seed protein isolate of  claim 1  in a dry powdered form.  
     
     
         7 . The flax protein isolate of  claim 1  in the form of dried supernatant from the precipitation of flax protein micelles.  
     
     
         8 . The flax protein isolate of  claim 1  in the form of a dried combination of concentrated supernatant from the precipitation of flax protein micelles and precipitation flax protein micelles.  
     
     
         9 . A process of preparing a flax protein isolate, which comprises: 
 (a) extracting a flax oil seed meal to cause solubilization of protein in said oil seed meal and to form an aqueous protein solution,    (b) separating the aqueous protein solution from the residual oil seed meal,    (c) increasing the protein concentration of said aqueous protein solution while maintaining the ionic strength substantially constant by using a selective membrane technique to provide a concentrated protein solution,    (d) diluting said concentrated protein solution into chilled water to cause the formation of protein micelles,    (e) settling the protein micelles to form an amorphous, sticky, gelatinous, gluten-like protein micellar mass, and    (f) recovering the micellar mass from supernatant having a protein content of at least about 90 wt %, as determined by Kjeldahl nitrogen×6.25 on a dry weight basis.    
     
     
         10 . The process of  claim 9  wherein said extracting of said flax oil seed meal is effected using an aqueous salt solution having an ionic strength of at least about 0.10 and a pH of about 4 to about 7.  
     
     
         11 . The process of  claim 10  wherein said salt solution has an ionic strength of about 0.15 to about 0.6.  
     
     
         12 . The process of  claim 10  wherein said salt solution has a pH of about 5.3 to about 6.2.  
     
     
         13 . The process of  claim 9  wherein said extracting of said flax oil seed meal is effected using an aqueous salt solution having an ionic strength of at least about 0-10 and a pH of about 7 to about 12.  
     
     
         14 . The process of  claim 13  wherein said pH is about 7 to about 9.  
     
     
         15 . The process of  claim 13  wherein, following said extraction step, the pH of the aqueous protein solution is adjusted to about 4 to about 7 prior to said concentration step.  
     
     
         16 . The process of  claim 9  wherein said oil seed meal is extracted by water and subsequent thereto salt is added to the resulting aqueous protein solution to provide an aqueous protein solution having an ionic strength of at least about 0.10.  
     
     
         17 . The process of  claim 9  wherein said aqueous protein solution has a protein content of about 5 to about 30 g/L.  
     
     
         18 . The process of  claim 9  wherein said protein concentrating step is effected to provide a concentrated protein solution having a concentration of at least about 50 g/L.  
     
     
         19 . The process of  claim 18  wherein the protein concentration is at least about 100 g/L.  
     
     
         20 . The process of  claim 9  wherein said concentrated protein solution is warmed to a temperature of at least about 20° C. to decrease the viscosity of the concentrated protein solution but not beyond a temperature above which the temperature of the concentrated protein solution does not permit micelle formation upon dilution.  
     
     
         21 . The process of  claim 9  wherein said concentrated protein solution is diluted by about 15 fold or less by adding the concentrated protein solution into a body of water having the volume required to achieve the desired degree of dilution.  
     
     
         22 . The process of  claim 21  wherein said body of water has a temperature of less than about 10° C.  
     
     
         23 . The process of  claim 22  wherein said concentrated protein solution is diluted by about 10 fold or less.  
     
     
         24 . The process of  claim 9  wherein the recovered protein micellar mass is dried to a proteinaceous powder.  
     
     
         25 . The process of  claim 9  wherein supernatant from the settling step is processed to recover further flax protein isolate.  
     
     
         26 . The process of  claim 25  wherein the supernatant is concentrated using a membrane technique and the concentrated supernatant is dried.  
     
     
         27 . The process of  claim 25  wherein the supernatant is concentrated, the concentrated supernatant mixed with the protein micellar mass and the mixture is dried.  
     
     
         28 . The process of  claim 9  wherein steps (a) to (f) are effected in batch operation.  
     
     
         29 . The process of  claim 9  wherein steps (a) to (f) are effected in a continuous operation.  
     
     
         30 . The process of  claim 9  wherein steps (a) to (f) are effected in a semi-continuous manner.  
     
     
         31 . The process of  claim 9  wherein said flax oil seed meal is linola oil seed meal.