US2003103745A1PendingUtilityA1

Method and device for switching, amplification, controlling and modulation of optical radiation (variants)

Assignee: CLEOMEN LTDPriority: Jun 13, 1997Filed: Nov 20, 2002Published: Jun 5, 2003

Est. expiryJun 13, 2017(expired)· nominal 20-yr term from priority

Inventors:Alexandr Alexandrovich Maier

G02F 1/01708G02F 1/3521G02F 1/3515B82Y 20/00G02F 1/365G02F 3/00G02F 1/35

PatentIndex Score

Cited by

References

Claims

Abstract

The invention has improved parameters when compared with prior art devices, pump power was decreased by four orders of magnitude and amplification of signal was increased by two orders of magnitude. The main features of the invention are the following. A nonlinear optical waveguide is made on the basis of a layered MQW-type structure, where unidirectional distributively coupled waves (Ip, Is), e.g. coupled waves having orthogonal polarizations, interact. The wavelength of optical radiation is chosen close to the wavelength of resonance in the structure Input/output elements, taking into account the asymmetry of the cross section of the nonlinear optical waveguide, are mounted at the input and output of the nonlinear waveguide making up a compact nonlinear-optic module. A small electric current is injected across said nonlinear optical waveguide through electrodes, so as to increase the gain and decrease the pump optical power to a high degree. The device also contains a Peltier element and temperature sensor which help to obtain a low predetermined critical power of pump radiation necessary for large signal gain and to set up the necessary operation mode. The method of mounting and the construction of the optical elements of the device are also claimed. The technological reserves can improve already achieved record parameters. The device may be used as all-optical transistor, all-optical switch, logic element and devices based thereon.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified

1 . A method for switching, amplification, controlling and modulation of optical radiation, accomplished with using nonlinear-optical waveguide made on the basis of semiconductor layered MQW-type structure with alternating layers, containing at least two hetero-transitions, thereto the nonlinear-optical waveguide is made with possibility of propagation in it at least two unidirectional distributively coupled waves, including feeding of optical radiation with a power to be higher than the threshold power into said nonlinear-optical waveguide, an interaction of the unidirectional distributively coupled waves in the nonlinear-optical waveguide, and separation of the unidirectional distributively coupled waves after the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide,
CHARACTERIZED in that
cubic-nonlinear and/or quadratic-nonlinear-optical waveguide is used,
the wavelength λ of said optical radiation is selected from the condition 0.5λ r ≦λ≦1.5λ r , where λ r is the wavelength of one-photon exiton resonance and/or two-photon exiton resonance and/or band-gap resonance and/or half-band-gap resonance of said semiconductor layered MQW-type structure of said nonlinear-optical waveguide,
electrical current is carried through the nonlinear-optical waveguide,
the length of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is not less than the length, which is necessary for the switching and/or the transfer of at least 10% of power of one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves to other one from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves, and the length of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, which is necessary for the switching and/or the transfer of at least 10% of the power of the one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves to the other one from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves, does not exceed the length, at which the power of the most attenuated wave from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves is attenuated by a factor 20 or less,
before the input of said nonlinear-optical waveguide they vary the power or the polarization, or the wavelength of said optical radiation, or the angle of the feeding of said optical radiation into said nonlinear-optical waveguide, or they vary the difference in the phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the input of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, and/or they vary the ratio between the powers of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the input of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, or they vary external electrical or magnetic field applied to said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

2 . The method as set above in claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED in that the length of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is not less than the length, which is necessary for the switching and/or the transfer of at least 50% of power of one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves to other one from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves, and the length of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, which is necessary for the switching and/or the transfer of at least 50% of the power of the one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves to the other one from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves, does not exceed the length, at which the power of the most attenuated wave from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves is attenuated by a factor 10.

3 . The method as set above in claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED in that the average power of the optical radiation, fed into said nonlinear-optical waveguide, is installed from the condition of obtaining predetermined differential gain and/or the ratio of the powers of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or the difference in the phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

4 . The method as set above in claim 3 , CHARACTERIZED in that a power of fed optical radiation is chosen in interval from 0.25 P M up to 4P M , where P M is the critical power.

5 . The method as set above in claim 4 , CHARACTERIZED in that a power of fed optical radiation is chosen in interval from 0.5 P M up to 1.5 P M .

6 . The method as set above in claim 3 , CHARACTERIZED in that an average power of optical radiation, fed into said nonlinear-optical waveguide, is stabilized.

7 . The method as set above in claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED in that radiation, fed into said nonlinear-optical waveguide, is used in the form of pulses.

8 . The method as set above in claim 7 , CHARACTERIZED in that the pulses are solitons.

9 . The method as set above in claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED in that the temperature of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is installed from the condition of obtaining certain value of the threshold power, and/or the critical power, and/or the differential gain and/or the ratio of the powers of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or the difference in the phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide and the temperature of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is stabilized.

10 . The method as set above in claim 9 , CHARACTERIZED in that temperature of the nonlinear-optical waveguide is controlled and/or stabilized by means of a thermostat and/or at least one thermoelectric Peltier element, supplied with a controller and/or a stabilizer of the temperature.

11 . The method as set above in claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED in that at least one of the ends of said nonlinear-optical waveguide has an antireflection coating.

12 . The method as set above in claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED in that the wavelength λ of the optical radiation is selected from the conditions 0.9λ r ≦λ≦1.1λ r .

13 . The method as set above in claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED in that the nonlinear-optical waveguide is made as birefringent and/or optically active.

14 . The method as set above in any of claims 1 - 13 , CHARACTERIZED in that said unidirectional distributively coupled waves are the waves of the different wavelengths, and/or the different polarizations, and/or the different waveguide modes.

15 . The method as set above in any of claims 1 - 13 , CHARACTERIZED in that the optical radiation, fed into said nonlinear-optical waveguide, includes waves of two frequencies, differing by the value more than τ −1 , where τ is characteristic time of change of a parameter of the optical radiation.

16 . The method as set above in any of claims 1 - 13 , CHARACTERIZED in that by means of a separator the waves of different polarizations and/or different wavelengths and/or different waveguide modes are separated, or the wave of one polarization and/or of one wavelength and/or of one waveguide mode is selected out.

17 . The method as set above in any of claims 1 - 13 , CHARACTERIZED in that said coherent optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide is used in the form of the radiation of linear or elliptical or circular polarization.

18 . The method as set above in claim 17 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical field vector or the axis of polarization ellipse of optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide is directed at an angle ν, 10°&lt;ν&lt;λ° relative to the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

19 . The method as set above in claim 18 , CHARACTERIZED in that electrical field vector or the axis of polarization ellipse of optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide is directed at the angle of 45° to the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of the nonlinear-optical waveguide.

20 . The method as set above in claim 17 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical field vector or axis of polarization ellipse of optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide is directed at an angle ν, −10°&lt;ν&lt;10° relative to the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of the nonlinear-optical waveguide.

21 . The method as set above in claim 20 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical field vector or the axis of polarization ellipse of optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide is coincided with the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of the nonlinear-optical waveguide.

22 . The method as set above in of claim 14 , CHARACTERIZED in that the difference in the phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves in optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide is installed from the condition of obtaining the certain differential gain and/or the powers ratio of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of the nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or the difference in the phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of the nonlinear-optical waveguide.

23 . The method as set above in any of claims 1 - 13 , CHARACTERIZED in that as coherent optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide, the optical radiation of a semiconductor laser and/or laser module is used, thereto a temperature of emitting semiconductor structure of the laser and/or laser module is controlled and/or stabilized.

24 . The method as set above in any of claims 1 - 13 , CHARACTERIZED in that at the input of the nonlinear-optical waveguide said optical radiation is focused and/or at the output of the nonlinear-optical waveguide said optical radiation is collimated by means of a cylindrical lens and/or a gradan.

25 . The method as set above in any of claims 1 - 13 , CHARACTERIZED in that the feeding of the optical radiation into the nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or the feeding of the optical radiation out from the nonlinear-optical waveguide is done by means of input and/or output optical waveguide correspondingly.

26 . The method as set above in claim 25 , CHARACTERIZED in that at the output and/or input end of input and/or output optical waveguide a parabolic lens and/or a conic lens and/or a cylindrical lens is made and/or a gradan is mounted.

27 . The method as set above in claim 25 , CHARACTERIZED in that at least a part of the input waveguide is made from magneto-optic material and set into a solenoid, through which variable electrical current, modulating the optical radiation polarization, is carried, or at least a part of the input waveguide is made as an electro-optical rotator of a polarization plane.

28 . The method as set above in any of claims 1 - 13 , CHARACTERIZED in that said electrical current is carried through the direction perpendicular to the layers of aforesaid semiconductor layered MWQ-type structure.

29 . The method as set above in claim 28 , CHARACTERIZED in that constant electrical current from 0.5 mA to 10 mA is carried, thereto the current spread from an average value over time does not exceed 0.1 mA.

30 . The method as set above in claim 28 , CHARACTERIZED in that electrical current is carried through the nonlinear-optical waveguide in certain intervals of time.

31 . The method as set above in any of claims 1 - 13 , CHARACTERIZED in that dependences of powers on time of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves, separated after the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, are compared and their amplified opposite modulation in powers is selected out by means of a correlator and/or differential amplifier.

32 . The method as set above in any of claims 1 - 13 , CHARACTERIZED in that before the input of the nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or after the output of the nonlinear-optical waveguide at least one optical isolator is mounted.

33 . The method as set above in any of claims 1 - 13 , CHARACTERIZED in that said nonlinear-optical waveguide is made as singlemoded for optical radiation fed into said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

34 . A method for switching, amplification, controlling and modulation of optical radiation, accomplished with using nonlinear-optical waveguide made on the basis of semiconductor layered MQW-type structure with alternating layers, containing at least two hetero-transitions, thereto said nonlinear-optical waveguide is made with possibility of propagation in it at least two unidirectional distributively coupled waves, including feeding of pump optical radiation with a power to be higher than the threshold power and at least one coherent signal optical radiation into the nonlinear-optical waveguide, an interaction of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves in the nonlinear-optical waveguide, and separation of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves after the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide,
CHARACTERIZED in that
cubic-nonlinear and/or quadratic-nonlinear-optical waveguide is used,
the wavelength λ of the pump optical radiation and/or the signal optical radiation is selected from the condition 0.5λ r ≦λ≦1.5λ r , where λ r l is the wavelength of one-photon exiton resonance and/or two-photon exiton resonance and/or band-gap resonance and/or half-band-gap resonance of said semiconductor layered MQW-type structure of said nonlinear-optical waveguide,
electrical current is carried through the nonlinear-optical waveguide,
the length of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is not less than the length, which is necessary for the switching and/or the transfer of at least 10% of power of one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves to other one from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves, and the length of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, which is necessary for the switching and/or the transfer of at least 10% of the power of the one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves to the other one from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves, does not exceed the length, at which the power of the most attenuated wave from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves is attenuated by a factor 20 or less,
before the input of said nonlinear-optical waveguide they vary the power or the phase, or the polarization, or the wavelength of said signal optical radiation, or the angle of the feeding of said signal optical radiation into said nonlinear-optical waveguide, and/or they vary the difference in the phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the input of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, and/or they vary the ratio between the powers of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the input of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, or they change the difference in the phases of said signal optical radiation and said pump optical radiation.

35 . The method as set above in claim 34 , CHARACTERIZED in that the length of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is not less than the length, which is necessary for the switching and/or the transfer of at least 50% of power of one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves to other one from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves, and the length of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, which is necessary for the switching and/or the transfer of at least 50% of the power of the one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves to the other one from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves, does not exceed the length, at which the power of the most attenuated wave from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves is attenuated by a factor 10

36 . The method as set above in claim 34 , CHARACTERIZED in that the power of the pump optical radiation, fed into said nonlinear-optical waveguide, is installed from the condition of the choice of the certain value of the differential gain and/or the ratio of powers of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or the difference in phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

37 . The method as set above in claim 36 , CHARACTERIZED in that in a case of using cubic nonlinear-optical waveguide the power of fed pump optical radiation is chosen in the range from 0.25 P M up to 4 P M , where P M is the critical power.

38 . The method as set above in claim 37 , CHARACTERIZED in that in a case of using cubic nonlinear-optical waveguide the power of fed pump optical radiation is chosen in the interval from 0.5 P M up to 1.5 P M , where P M is the critical power.

39 . The method as set above in claim 36 , CHARACTERIZED in that said pump optical radiation power is stabilized.

40 . The method as set above in claim 34 , CHARACTERIZED in that the pump optical radiation power is larger than the signal optical radiation power at least by the order of magnitude.

41 . The method as set above in claim 34 , CHARACTERIZED in that the power of the pump optical radiation and the power of the signal optical radiation are differed from their geometric average value not larger than by the order of magnitude.

42 . The method as set above in claim 34 , CHARACTERIZED in that said pump optical radiation and/or said signal optical radiation is used in the form of pulses.

43 . The method as set above in claim 42 , CHARACTERIZED in that said pulses are solitons.

44 . The method as set above in claim 34 , CHARACTERIZED in that the temperature of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is installed from the condition of obtaining predetermined value of the threshold power, and/or the critical power, and/or the differential gain and/or the ratio of powers of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or the difference in the phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide and temperature of the nonlinear-optical waveguide is stabilized.

45 . The method as set above in claim 44 , CHARACTERIZED in that the temperature of the nonlinear-optical waveguide is controlled and/or stabilized by means of a thermostat and/or by means of at least one thermoelectric Peltier element, supplied with a controller and/or a stabilizer of the temperature.

46 . The method as set above in claim 34 , CHARACTERIZED in that at least one of the ends of said nonlinear-optical waveguide has an antireflection coating.

47 . The method as set above in claim 34 , CHARACTERIZED in that the wavelength λ of the pump optical radiation and/or signal optical radiation is selected from the conditions 0.9λ r ≦λ≦1.1λ r .

48 . The method as set above in claim 34 , CHARACTERIZED in that said nonlinear-optical waveguide is made as birefringent, and/or optically active.

49 . The method as set above in any of claims 34 - 48 , CHARACTERIZED in that said unidirectional distributively coupled waves are the waves of different wavelengths, and/or different polarizations, and/or different waveguide modes.

50 . The method as set above in any of claims 34 - 48 , CHARACTERIZED in that said signal optical radiation and said pump optical radiation have center carrier frequencies, differing from each other by the value more than τ −1 , where τ is characteristic time of change of a parameter of the signal optical radiation.

51 . The method as set above in any of claims 34 - 48 , CHARACTERIZED in that said signal optical radiation and said pump optical radiation contains waves of at least two polarizations, or two wavelengths, or two optical waveguide modes.

52 . The method as set above in any of claims 34 - 48 , CHARACTERIZED in that signal optical radiation and pump optical radiation have the same polarization and/or the same wavelength.

53 . The method as set above in any of claims 34 - 48 , CHARACTERIZED in that separation of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves after the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is done by means of separation of waves of different polarizations and/or different wavelengths and/or different waveguide modes.

54 . The method as set above in any of claims 34 - 48 , CHARACTERIZED in that as said pump optical radiation and/or said signal optical radiation they use the optical radiation of a semiconductor laser or a laser module, thereto the temperature of the emitting semiconductor structure of the laser or the laser module is controlled and/or stabilized.

55 . The method as set above in claim 53 , CHARACTERIZED in that aforesaid pump optical radiation and aforesaid signal optical radiation have the same or different linear or elliptical polarizations.

56 . The method as set above in claim 55 , CHARACTERIZED in that the pump optical radiation and the signal optical radiation have linear mutually orthogonal polarizations or elliptical polarizations with mutually orthogonal axes of polarization ellipses.

57 . The method as set above in claim 55 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical field vector or the axis of polarization ellipse of said pump and/or signal optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide is directed at the angle ν, 10°&lt;ν&lt;80° relative to the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

58 . The method as set above in claim 57 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical field vector or the axis of polarization ellipse of said pump and/or signal optical radiation is directed at the angle of 45° to the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

59 . The method as set above in claim 55 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical field vector or the axis of the polarization ellipse of said pump and/or signal optical radiation fed into said nonlinear-optical waveguide is directed at the angle ν, −10°&lt;ν&lt;10° relative to the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of the nonlinear-optical waveguide.

60 . The method as set above in claim 59 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical field vector or the axis of the polarization ellipse of said pump and/or signal optical radiation is coincided with the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of the nonlinear-optical waveguide.

61 . The method as set above in claim 53 , CHARACTERIZED in that the pump optical radiation and the signal optical radiation have the same or reverse circular polarizations.

62 . The method as set above in any of claims 34 - 48 , CHARACTERIZED in that before the feeding of the pump optical radiation and the signal optical radiation into the nonlinear-optical waveguide said radiations are focused, and/or after transmission of the radiations through the nonlinear-optical waveguide the optical radiation is collimated by a cylindrical lens and/or a gradan.

63 . The method as set above in any of claims 34 - 48 , CHARACTERIZED in that the feeding of the pump optical radiation and the signal optical radiation into said nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or the feeding of the optical radiation out from the nonlinear-optical waveguide is done by means of the input and/or output optical waveguide correspondingly.

64 . The method as set above in claim 63 , CHARACTERIZED in that at the output and/or input end of input and/or output optical waveguide a parabolic lens and/or a conic lens and/or a cylindrical lens is made and/or a gradan is mounted.

65 . The method as set above in claim 63 , CHARACTERIZED in that the input waveguide contains at least two input branches, at least into one of which the signal optical radiation is fed and into another branch the pump optical radiation is fed, thereto at least a part of the branch, into which the signal optical radiation is fed, is made of magneto-optic material and set in solenoid, through which variable electrical current, modulating the polarization of the signal optical radiation, is carried, or at least the part of the branch is made as an electro-optic rotator of the polarization plane of optical radiation.

66 . The method as set above in any of claims 34 - 48 , CHARACTERIZED in that before the input of said nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or after the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide at least one optical isolator is mounted and optically connected with said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

67 . The method as set above in any of claims 34 - 48 , CHARACTERIZED in that said electrical current through the nonlinear-optical waveguide is carried in the direction perpendicular to the layers of said semiconductor layered MWQ-type structure.

68 . The method as set above in claim 67 , CHARACTERIZED in that constant electrical current from 0.5 mA to 10 mA is carried, thereto the current spread from an average value in time does not exceed 0.1 mA.

69 . The method as set above in claim 67 , CHARACTERIZED in that electrical current is carried through the nonlinear-optical waveguide in certain intervals of time.

70 . The method as set above in any of claims 34 - 48 , CHARACTERIZED in that dependences of powers on time of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves, separated after the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, are compared and their amplified opposite modulation in powers is selected out by means of a correlator and/or differential amplifier.

71 . The method as set above in any of claims 34 - 48 , CHARACTERIZED in that pump optical radiation and signal optical radiation are selected with different wavelengths λ p and λ s , thereto wavelength λ r of exiton resonance of said semiconductor structure of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is installed by controlling of its temperature, and/or the wavelength λ p and/or λ s is installed so that absolute value of difference between wavelength λ s of the signal optical radiation and the wavelength λ r of the exiton resonance is less than absolute value of difference between wavelength λ p of the pump optical radiation and the wavelength of the exiton resonance: |λ s −λ r |&lt;|λ p −λ r |.

72 . The method as set above in any of claims 34 - 48 , CHARACTERIZED in that pump optical radiation and signal optical radiation are selected with different wavelengths λ p and λ s , thereto wavelength λ r of exiton resonance of said semiconductor structure of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is installed by controlling of its temperature, and/or the wavelength λ p and/or λ s is installed so that absolute value of difference between wavelength λ s of the signal optical radiation and the wavelength λ r of the exiton resonance is larger than absolute value of difference between wavelength λ p of the pump optical radiation and the wavelength of the exiton resonance: |λ s −λ r |&gt;|λ p −λ r |.

73 . The method as set above in claim 54 , CHARACTERIZED in that the wavelength of the laser and/or laser module radiation is installed by controlling temperature of the radiating semiconductor structure of the laser and/or laser module, and/or by squeezing or stretching of fiber-optic waveguide in which a refractive index periodical grating is made, and the said fiber-optic waveguide is comprised in the laser module and adjoined to the laser diode.

74 . The method as set above in any of claims 34 - 48 , CHARACTERIZED in that said nonlinear-optical waveguide is made as singlemoded to both signal and pump optical radiations.

75 . A method for switching, amplification, controlling and modulation of optical radiation, carried out with using nonlinear-optical waveguide made on the basis of semiconductor layered MQW-type structure with alternating layers, containing at least two hetero-transitions, thereto the nonlinear-optical waveguide is made with possibility of propagation in it at least two unidirectional distributively coupled waves having different polarizations, comprising the feeding of polarized optical radiation with a power to be higher than the threshold power into said nonlinear-optical waveguide, the interaction of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves having different polarizations in said nonlinear-optical waveguide, and separation of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves having different polarizations after the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide,
CHARACTERIZED in that
cubic-nonlinear and/or quadratic-nonlinear-optical waveguide is used,
the nonlinear-optical waveguide is made as birefringent and/or optically active,
wavelength λ of the radiation is selected from the condition 0.5λ r ≦λ≦1.5λ r , where λ r is the wavelength of one-photon exiton resonance and/or two-photon exiton resonance and/or band-gap resonance and/or half-band-gap resonance of said semiconductor layered MQW-type structure of said nonlinear-optical waveguide,
electrical current is carried through said nonlinear-optical waveguide,
the length of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is not less than the length, which is necessary for the switching and/or the transfer of at least 10% of power of one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves having different polarizations to other one from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves of different polarization, and the length of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, which is necessary for the switching and/or the transfer of at least 10% of the power of the one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves having different polarizations to the other one from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves of different polarization, does not exceed the length, at which the power of the most attenuated wave from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves is attenuated in 20 times or less,
before the input of said nonlinear-optical waveguide they vary the power or the polarization, or the wavelength of said optical radiation, or the angle of the feeding of said optical radiation into said nonlinear-optical waveguide, or they vary the difference in the phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the input of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, and/or they vary the ratio between the powers of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the input of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, or they vary external electrical or magnetic field applied to said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

76 . The method as set above in claim 75 , CHARACTERIZED in that the length of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is not less than the length, which is necessary for the switching and/or the transfer of at least 50% of power of one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves having different polarizations to other one from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves of different polarization, and the length of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, which is necessary for the switching and/or the transfer of at least 50% of the power of the one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves having different polarizations to the other one from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves of different polarization, does not exceed the length, at which the power of the most attenuated wave from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves is attenuated in 10 times.

77 . The method as set above in claim 75 , CHARACTERIZED in that the average power of the optical radiation, fed into said nonlinear-optical waveguide, is installed from the condition of the obtaining a predetermined differential gain and/or a ratio of the powers of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or the difference in the phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

78 . The method as set above in claim 77 , CHARACTERIZED in that in a case of using cubic nonlinear-optical waveguide a power of fed optical radiation is chosen in interval from 0.25 P M up to 4P M , where P M is the critical power.

79 . The method as set above in claim 78 , CHARACTERIZED in that in a case of using cubic nonlinear-optical waveguide a power of fed optical radiation is chosen in interval from 0.5 P M up to 1.5 P M .

80 . The method as set above in claim 77 , CHARACTERIZED in that the average power of the polarized optical radiation, fed into said nonlinear-optical waveguide, is stabilized.

81 . The method as set above in claim 75 , CHARACTERIZED in that the polarized optical radiation, fed into said nonlinear-optical waveguide, is used in the form of pulses.

82 . The method as set above in claim 81 , CHARACTERIZED in that the pulses are solitons.

83 . The method as set above in claim 75 , CHARACTERIZED in that the temperature of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is installed from the condition of obtaining certain value of the threshold power, and/or the critical power, and/or the differential gain and/or the ratio of the powers of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves having different polarizations at the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or the difference in the phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide and the temperature of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is stabilized.

84 . The method as set above in claim 83 , CHARACTERIZED in that the temperature of the said nonlinear-optical waveguide is controlled and/or stabilized by means of a thermostat and/or at least one thermoelectric Peltier element, supplied with a controller and/or a stabilizer of the temperature.

85 . The method as set above in claim 75 , CHARACTERIZED in that at least one of the ends of said nonlinear-optical waveguide has an antireflection coating.

86 . The method as set above in claim 75 , CHARACTERIZED in that the wavelength λ of said optical radiation is selected from the condition 0.8λ r &lt;λ&lt;1.2λ r .

87 . The method as set above in any of claims 75 - 86 , CHARACTERIZED in that said polarized optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide is used in the form of the optical radiation of linear or elliptical or circular polarization.

88 . The method as set above in claim 87 , CHARACTERIZED in that said separation of waves of different polarizations after the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is fulfilled by a polarizer made as a polaroid, or a polarizing prism, or a birefringent prism, or a directional coupler, separating waves with different polarizations, or a polarizer based on an optical waveguide, or as an air-path optical isolator, or a fiber-optic isolator, or a circular polarizer, or the polarizer comprises a phase compensator.

89 . The method as set above in any of claims 75 - 86 , CHARACTERIZED in that before the input of the nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or after the output of the nonlinear-optical waveguide at least one optical isolator is placed.

90 . The method as set above in claim 89 , CHARACTERIZED in that said optical isolator mounted before said nonlinear-optical waveguide is used as an optical polarizer, and/or optical isolator mounted after the nonlinear-optical waveguide is used for separating out one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves.

91 . The method as set above in any of claims 75 - 86 , CHARACTERIZED in that before the input of the nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or after the output of the nonlinear-optical waveguide at least one phase compensator or a controller is placed, by means of which they control the difference in phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves or they set a predetermined difference in phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the input and/or at the output of the nonlinear-optical waveguide, thereto the phase compensator or controller is made as an air-path phase compensator or controller, or a waveguide phase compensator or controller, and/or a fiber-optic waveguide phase compensator or controller.

92 . The method as set above in any of claims 75 - 86 , CHARACTERIZED in that a difference in phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves of different polarizations at the input of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is installed from the condition of a choice of a value of the differential gain and/or the ratio of powers of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves of different polarizations at the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or the difference in phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

93 . The method as set above in any of claims 75 - 86 , CHARACTERIZED in that before the input of the nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or after the output of the nonlinear-optical waveguide at least one polarizer controller is mounted, by means of which they set predetermined polarization of fed optical radiation at the input of the nonlinear-optical waveguide, thereto the polarization controller is made as an air-path polarization controller, or a waveguide polarization controller, and/or a fiber-optic polarization controller.

94 . The method as set above in claim 87 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical field vector or the axis of polarization ellipse of the polarized optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide is directed at an angle ν, 10°&lt;ν&lt;80° relative to the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

95 . The method as set above in claim 94 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical field vector or the axis of polarization ellipse of polarized optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide is directed at an angle ν, 40°&lt;ν&lt;50° relative to the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

96 . The method as set above in claim 95 , CHARACTERIZED in that electrical field vector or the axis of polarization ellipse of optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide is directed at the angle of 45° to the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of the nonlinear-optical waveguide.

97 . The method as set above in claim 87 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical field vector or the axis of polarization ellipse of the polarized optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide is directed at an angle ν, −10°&lt;ν&lt;10° relative to the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of the nonlinear-optical waveguide.

98 . The method as set above in claim 97 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical field vector or the axis of polarization ellipse of the polarized optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide is coincided with the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of the nonlinear-optical waveguide.

99 . The method as set above in any of claims 75 - 86 , CHARACTERIZED in that as polarized optical radiation, fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide, an optical radiation of a semiconductor laser or a laser module is used, thereto a temperature of radiating semiconductor structure of the laser or the laser module is controlled and/or stabilized.

100 . The method as set above in any of claims 75 - 86 , CHARACTERIZED in that at the input of the nonlinear-optical waveguide radiation is focused and/or at the output of the nonlinear-optical waveguide radiation is collimated by means of a cylindrical lens and/or a gradan.

101 . The method as set above in any of claims 75 - 86 , CHARACTERIZED in that the feeding of the optical radiation into the nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or the feeding of the optical radiation out from the nonlinear-optical waveguide is done by means of an input and/or an output optical waveguide correspondingly.

102 . The method as set above in claim 101 , CHARACTERIZED in that at the output and/or input end of the input and/or output optical waveguide a parabolic lens and/or a conic lens and/or a cylindrical lens is made and/or a gradan is mounted.

103 . The method as set above in claim 101 , CHARACTERIZED in that at least part of the input waveguide is made of magneto-optic material and set in a solenoid, through which variable electrical current, modulating polarization of aforesaid polarized optical radiation, is carried, or at least part of the input waveguide is made as an electro-optic rotator of a polarization plane.

104 . The method as set above in claim 101 , CHARACTERIZED in that following optical elements: a semiconductor laser or laser module or fiber-optic source module, which serves as a source of said polarized optical radiation, and/or said nonlinear-optical waveguide, and/or said input optical waveguide, and/or said output optical waveguide, and/or an optical isolator made in the form of an optical waveguide, and/or an optical polarizer made in the form of an optical waveguide and used for separation of said unidirectional destributively coupled waves having different polarizations, and/or an optical phase compensator or a controller made in the form of an optical waveguide, are optically connected in a united optical waveguide or in a nonlinear-optical module.

105 . The method as set above in claim 104 , CHARACTERIZED in that a semiconductor laser or laser module or fiber-optic source module is made with an external resonator.

106 . The method as set above in claim 105 , CHARACTERIZED in that the mirror of said external resonator is made as a refractive index periodical grating in fiber-optic waveguide adjoined to the laser diode, thereto said laser diode end the closest to said fiber-optic waveguide has an antireflection coating and another end of said laser diode has a reflection coating.

107 . The method as set above in claim 104 , CHARACTERIZED in that the said optical elements are optically connected by fiber-optic connectors and/or connecting sockets.

108 . The method as set above in claim 107 , CHARACTERIZED in that the said optical elements are optically connected by fiber-optical connectors and/or connecting sockets with possibility of rotation or turn of said optical elements of the nonlinear-optical module, connected by means of optical fiber connectors and/or sockets, around the longitudinal axis of the nonlinear-optical module.

109 . The method as set above in claim 108 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical field vector or the axis of the polarization ellipse of the polarized optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide is orientated relative to the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of the nonlinear-optical waveguide by rotation of optical elements of the nonlinear-optical module, connected by means of optical fiber connectors and/or sockets, around the longitudinal axis of the nonlinear-optical module.

110 . The method as set above in any of claims 75 - 86 , CHARACTERIZED in that the polarized optical radiation, fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide, includes waves of two frequencies differing by the value more than τ −1 , where τ is a characteristic time of a change of a parameter of the radiation.

111 . The method as set above in any of claims 75 - 86 , CHARACTERIZED in that said electrical current is carried in the direction perpendicular to the layers of said semiconductor layered MWQ-type structure.

112 . The method as set above in claim 111 , CHARACTERIZED in that constant electrical current from 0.5 mA to 10 mA is carried, thereto the current spread from an average value in time does not exceed 0.1 mA.

113 . The method as set above in claim 111 , CHARACTERIZED in that electrical current is carried through the nonlinear-optical waveguide in predetermined intervals of time.

114 . The method as set above in any of claims 75 - 86 , CHARACTERIZED in that dependences of powers on time of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves, separated after the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, are compared and their amplified opposite modulation in powers is selected out by means of a correlator and/or differential amplifier.

115 . The method as set above in any of claims 75 - 86 , CHARACTERIZED in that said nonlinear-optical waveguide is made as single-mode for said polarized optical radiation.

116 . The method as set above in any of claims 75 - 86 , CHARACTERIZED in that said unidirectional distributively coupled waves of different polarizations are the waves of mutually orthogonal polarizations.

117 . A method for switching, amplification, controlling and modulation of optical radiation, accomplished with using nonlinear-optical waveguide made on the basis of semiconductor layered MQW-type structure with alternating layers, containing at least two hetero-transitions, thereto said nonlinear-optical waveguide is made with possibility of propagation in it at least two unidirectional distributively coupled waves having different polarizations, comprising the feeding of polarized pump optical radiation with a power to be higher than the threshold power and at least one polarized signal optical radiation into said nonlinear-optical waveguide, an interaction of the unidirectional distributively coupled waves having different polarizations in the nonlinear-optical waveguide, and separation of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves having different polarizations after their output from said nonlinear-optical waveguide,
CHARACTERIZED in that
cubic-nonlinear and/or quadratic-nonlinear-optical waveguide is used,
the nonlinear-optical waveguide is made as birefringent and/or optically active,
the wavelength λ of the pump optical radiation and/or the signal optical radiation is selected from the condition 0.5λ r ≦λ≦1.5λ r , where λ r is the wavelength of one-photon exiton resonance and/or two-photon exiton resonance and/or band-gap resonance and/or half-band-gap resonance of said semiconductor layered MQW-type structure of said nonlinear-optical waveguide,
electrical current is carried through said nonlinear-optical waveguide,
the length of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is not less than the length, which is necessary for the switching and/or the transfer of at least 10% of power of one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves having different polarizations to other one from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves of different polarization, and the length of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, which is necessary for the switching and/or the transfer of at least 10% of the power of the one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves having different polarizations to the other one from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves of different polarization, does not exceed the length, at Which the power of the most attenuated wave from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves is attenuated in 20 times or less,
before the input of said nonlinear-optical waveguide they vary the power or the phase, or the polarization, or the wavelength of said signal optical radiation, or the angle of the feeding of said signal optical radiation into said nonlinear-optical waveguide, and/or they vary the difference in the phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the input of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, and/or they vary the ratio between the powers of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the input of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, or they change the difference in the phases of said signal optical radiation and said pump optical radiation.

118 . The method as set above in claim 117 , CHARACTERIZED in that the length of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is not less than the length, which is necessary for the switching and/or the transfer of at least 50% of power of one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves having different polarizations to other one from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves of different polarization, and the length of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, which is necessary for the switching and/or the transfer of at least 50% of the power of the one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves having different polarizations to the other one from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves of different polarization, does not exceed the length, at which the power of the most attenuated wave from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves is attenuated in 20 times.

119 . The method as set above in claim 117 , CHARACTERIZED in that the power of the pump optical radiation, fed into said nonlinear-optical waveguide, is installed from the condition of obtaining predetermined value of the differential gain and/or the ratio of powers of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves having different polarizations at the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or the difference in phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

120 . The method as set above in claim 119 , CHARACTERIZED in that the power of fed pump optical radiation is chosen in the range from 0.25 P M up to 4P M , where P M is the critical power.

121 . The method as set above in claim 120 , CHARACTERIZED in that the power of fed pump optical radiation is chosen in the interval from 0.5P M up to 4P M , where P M is the critical power.

122 . The method as set above in claim 119 , CHARACTERIZED in that said pump optical radiation power is stabilized.

123 . The method as set above in claim 117 , CHARACTERIZED in that the pump optical radiation power is larger than the signal optical radiation power at least by the order of magnitude.

124 . The method as set above in claim 117 , CHARACTERIZED in that the power of the pump optical radiation and the power of the signal optical radiation are differed from their geometric average value not larger than by the order of magnitude.

125 . The method as set above in claim 117 , CHARACTERIZED in that said pump optical radiation and/or said signal optical radiation is used in the form of pulses.

126 . The method as set above in claim 125 , CHARACTERIZED in that said pulses are solitons.

127 . The method as set above in claim 117 , CHARACTERIZED in that the temperature of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is installed from the condition of obtaining predetermined value of the threshold power, and/or the critical power, and/or the differential gain and/or the ratio of powers of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or the difference in the phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide and temperature of the nonlinear-optical waveguide is stabilized.

128 . The method as set above in claim 127 , CHARACTERIZED in that the temperature of the nonlinear-optical waveguide is controlled and/or stabilized by means of a thermostat and/or by means of at least one thermoelectric Peltier element, supplied with a controller and/or a stabilizer of the temperature.

129 . The method as set above in claim 117 , CHARACTERIZED in that at least one of the ends of said nonlinear-optical waveguide has an antireflection coating.

130 . The method as set above in claim 117 , CHARACTERIZED in that the wavelength λ of the pump optical radiation and/or signal optical radiation is selected from the conditions 0.8λ r ≦λ≦1.2λ r .

131 . The method as set above in any of claims 117 - 130 , CHARACTERIZED in that said unidirectional distributively coupled waves are the waves of different wavelengths, and/or different polarizations, and/or different waveguide modes.

132 . The method as set above in any of claims 117 - 130 , CHARACTERIZED in that said signal optical radiation and said pump optical radiation have center carrier frequencies, differing from each other by the value more than τ −1 , where τ is characteristic time of change of a parameter of the signal optical radiation.

133 . The method as set above in any of claims 117 - 130 , CHARACTERIZED in that said signal optical radiation and said pump optical radiation contains waves of at least two polarizations, or two wavelengths, or two optical waveguide modes.

134 . The method as set above in any of claims 117 - 130 , CHARACTERIZED in that signal optical radiation and pump optical radiation have the same polarization and/or the same wavelength.

135 . The method as set above in any of claims 117 - 130 , CHARACTERIZED in that separation of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is done by means of a separator of waves of different polarizations and/or different wavelengths and/or different waveguide modes.

136 . The method as set above in any of claims 117 - 130 , CHARACTERIZED in that as said pump optical radiation and/or said signal optical radiation the optical radiation of a semiconductor laser and/or a laser module is used, thereto the temperature of the emitting semiconductor structure of the laser and/or the laser module is controlled and/or stabilized.

137 . The method as set above in claim 117 - 130 , CHARACTERIZED in that aforesaid pump optical radiation and aforesaid signal optical radiation have the same or different linear or elliptical polarizations.

138 . The method as set above in claim 137 , CHARACTERIZED in that the pump optical radiation and the signal optical radiation have linear mutually orthogonal polarizations or elliptical polarizations with mutually orthogonal axes of polarization ellipses.

139 . The method as set above in claim 137 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical field vector or the axis of polarization ellipse of said pump and/or signal optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide is directed at the angle ν, 10°&lt;ν&lt;80° relative to the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

140 . The method as set above in claim 139 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical field vector or the axis of polarization ellipse of said pump and/or signal optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide is directed at the angle ν, 40°&lt;ν&lt;50° relative to the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

141 . The method as set above in claim 140 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical field vector or the axis of polarization ellipse of said pump and/or signal optical radiation is directed at the angle of 45° to the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

142 . The method as set above in claim 137 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical field vector or the axis of the polarization ellipse of said pump and/or signal optical radiation fed into said nonlinear-optical waveguide is directed at the angle ν, −10°&lt;ν&lt;10° relative to the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of the nonlinear-optical waveguide.

143 . The method as set above in claim 142 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical field vector or the axis of the polarization ellipse of said pump and/or signal optical radiation is coincided with the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of the nonlinear-optical waveguide.

144 . The method as set above in any of claims 117 - 130 , CHARACTERIZED in that a difference in phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves of orthogonal polarizations at the input of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is installed from the condition obtaining predetermined value of the differential gain and/or the ratio of powers of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves of orthogonal polarizations at the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or the difference in phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

145 . The method as set above in claim 117 , CHARACTERIZED in that the pump optical radiation and the signal optical radiation have the same or reverse circular polarizations.

146 . The method as set above in any of claims 117 - 130 , CHARACTERIZED in that before the feeding of the pump optical radiation and the signal optical radiation into the nonlinear-optical waveguide said radiations are focused, and/or after transmission of the radiations through the nonlinear-optical waveguide the optical radiation is collimated by a cylindrical lens and/or a gradan.

147 . The method as set above in any of claims 117 - 130 , CHARACTERIZED in that the feeding of the pump optical radiation and the signal optical radiation into said nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or the feeding of the optical radiation out from the nonlinear-optical waveguide is done by means of the input and/or output optical waveguide correspondingly.

148 . The method as set above in claim 147 , CHARACTERIZED in that at the output and/or input end of input and/or output optical waveguide a parabolic lens and/or a conic lens and/or a cylindrical lens is made and/or a gradan is mounted.

149 . The method as set above in claim 147 , CHARACTERIZED in that the input waveguide contains at least two input branches, at least into one of which the signal optical radiation is fed and into another branch the pump optical radiation is fed, thereto at least a part of the branch, into which the signal optical radiation is fed, is made of magneto-optic material and set in solenoid, through which variable electrical current, modulating the polarization of the signal optical radiation, is carried, or at least the part of the branch is made as electro-optic rotator of polarization plane.

150 . The method as set above in any of claims 117 - 130 , CHARACTERIZED in that before the input of said nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or after the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide at least one optical isolator is installed.

151 . The method as set above in any of claims 117 - 130 , CHARACTERIZED in that said electrical current through the nonlinear-optical waveguide is carried in the direction perpendicular to the layers of said semiconductor layered MWQ-type structure.

152 . The method as set above in claim 151 , CHARACTERIZED in that constant electrical current from 0.5 mA to 10 mA is carried, thereto the current spread from an average value in time does not exceed 0.1 mA.

153 . The method as set above in claim 151 , CHARACTERIZED in that electrical current is carried through the nonlinear-optical waveguide in certain intervals of time.

154 . The method as set above in any of claims 117 - 130 , CHARACTERIZED in that dependences of powers on time of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves, separated after the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, are compared and their difference in powers is selected out by means of a correlator and/or differential amplifier.

155 . The method as set above in any of claims 132 , CHARACTERIZED in that pump optical radiation and signal optical radiation are selected with different wavelengths λ p and λ s , thereto wavelength λ r of exiton resonance of said semiconductor structure of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is installed by controlling of its temperature, and/or the wavelength λ p and/or λ s is installed so that absolute value of difference between wavelength λ s of the signal optical radiation and the wavelength λ r of the exiton resonance is less than absolute value of difference between wavelength λ p of the pump optical radiation and the wavelength of the exiton resonance: |λ s −λ r |&lt;|λ p −λ r |.

156 . The method as set above in any of claims 132 , CHARACTERIZED in that pump optical radiation and signal optical radiation are selected with different wavelengths λ p and λ s , thereto wavelength λ r of exiton resonance of said semiconductor structure of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is installed by controlling of its temperature, and/or the wavelength λ p and/or λ s is installed so that absolute value of difference between wavelength λ s of the signal optical radiation and the wavelength λ r of the exiton resonance is larger than absolute value of difference between wavelength λ p of the pump optical radiation and the wavelength of the exiton resonance: |λ s −λ r |&gt;|λ p −λ r |.

157 . The method as set above in claims 155 or 156 , CHARACTERIZED in that the wavelength of the laser and/or laser module radiation is installed by controlling temperature of the radiating semiconductor structure of the laser and/or laser module, and/or by squeezing or stretching of fiber-optic waveguide in which a refractive index periodical grating is made, and the said fiber-optic waveguide is comprised in the laser module and adjoined to the laser diode.

158 . The method as set above in any of claims 117 - 130 , CHARACTERIZED in that said nonlinear-optical waveguide is made as single-mode to both said signal and pump optical radiations.

159 . The method as set above in any of claims 117 - 130 , CHARACTERIZED in that said unidirectional distributively coupled waves having different polarizations are the unidirectional distributively coupled waves having mutually orthogonal polarizations.

160 . A device for switching, amplification, controlling and modulation of optical radiation, comprising nonlinear-optical waveguide, made on the basis of semiconductor layered MQW-type structure with alternating layers, containing at least two hetero-transitions, and said nonlinear-optical waveguide is made with possibility of propagation in it at least two unidirectional distributively coupled waves, thereto the device contains optical input/output elements for feeding of optical radiation into said nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or feeding of optical radiation out from said nonlinear-optical waveguide correspondingly, and a separator of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves for the separation of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves placed after output end of said nonlinear-optical waveguide,
CHARACTERIZED in that
said nonlinear-optical waveguide is made as cubic-nonlinear and/or quadratic-nonlinear,
said nonlinear-optical waveguide is supplied with electrical contacts for carrying an electrical current through said nonlinear-optical waveguide,
the wavelength λ r of one-photon exiton resonance and/or two-photon exiton resonance and/or band-gap resonance and/or half-band-gap resonance of said semiconductor layered MQW-type structure of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is selected from the conditions 0.5λ r ≦λ≦1.5λ r , where λ is the wavelength of at least one optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide,
thereto said optical input and/or output elements are mounted at the input and/or output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide,
said optical input/output elements are positioned and mounted relative to the said nonlinear-optical waveguide with precision, provided by their positioning by luminescent radiation of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, appeared when electrical current with value above the threshold current value is carried through said nonlinear-optical waveguide,
thereto the length of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is not less than the length, which is necessary for the switching and/or the transfer of at least 10% of power of one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves to other one from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves, and the length of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, which is necessary for the switching and/or the transfer of at least 10% of the power of the one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves to the other one from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves, does not exceed the length, at which the power of the most attenuated wave from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves is attenuated by a factor 20 or less,
thereto the nonlinear coefficient of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is larger than the threshold nonlinear coefficient.

161 . The device as set above in claim 160 , CHARACTERIZED in that the length of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is not less than the length, which is necessary for the switching and/or the transfer of at least 30% of power of one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves to other one from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves, and the length of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, which is necessary for the switching and/or the transfer of at least 30% of the power of the one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves to the other one from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves, does not exceed the length, at which the power of the most attenuated wave from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves is attenuated by a factor 10.

162 . The device as set above in claim 161 , CHARACTERIZED in that the length of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is not less than the length, which is necessary for the switching and/or the transfer of at least 50% of power of one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves to other one from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves, and the length of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, which is necessary for the switching and/or the transfer of at least 50% of the power of the one of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves to the other one from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves, does not exceed the length, at which the power of the most attenuated wave from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves is attenuated by a factor 10.

163 . The device as set above in claim 160 , CHARACTERIZED in that said nonlinear-optical waveguide is made as birefringent and/or optically active and/or magneto-active.

164 . The device as set above in claim 160 , CHARACTERIZED in that the semiconductor layered MQW-type structure is made in the form of alternating layers GaAs/Al x Ga 1−x As, or In x Ga 1−x As/InP, or In 1−x Ga x As y P 1−y /In 1−x′ Ga x′ As y′ P 1−y′ , where x≠x′ and/or y≠y′, or CdSe 1−x S x /CdSe or InAs 1−x Sb x /InAs, or PbS x Se 1−x /PbSe, or Ge x Si 1−x /Si.

165 . The device as set above in claim 160 , CHARACTERIZED in that said nonlinear-optical waveguide is made as single-mode for said optical radiation fed into said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

166 . The device as set above in claim 160 , CHARACTERIZED in that thereto the device contains at least one thermoelectric Peltier element and at least one sensor of temperature, thereto a side of said Peltier element is in thermal contact with said nonlinear-optical waveguide and with at least one sensor of temperature.

167 . The device as set above in claim 166 , CHARACTERIZED in that the sensor of temperature is made as a thermistor and/or a thermoelectric couple and/or a sensor in the form of an integrated scheme.

168 . The device as set above in claim 166 , CHARACTERIZED in that for heat rejection it contains radiator, which is in thermal contact with at least one thermoelectric Peltier element.

169 . The device as set above in claim 166 , CHARACTERIZED in that at least one said thermoelectric Peltier element and at least one said sensor of temperature are electrically connected to a controller and/or a stabilizer of the temperature.

170 . The device as set above in claim 160 , CHARACTERIZED in that input and/or output ends of the nonlinear-optical waveguide have antireflection coating(s).

171 . The device as set above in claim 170 , CHARACTERIZED in that antireflection coating decreases relative reflectivity at the input/output end up to value not more than 1%.

172 . The device as set above in claim 160 , CHARACTERIZED in that said input/output elements are made in the form of objectives.

173 . The device as set above in any of claims 172 , CHARACTERIZED in that said objectives comprise at least one cylindrical lens and/or at least one gradan.

174 . The device as set above in claim 173 , CHARACTERIZED in that the surfaces of the said cylindrical lens and/or said gradan have antireflection coating(s).

175 . The device as set above in any of claims 160 , CHARACTERIZED in that said input/output elements are made in the form of input and/or output optical waveguide.

176 . The method as set above in claim 175 , CHARACTERIZED in that at the output and/or input end of input and/or output optical waveguide a lens is made and/or a gradan is mounted.

177 . The device as set above in claim 176 , CHARACTERIZED in that said lens is made as parabolic and/or conic and/or cylindrical.

178 . The device as set above in claim 160 , CHARACTERIZED in that it provides with an electrical current source, electrically connected to the electrical contacts of said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

179 . The device as set above in claim 178 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical current source is a constant current source supplying the electrical current across the nonlinear-optical waveguide with values from 0.5 mA to 10 mA in operation of the device, thereto the current spread from an average value in time does not exceed 0.1 mA.

180 . The device as set above in claim 178 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical current source supplies with the threshold current value equals 20 mA and higher current values of said current across said nonlinear-optical waveguide, during said positioning and mounting of said input/output elements by said luminescent radiation of said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

181 . The device as set above in claim 178 , CHARACTERIZED in that said current source is supplied with fast switch.

182 . The device as set above in claim 160 , CHARACTERIZED in that said unidirectional distributively coupled waves are the waves of different polarizations.

183 . The device as set above in claim 182 , CHARACTERIZED in that said unidirectional distributively coupled waves of different polarizations are the waves of mutually orthogonal polarizations.

184 . The device as set above in claim 182 , CHARACTERIZED in that said separator of the unidirectional distributively coupled waves is made as separator of the waves of different polarizations.

185 . The device as set above in claim 184 , CHARACTERIZED in that said separator of the waves of different polarizations is made in the form of a polaroid or a polarizing prism, or a birefringent prism or a directional coupler, separating waves with different polarizations, or a polarizer based on an optical waveguide, or an optical isolator.

186 . The device as set above in claim 184 , CHARACTERIZED in that the nonlinear-optical waveguide as such operates as the separator of the waves of different polarizations.

187 . The device as set above in claim 160 , CHARACTERIZED in that said unidirectional distributively coupled waves are the waves of different wavelengths the distribution coupling of which is due to their quadratic-nonlinear interaction and quadratic-nonlinearity of the nonlinear-optical waveguide.

188 . The device as set above in claim 187 , CHARACTERIZED in that separator of the unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of the device is made as separator of the waves of different wavelengths.

189 . The device as set above in claim 188 , CHARACTERIZED in that said separator of the waves of different wavelengths is made as a dispersive element or a filter or a directional coupler.

190 . The device as set above in claim 160 , CHARACTERIZED in that said nonlinear-optical waveguide is made as waveguide having at least two waveguide modes for said optical radiation fed into said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

191 . The device as set above in claim 190 , CHARACTERIZED in that the separator is made as radiation beam diaphragm for separation of waves of different waveguide modes or waveguide separator of the modes.

192 . The device as set above in claim 160 , CHARACTERIZED in that before the input of said nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or after the output of the nonlinear-optical waveguide a phase compensator and/or polarization controller optically connected to said nonlinear-optical waveguide is mounted, thereto the optical connection is done through aforesaid input and/or output elements.

193 . The device as set above in claim 192 , CHARACTERIZED that said phase compensator and/or said polarization controller is made as an optical waveguide.

194 . The device as set above in claim 193 , CHARACTERIZED that said phase compensator and/or said polarization controller is made as a fiber-optic waveguide.

195 . The device as set above in claim 160 , CHARACTERIZED in that before the input of said nonlinear-optical waveguide an amplitude or phase or frequency or polarization modulator optically connected to said nonlinear-optical waveguide is mounted, thereto the optical connection is done through aforesaid input element.

196 . The device as set above in claim 160 , CHARACTERIZED in that before the input of the said nonlinear-optical waveguide at least one a polarizer is mounted.

197 . The device as set above in claim 196 , CHARACTERIZED in that the polarizer is made in the form of a polaroid or a polarizing prism, or a birefringent prism or a directional coupler, separating waves with different polarizations, or a polarizer based on an optical waveguide, or an optical isolator.

198 . The device as set above in claim 160 , CHARACTERIZED in that before the input of the nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or after its output at least one optical isolator optically connected to said nonlinear-optical waveguide is mounted, thereto the optical connection is done through at least one input and/or output element.

199 . The device as set above in claim 198 , CHARACTERIZED in that the optical isolator is made as a waveguide optical isolator or an air-path optical isolator.

200 . The device as set above in claim 160 , CHARACTERIZED in that said input/output elements are connected with nonlinear-optical waveguide by glue or by splice or by soldering or by welding or by tiny mechanical connector.

201 . The device as set above in claim 200 , CHARACTERIZED in that said optical input/output elements are mounted at the input/output ends of said nonlinear-optical waveguide so that said nonlinear-optical waveguide together with said optical input/output elements make up a nonlinear-optical module.

202 . The device as set above in any of claims 160 - 201 , CHARACTERIZED in that it additionally contains at least one semiconductor laser or laser module optically connected to the nonlinear-optical waveguide through at least one input element.

203 . The device as set above in claim 202 , CHARACTERIZED in that radiating semiconductor structure of said laser or laser module is additionally supplied with at least one thermoelectric Peltier element, a side of which is in thermal contact with the radiating semiconductor structure and with at least one sensor of the temperature, thereto at least one sensor of temperature and at least one thermoelectric Peltier element are electrically connected with controller and/or stabilizer of temperature.

204 . The device as set above in claim 202 , CHARACTERIZED in that said laser or laser module is supplied with precision current source for passing electrical current through its laser diode, thereto the current source is made as a controller and/or stabilizer of current through the laser diode.

205 . The device as set above in claim 204 , CHARACTERIZED in that said current source is made with possibility of modulation of current passing through the laser diode.

206 . The device as set above in claim 202 , CHARACTERIZED in that the semiconductor laser and/or laser module is used with spectrum-line width of radiation, which is not more than 20 Å.

207 . The device as set above in claim 202 , CHARACTERIZED in that the semiconductor laser and/or the laser module is made as single-mode.

208 . The device as set above in claim 206 , CHARACTERIZED in that the semiconductor laser and/or the laser module is made as single-frequency laser and/or the laser module.

209 . The device as set above in claim 206 , CHARACTERIZED in that the semiconductor laser and/or the laser module is made with an external resonator and/or includes a dispersive element.

210 . The device as set above in claim 209 , CHARACTERIZED in that the mirror of the external resonator of the semiconductor laser and/or the laser module, including the semiconductor laser and an optical waveguide, is made in the form of periodical grating of refractive index in the optical waveguide adjacent to the laser, or as corrugation on a surface of the optical waveguide adjacent to the laser.

211 . The device as set above in claim 202 , CHARACTERIZED in that the laser or laser module is mode locked.

212 . The device as set above in claim 202 , CHARACTERIZED in that the laser module is made as a fiber-optic source module.

213 . The device as set above in claim 202 , CHARACTERIZED in that said laser or laser module provides output optical radiation with constant power exceeding the threshold power, thereto the power spread in time does not exceed 1%.

214 . The device as set above in claim 213 , CHARACTERIZED in that between the input of said nonlinear-optical waveguide and the laser or laser module an amplitude or phase or frequency or polarization modulator is mounted, thereto the modulator is optically connected with input of said nonlinear-optical waveguide through said input element and with output of the laser or laser module.

215 . The device as set above in claim 202 , CHARACTERIZED in that thereto the semiconductor laser and/or laser module is mounted relative to the nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or to the nonlinear-optical module with precision, provided by their positioning by coincidence of the laser and/or laser module radiation beam and the nonlinear-optical module or nonlinear-optical waveguide luminescent radiation beam appeared when electrical current with value larger than threshold current value is carried across said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

216 . The device as set above in claim 215 , CHARACTERIZED in that said threshold current value is 20 mA.

217 . The device as set above in claim 202 , CHARACTERIZED in that thereto contains at least one semiconductor laser or laser module, thereto the semiconductor laser or laser module is mounted relative to the nonlinear-optical module and/or to the nonlinear-optical waveguide with precision, provided by their positioning by means of control of change of optical radiation power of said laser or laser module transmitted through the nonlinear-optical waveguide, under switching on and/or switching off the electrical current carried across the nonlinear-optical waveguide.

218 . The device as set above in claim 217 , CHARACTERIZED in that said current value lies in the range from 0.5 mA to 10 mA.

219 . The device as set above in claim 202 , CHARACTERIZED in that thereto it contains at least one semiconductor laser and/or laser module with modulated output radiation power, and average power not less than the threshold power.

220 . The device as set above in claim 202 , CHARACTERIZED in that the semiconductor laser or laser module, and said nonlinear-optical waveguide with said input/output elements, and/or a separator of the unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of the device, or a polarizer, installed at the input of the nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or optical isolator are connected by means of fiber-optic connectors and/or sockets.

221 . The device as set above in claim 220 , CHARACTERIZED in that fiber-optic connectors such as FC/PC are used.

222 . The device as set above in claim 220 , CHARACTERIZED in that the connection is made with opportunity to rotate said elements relative to each other around the longitudinal axis of the device.

223 . The device as set above in any of claims 160 - 201 , CHARACTERIZED in that it additionally contains a mixer of pump optical radiation and at least one signal optical radiation, mounted before the input of said nonlinear-optical waveguide and optically connected to the nonlinear-optical waveguide through at least one said input element.

224 . The device as set above in any of claims 160 - 201 , CHARACTERIZED in that it additionally contains a mixer of the pump optical radiation and at least one signal optical radiation, thereto the mixer is made as an optical Y-type waveguide mixer, or directional coupler, thereto the output branch of said mixer is aforesaid input waveguide, or is optically connected with aforesaid input optical waveguide, thereto said optical Y-type waveguide mixer contains at least two input branches.

225 . The device as set above in claim 224 , CHARACTERIZED in that at least part of at least one input branch of said optical Y-type waveguide mixer is made from of magneto-optic material and mount into a solenoid or is made as an electro-optic rotator of polarization plane.

226 . The device as set above in any of claims 160 - 201 , CHARACTERIZED in that said nonlinear-optical waveguide is oriented relative to the electrical field vector of linear or elliptically polarized optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide so that the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or the &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of the nonlinear-optical waveguide is directed at an angle of ν, 10°&lt;ν&lt;80° relative to the electrical field vector or to the axis of polarization ellipse of said optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide.

227 . The device as set above in claim 226 , CHARACTERIZED in that said nonlinear-optical waveguide is oriented relative to the electrical field vector of linear or elliptically polarized optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide so that the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or the &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of the nonlinear-optical waveguide is directed at the angle of 45° relative to the electrical field vector or to the axis of polarization ellipse of said optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide.

228 . The device as set above in any of claims 160 - 201 , CHARACTERIZED in that said nonlinear-optical waveguide is oriented relative to the electrical field vector of linear or elliptically polarized optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide so that the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or the &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of the nonlinear-optical waveguide is directed at an angle of ν, −15°&lt;ν&lt;15° relative to the electrical field vector or to the axis of polarization ellipse of said optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide.

229 . The device as set above in claim 228 , CHARACTERIZED in that said nonlinear-optical waveguide is oriented relative to the electrical field vector of linear or elliptically polarized optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide so that the &lt;&lt;fast&gt;&gt; and/or the &lt;&lt;slow&gt;&gt; axis of the nonlinear-optical waveguide coincides with the electrical field vector or with the axis of polarization ellipse of said optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide.

230 . The device as set above in any of claims 160 - 201 , CHARACTERIZED in that after said separator of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves a correlator and/or differential amplifier for treating said separated opposite-modulated waves is set.

231 . A method for switching, amplification, controlling and modulation of optical radiation, accomplished with using nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides at least one of which is made on the basis of semiconductor layered MQW-type structure with alternating layers, containing at least two hetero-transitions, comprising the feeding of coherent optical radiation with a power to be higher than the threshold power into at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, an interaction of unidirectional distributively coupled waves in the nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, and a separation of the unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, by feeding out of the said coupled waves from different tunnel-coupled optical waveguides and/or by a separator
CHARACTERIZED in that
cubic-nonlinear and/or quadratic-nonlinear-optical waveguides are used,
wavelength λ of the radiation is selected from the condition 0.5λ r ≦λ≦1.5λ r , where λ r is the wavelength of one-photon exiton resonance and/or two-photon exiton resonance and/or band-gap resonance and/or half-band-gap resonance of said semiconductor layered MQW-type structure of said nonlinear-optical waveguide,
electrical current is carried through at least one said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides,
length of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides is not less than the length, which is necessary for switching or transfer of at least 10% of a power from one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides to other one from said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, thereto the length of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, which is necessary for switching or transfer of at least 10% of a power from one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides to other one from said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, does not exceed the length, at which power of the most attenuated wave from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves is attenuated by a factor 20 or less,
before the input of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguide they vary the power or the polarization, or the wavelength of said optical radiation, or the angle of the feeding of said optical radiation into said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguide, or they vary the difference in the phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the input of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguide, and/or they vary the ratio between the powers of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the input of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, or they vary external electrical or magnetic field applied to said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguide.

232 . The method as set above in claim 231 , CHARACTERIZED in that a length of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides is not less than the length, which is necessary for switching or transfer of at least 50% of a power from one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides to other one from said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, thereto the length of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, which is necessary for switching or transfer of at least 50% of a power from one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides to other one from said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, does not exceed the length, at which power of the most attenuated wave from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves is attenuated by a factor 10.

233 . The method as set above in claim 231 , CHARACTERIZED in that average power of the optical radiation, fed into at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, is installed from the condition of obtaining a predetermined value of a differential gain and/or a ratio of powers of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides and/or a difference in phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of the nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides.

234 . The method as set above in claim 233 , CHARACTERIZED in that in a case of using cubic nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides the average power of optical radiation, fed into at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, is chosen in range from 0.25 P M up to 4P M , where P M is the critical power.

235 . The method as set above in claim 234 , CHARACTERIZED in that in a case of using cubic nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides an average power of optical radiation, fed into at least one of the nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, is chosen in interval from 0.5 P M up to 1.5 P M , where P M is a critical power.

240 . The method as set above in claim 233 , CHARACTERIZED in that in a case of using cubic nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides an average power of optical radiation, fed into at least one of the nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, is stabilized.

241 . The method as set above in claim 231 , CHARACTERIZED in that radiation, fed at least into one of the nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, is used in the form of pulses.

242 . The method as set above in claim 231 , CHARACTERIZED in that the pulses are solitons.

243 . The method as set above in claim 231 , CHARACTERIZED in that temperature of at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides is installed from the condition of obtaining a predetermined value of the threshold power, and/or the critical power, and/or the differential gain and/or the ratio between powers of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear tunnel-couppled optical waveguides and/or the difference in phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides and the temperature of at least one of said nonlinear-optical waveguides is stabilized.

244 . The method as set above in claim 243 , CHARACTERIZED in that temperature of at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides is controlled and/or stabilized by means of thermostat and/or at least one thermoelectric Peltier element, supplied with controller and/or stabilizer of the temperature.

245 . The method as set above in claim 231 , CHARACTERIZED in that at least one of ends of at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides has an antireflection coating.

246 . The method as set above in claim 231 , CHARACTERIZED in that wavelength λ of the optical radiation with variable parameter is selected from conditions 0.9λ r ≦λ≦1.1λ r .

247 . The method as set above in claim 231 , CHARACTERIZED in that said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides are made as birefringent and/or optically active.

248 . The method as set above in any of claims 231 - 247 , CHARACTERIZED in that said unidirectional distributively coupled waves are waves of different wavelengths, and/or of different polarizations, and/or of different waveguide modes and/or of waves in neighboring tunnel-coupled waveguides.

249 . The method as set above in claim 248 , CHARACTERIZED in that coherent optical radiation, fed into at least one of the nonlinear-optical waveguides, is used in the form of linear or elliptical or circular polarization optical radiation.

250 . The method as set above in any of claims 231 - 247 , CHARACTERIZED in that optical radiation, fed into at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, includes waves of two frequencies, differing by the value more than τ −1 , where τ is characteristic time of change of a parameter of the optical radiation.

251 . The method as set above in any of claims 231 - 247 , CHARACTERIZED in that by means of the separator of waves of different polarizations and/or different wavelengths and/or different waveguide modes are separated, or wave of at least one polarization and/or one of wavelength and/or one of waveguide mode is selected out.

252 . The method as set above in any of claims 231 - 247 , CHARACTERIZED in that as coherent optical radiation, fed into at least one of the nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, an optical radiation of a semiconductor laser and/or a laser module is used, thereto a temperature of radiating semiconductor structure of the laser and/or the laser module is controlled and/or stabilized.

253 . The method as set above in any of claims 231 - 247 , CHARACTERIZED in that before the feeding of radiation into at least one of the nonlinear-optical waveguide the radiation is focused by means of a cylindrical lens and/or a gradan and/or after the transmission of optical radiation through the nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides the optical radiation is collimated by means of a cylindrical lens and/or a gradan.

254 . The method as set above in any of claims 231 - 247 , CHARACTERIZED in that the feeding of the optical radiation into at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides and/or the feeding of the optical radiation out from at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides is done by means of input and/or output waveguide correspondingly.

255 . The method as set above in claim 254 , CHARACTERIZED in that at the output and/or input end of input and/or output waveguide a parabolic lens and/or a conic lens and/or a cylindrical lens is made and/or a gradan is mounted.

256 . The method as set above in claim 254 , CHARACTERIZED in that at least a part of said input waveguide is made from magneto-optic material and mounted into solenoid, through which variable electrical current, modulating a polarization of the optical radiation, is carried, or at least a part of the input waveguide is made as an electro-optical rotator of the polarization plane of the optical radiation.

257 . The method as set above in any of claims 231 - 247 , CHARACTERIZED in that electrical current is carried across the layers of said semiconductor layered MWQ-type structure.

258 . The method as set above in claim 257 , CHARACTERIZED in that constant electrical current from 0.5 mA to 10 mA is carried, thereto the current spread from an average value in time does not exceed 0.1 mA.

259 . The method as set above in claim 257 , CHARACTERIZED in that said electrical current is carried across said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides in predetermined intervals of time.

260 . The method as set above in any of claims 231 - 247 , CHARACTERIZED in that dependences of powers on time of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves, separated after the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, are compared and their difference in powers is selected out by means of a correlator and/or differential amplifier.

261 . The method as set above in any of claims 231 - 247 , CHARACTERIZED in that before the input of at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides and/or after the output of at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides at least one optical isolator is mounted.

262 . The method as set above in any of claims 231 - 247 , CHARACTERIZED in that said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides are made as single-moded for the optical radiation fed into said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides.

263 . A method for switching, amplification, controlling and modulation of optical radiation, accomplished with using nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides at least one of which is made on the basis of semiconductor layered MQW-type structure with alternating layers, containing at least two hetero-transitions, including a feeding coherent
pump optical radiation with a power exceeding the threshold power into at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides and a feeding at least one signal optical radiation into at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, an interaction of unidirectional distributively coupled waves in said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, and a separation of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of the said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides by feeding out of the said coupled waves from the different tunnel-coupled waveguides and/or by a separator
CHARACTERIZED in that
cubic-nonlinear and/or quadratic-nonlinear-optical waveguides are used,
a wavelength λ of the pump optical radiation and/or signal optical radiation is selected from the condition 0.5λ r ≦λ≦1.5λ r , where λ r is the wavelength of one-photon exiton resonance and/or two-photon exiton resonance and/or band-gap resonance and/or half-band-gap resonance of said semiconductor layered MQW-type structure of said nonlinear-optical waveguide,
electrical current is carried across at least one the nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides,
a length of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides is not less than the length, which is necessary for switching or transfer of at least 10% of power from one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides to other one from said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, thereto the length of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, which is necessary for the switching or transfer of at least 10% of the power from one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides to other one from said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, does not exceed the length, at which the power of the most attenuated wave from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves is attenuated by a factor 20 or less,
before the input of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides they vary the power or the phase, or the polarization, or the wavelength of said signal optical radiation, or the angle of the feeding of said signal optical radiation into said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, and/or they vary the difference in the phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the input of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, and/or they vary the ratio between the powers of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the input of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, or they change the difference in the phases of said signal optical radiation and said pump optical radiation.

264 . The method as set above in claim 263 , CHARACTERIZED in that a length of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides is not less than the length, which is necessary for switching or transfer of at least 50% of power from one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides to other one from said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, thereto the length of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, which is necessary for the switching or transfer of at least 50% of the power from one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides to other one from said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, does not exceed the length, at which the power of the most attenuated wave from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves is attenuated by a factor 10.

265 . The method as set above in claim 263 , CHARACTERIZED in that a power of the pump optical radiation, fed into at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, is installed from the condition of obtaining a predetermined value of a differential gain and/or a ratio between the powers of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides and/or a difference in phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides.

266 . The method as set above in claim 265 , CHARACTERIZED in that a power of fed pump optical radiation is chosen in interval from 0.25 P M up to 4P M , where P M is the critical power.

267 . The method as set above in claim 266 , CHARACTERIZED in that a power of fed pump optical radiation is chosen in interval from 0.5P M up to 1.5P M , where P M is the critical power.

268 . The method as set above in claim 265 , CHARACTERIZED in that pump optical radiation power is larger than signal optical radiation power at least by the order of magnitude.

269 . The method as set above in claim 263 , CHARACTERIZED in that a power of the pump optical radiation and a power of signal optical radiation are differed from their geometric average value not larger than by the order of magnitude.

270 . The method as set above in claim 263 , CHARACTERIZED in that pump optical radiation power is stabilized.

271 . The method as set above in claim 263 , CHARACTERIZED in that the pump optical radiation is used in the form of pulses and/or the signal optical radiation is used in the form of pulses.

272 . The method as set above in claim 271 , CHARACTERIZED in that the pulses are solitons.

273 . The method as set above in claim 263 , CHARACTERIZED in that the temperature of at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguide is installed from the condition of obtaining a predetermined value of the threshold power, and/or the critical power, and/or the differential gain and/or the ratio between powers of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of the nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides and/or the difference in phases of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves at the output of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides and the temperature of at least one of the nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides is stabilized.

274 . The method as set above in claim 273 , CHARACTERIZED in that temperature of the nonlinear-optical waveguides is controlled and/or stabilized by means of a thermostat and/or at least one thermoelectric Peltier element, supplied with a controller and/or stabilizer of the temperature.

275 . The method as set above in claim 263 , CHARACTERIZED in that at least one of ends of at least one of the nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides has antireflected coating.

276 . The method as set above in claim 263 , CHARACTERIZED in that the wavelength λ of said pump optical radiation and/or said signal optical radiation is selected from the conditions 0.9λ r ≦λ≦1.1λ r .

277 . The method as set above in claim 263 , CHARACTERIZED in that said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides are made as birefringent and/or optically active.

278 . The method as set above in any of claims 263 - 277 , CHARACTERIZED in that said unidirectional distributively coupled waves are waves of different wavelengths, and/or different polarizations, and/or different waveguide modes.

279 . The method as set above in any of claims 263 - 277 , CHARACTERIZED in that said signal optical radiation and pump optical radiation, fed into at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, have center carrier frequencies, differing from each other by the value more than τ −1 , where τ is characteristic time of change of a parameter of the signal optical radiation, thereto at the output of the nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides the waves of different frequencies are separated or at least one of them is separated out by the separator.

280 . The method as set above in any of claims 263 - 277 , CHARACTERIZED in that said signal optical radiation and said pump optical radiation, fed into at least one of the nonlinear-optical waveguides, contains waves of at least two polarizations or two wavelengths or two waveguide modes.

281 . The method as set above in any of claims 263 - 277 , CHARACTERIZED in that signal optical radiation and pump optical radiation, fed into at least one of the nonlinear-optical waveguides, have the same polarization and/or the same wavelength and/or the same waveguide modes.

282 . The method as set above in any of claims 263 - 277 , CHARACTERIZED in that the waves of different polarizations and/or different wavelengths and/or different waveguide modes are separated or wave at least one of polarizations and/or one of wavelengths and/or one of waveguide modes is selected out by means of the separator.

283 . The method as set above in any of claims 263 - 277 , CHARACTERIZED in that pump optical radiation and signal optical radiation with the same polarization and/or the same wavelength are used.

284 . The method as set above in claim 263 , CHARACTERIZED in that pump optical radiation and signal optical radiation are used with the same or opposite circular polarizations, thereto at the output of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides the waves of different polarizations are separated or at least one of them is separated out by the separator.

285 . The method as set above in claim 263 , CHARACTERIZED in that pump optical radiation and signal optical radiation are used with the same or different linear or elliptical polarization, thereto after the output of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides the waves of different polarizations are separated or at least one of them is separated out by the separator.

286 . The method as set above in claim 285 , CHARACTERIZED in that pump optical radiation and signal optical radiation are used with linear or elliptical mutually orthogonal to one another polarizations.

287 . The method as set above in any of claims 263 - 277 , CHARACTERIZED in that in the quality of the pump optical radiation and/or the signal optical radiation an optical radiation of a semiconductor laser and/or a laser module is used, thereto a temperature of radiating semiconductor structure of the laser and/or the laser module is controlled and/or stabilized.

288 . The method as set above in any of claims 263 - 277 , CHARACTERIZED in that before the feeding of said optical radiations into at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides the optical radiations are focused by means of a cylindrical lens and/or a gradan and/or after transmission of the optical radiations through said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides the optical radiations are collimated by means of a cylindrical lens and/or a gradan.

289 . The method as set above in any of claims 263 - 277 , CHARACTERIZED in that the feeding said optical radiations into at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides and/or the feeding the optical radiations out from said nonlinear-optical waveguides is done by means of at least one input and/or at least one output optical waveguide correspondingly.

290 . The method as set above in claim 289 , CHARACTERIZED in that at least at one of input and/or output ends of input and/or output optical waveguides a parabolic lens and/or conic lens and/or cylindrical lens is made and/or a gradan is mounted.

291 . The method as set above in claim 289 , CHARACTERIZED in that at least part of at least one said input waveguide is made from magneto-optic material and mounted into a solenoid, through which alternating electrical current, modulating polarization of said signal optical radiation, is carried, or at least part of said input waveguide is made as an electro-optic rotator of polarization plane of the signal optical radiation.

292 . The method as set above in any of claims 263 - 277 , CHARACTERIZED in that said electrical current is carried in the direction perpendicular to the layers of said semiconductor layered MWQ-type structure.

293 . The method as set above in claim 292 , CHARACTERIZED in that constant electrical current from 0.5 mA to 10 mA is carried, thereto the current spread from an average value in time does not exceed 0.1 mA.

294 . The method as set above in claim 292 , CHARACTERIZED in that electrical current is carried through the nonlinear-optical waveguide in certain intervals of time.

295 . The method as set above in any of claims 263 - 277 , CHARACTERIZED in that dependences of powers on time of said unidirectional distributively coupled waves, separated after the output of said nonlinear-optical waveguide, are compared and their difference in powers is selected out by means of a correlator and/or differential amplifier.

296 . The method as set above in any of claims 263 - 277 , CHARACTERIZED in that before the input of at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides and/or after the output of at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides at least one optical isolator is mounted.

297 . The method as set above in any of claims 263 - 277 , CHARACTERIZED in that pump optical radiation and signal optical radiation are selected with different wavelengths λ p and λ s , thereto wavelength λ r of exiton resonance of said semiconductor structure of said nonlinear-optical waveguide is installed by controlling of its temperature, and/or the wavelength λ p and/or λ s is installed so that absolute value of difference between wavelength λ s of the signal optical radiation and the wavelength λ r of the exiton resonance is less than absolute value of difference between wavelength λ p of the pump optical radiation and the wavelength of the exiton resonance: |λ s −λ r |&lt;|λ p −λ r |.

298 . The method as set above in any of claims 263 - 277 , CHARACTERIZED in that pump optical radiation and signal optical radiation are selected with different wavelengths λ p and λ s , thereto wavelength λ r of exiton resonance of said semiconductor structure of said nonlinear-optical waveguides is installed by controlling of its temperature, and/or the wavelength λ p and/or λ s is installed so that absolute value of difference between wavelength λ s of the signal optical radiation and the wavelength λ r of the exiton resonance is larger than absolute value of difference between wavelength λ p of the pump optical radiation and the wavelength of the exiton resonance: |λ s −λ r |&gt;|λ p −λ r |.

299 . The method as set above in claim 287 , CHARACTERIZED in that the wavelength of the laser and/or laser module optical radiation is installed by controlling temperature of the radiating semiconductor structure of the laser and/or laser module and/or by squeezing or stretching of a fiber-optic waveguide in which a refractive index periodical grating is made, and the said fiber-optic waveguide is comprised in the laser module and adjoined to the laser.

300 . A device for switching, amplification, controlling and modulation of optical radiation, comprising nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, at least one of which is made on the basis of semiconductor layered MQW-type structure with alternating layers, containing at least two hetero-transitions, thereto the device contains optical input/output elements for feeding of optical radiation into said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides and/or feeding of optical radiation out from said nonlinear-optical waveguide correspondingly,
CHARACTERIZED in that
the nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides are made as cubic-nonlinear and/or quadratic-nonlinear,
at least one nonlinear-optical waveguide is supplied with electrical contacts for carrying of an electrical current through it,
the wavelength λ r of one-photon exiton resonance and/or two-photon exiton resonance and/or band-gap resonance and/or half-band-gap resonance in said semiconductor MQW-type structure of at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides is satisfied the inequalities 0.5λ r ≦λ≦1.5λ r , where λ is wavelength of at least one optical radiation fed into the nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides,
thereto said optical input and/or output elements are mounted at the input and/or output of at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides,
said optical input/output elements are positioned and mounted relative to said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides with precision, provided by their positioning and mounting by luminescent radiation of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides appeared when electrical current with value above the threshold current value is carried through at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides,
thereto a length of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides is not less than the length, which is necessary for switching or transfer of at least 10% of a power from one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides to other one from said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, thereto the length of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled-optical waveguides, which is necessary for switching or transfer of at least 10% of a power from one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides to other one from said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, does not exceed the length, at which power of the most attenuated wave from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves is attenuated by a factor 20 or less,
thereto the nonlinear coefficient of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides is larger than the threshold nonlinear coefficient.

301 . The device as set above in claim 300 , CHARACTERIZED in that thereto the device contains at least one thermoelectric Peltier element and at least one sensor of temperature, thereto a side of said Peltier element is in thermal contact with at least one nonlinear-optical waveguide and with at least one sensor of temperature.

302 . The device as set above in claim 301 , CHARACTERIZED in that the sensor of temperature is made as a thermistor and/or a thermoelectric couple and/or a sensor in the form of an integrated scheme.

303 . The device as set above in claim 301 , CHARACTERIZED in that for heat rejection it contains a radiator, which is in thermal contact with at least one thermoelectric Peltier element.

304 . The device as set above in claim 301 , CHARACTERIZED in that at least one said thermoelectric Peltier element and at least one said sensor of temperature are electrically connected to a controller and/or a stabilizer of the temperature.

305 . The device as set above in claim 300 , CHARACTERIZED in that a length of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides is not less than the length, which is necessary for switching or transfer of at least 50% of a power from one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides to other one from said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, thereto the length of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, which is necessary for switching or transfer of at least 50% of a power from one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides to other one from said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, does not exceed the length, at which power of the most attenuated wave from said unidirectional distributively coupled waves is attenuated by a factor 10.

306 . The device as set above in claim 300 , CHARACTERIZED in that it provides with an electrical current source, electrically connected to the electrical contacts of said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

307 . The device as set above in claim 306 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical current source is a constant current source supplying the electrical current across the nonlinear-optical waveguide with values from 0.5 mA to 10 mA in operation of the device, thereto the current spread from an average value in time does not exceed 0.1 mA.

308 . The device as set above in claim 306 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical current source supplies with the threshold current value equals 20 mA and higher current values of said current across at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides, during said positioning and mounting of said input/output elements by said luminescent radiation of said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

309 . The device as set above in claim 306 , CHARACTERIZED in that said current source is supplied with a fast switch.

310 . The device as set above in claim 306 , CHARACTERIZED in that said current source is made as a controller and/or stabilizer of the current.

311 . The device as set above in any of claims 300 , CHARACTERIZED in that said nonlinear-optical waveguides are made as single-mode for said optical radiation fed into at least one of said nonlinear-optical waveguides.

312 . The device as set above in claim 300 , CHARACTERIZED in that the semiconductor layered MQW-type structure of at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides is made in the form of alternating layers GaAs/Al x Ga 1−x As, or In x Ga 1−x As/InP, or In 1−x Ga x As y P 1−y /In 1−x′ Ga x′ As y′ P 1−y′ , where x≠x′ and/or y≠y′, or CdSe 1−x S x /CdSe or InAs 1−x Sb x /InAs, or PbS x Se 1−x /PbSe, or Ge x Si 1−x /Si.

313 . The device as set above in claim 300 , CHARACTERIZED in that both nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides are made on the basis of the same semiconductor layered MQW-type structure with alternating layers.

314 . The device as set above in claim 300 , CHARACTERIZED in that input and/or output ends of at least one of said nonlinear-optical waveguides have antireflection coating(s).

315 . The device as set above in claim 314 , CHARACTERIZED in that antireflection coating is made as a coating decreasing a relative reflectivity at the input/output end up to value not more than 1%.

316 . The device as set above in claim 300 , CHARACTERIZED in that said input/output elements are made in the form of objectives.

317 . The device as set above in claim 316 , CHARACTERIZED in that said objectives comprise at least one cylindrical lens and/or at least one gradan.

318 . The device as set above in claim 317 , CHARACTERIZED in that the surfaces of the said cylindrical lens and/or said gradan have antireflection coating(s).

319 . The device as set above in claim 300 , CHARACTERIZED in that said input/output elements are made in the form of input/output waveguides.

320 . The method as set above in claim 319 , CHARACTERIZED in that at the output and/or input end of input and/or output waveguide a lens is made and/or a gradan is mounted.

321 . The device as set above in claim 320 , CHARACTERIZED in that said lens is made as parabolic and/or conic and/or cylindrical.

322 . The device as set above in claim 300 , CHARACTERIZED in that input/output elements are connected with at least one of said nonlinear-optical waveguides by splice, or by glue, or by welding or by mechanical connectors.

323 . The device as set above in claim 322 , CHARACTERIZED in that said optical input/output elements are mounted at the input/output ends of at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides so that said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides together with said optical input/output elements make up a nonlinear-optical module.

324 . The device as set above in claim 300 , CHARACTERIZED in that before the input of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides and/or after the output of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides at least one phase compensator and/or polarization controller optically connected to at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides is mounted, thereto the optical connection is done with input and/or output elements.

325 . The device as set above in claim 324 , CHARACTERIZED that said phase compensator and/or said polarization controller is made as an optical waveguide.

326 . The device as set above in claim 325 , CHARACTERIZED that said phase compensator and/or said polarization controller is made as a fiber-optic waveguide.

327 . The device as set above in claim 300 , CHARACTERIZED in that before the input of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides an amplitude or phase or frequency or polarization modulator optically connected to at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides is mounted, thereto the optical connection is done through at least one input element.

328 . The device as set above in claim 327 , CHARACTERIZED in that the modulator is made on the basis of an optical waveguide.

329 . The device as set above in claim 300 , CHARACTERIZED in that before the input of the said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides at least one polarizer optically connected to at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides is mounted, thereto the optical connection is done with at least one input element.

330 . The device as set above in claim 329 , CHARACTERIZED in that the polarizer is made in the form of a polaroid or a polarizing prism, or a birefringent prism or a directional coupler, separating waves with different polarizations, or a polarizer based on an optical waveguide, or an optical isolator.

331 . The device as set above in claim 300 , CHARACTERIZED in that before the input of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides and/or after output of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides at least one optical isolator optically connected to at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides is mounted, thereto the optical connection is done with at least one input and/or output element.

332 . The device as set above in claim 331 , CHARACTERIZED in that the optical isolator is made as a waveguide optical isolator or an air-path optical isolator.

333 . The device as set above in claim 300 , CHARACTERIZED in that it additionally contains a mixer of pump optical radiation and at least one signal optical radiation, mounted before the input of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides and optically connected to at least one of nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides through at least one said input element.

334 . The device as set above in claim 319 , CHARACTERIZED in that it additionally contains a mixer of the pump optical radiation and at least one signal optical radiation, thereto the mixer is made as an optical Y-type waveguide mixer, or a directional coupler, thereto the output branch of said mixer is aforesaid input waveguide, or is optically connected with aforesaid input waveguide, thereto said optical Y-type waveguide mixer contains at least two input branches.

335 . The device as set above in claim 300 , CHARACTERIZED in that it additionally contains a separator of waves having different wavelengths, optically connected with output of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides through said output waveguide and made as a dispersive element or a filter or a directional coupler and mounted after the output of said nonlinear tunnel coupled optical waveguides.

336 . The device as set above in claim 300 , CHARACTERIZED in that it additionally contains a separator of waves having different polarizations, optically connected with output of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides through said output waveguide and made as a polaroid or a polarizing prism, or a birefringent prism or a directional coupler, separating waves of different polarizations, or a polarizer based on an optical waveguide.

337 . The device as set above in claim 300 , CHARACTERIZED in that said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides are made as birefringent.

338 . The device as set above in any of claims 300 - 337 , CHARACTERIZED in that at least two of said optical elements are optically connected by optical fiber connectors or sockets.

339 . The device as set above in claim 338 , CHARACTERIZED in that fiber-optic connectors such as FC/PC are used.

340 . The device as set above in any of claims 300 - 337 , CHARACTERIZED in that it additionally contains at least one semiconductor laser or laser module optically connected to at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides through at least one input element.

341 . The device as set above in claim 339 , CHARACTERIZED in that radiating semiconductor structure of said laser or laser module is additionally supplied with at least one thermoelectric Peltier element, a side of which is in thermal contact with the radiating semiconductor structure and with at least one sensor of the temperature, thereto at least one sensor of temperature and at least one thermoelectric Peltier element are electrically connected with controller and/or stabilizer of temperature.

342 . The device as set above in claim 340 , CHARACTERIZED in that said laser or laser module is supplied with precision current source for passing electrical current through laser diode, thereto the current source is made as a controller and/or stabilizer of current through the laser diode.

343 . The device as set above in claim 342 , CHARACTERIZED in that said current source is made with possibility of modulation of current passing through the laser diode.

344 . The device as set above in claim 340 , CHARACTERIZED in that the semiconductor laser and/or laser module is used with spectrum-line width of radiation, which is not more than 20 Å.

345 . The device as set above in claim 340 , CHARACTERIZED in that the semiconductor laser and/or the laser module is made as single-mode.

346 . The device as set above in claim 344 , CHARACTERIZED in that the semiconductor laser or the laser module is made as a single-frequency laser or the laser module.

347 . The device as set above in claim 344 , CHARACTERIZED in that the semiconductor laser and/or the laser module is made with an external resonator and/or includes a dispersive element.

348 . The device as set above in claim 347 , CHARACTERIZED in that at least one mirror of the external resonator is made as a periodical grating, representing a partially or fully reflecting Bragg reflector.

349 . The device as set above in claim 348 , CHARACTERIZED in that the mirror of the external resonator of the semiconductor laser and/or the laser module, including the semiconductor laser and an optical waveguide, is made in the form of periodical grating of refractive index in the optical waveguide adjacent to the laser, or as corrugation on a surface of the optical waveguide adjacent to the laser.

350 . The device as set above in claim 340 , CHARACTERIZED in that the laser or laser module is mode locked.

351 . The device as set above in claim 340 , CHARACTERIZED in that the laser module is made as a fiber-optic source module.

352 . The device as set above in claim 340 , CHARACTERIZED in that said laser or laser module provides output optical radiation with constant power exceeding the value 0.5P M , where P M is the critical power, thereto the power value spread in time does not exceed 1%, thereto the optical radiation of said laser or laser module is used as the pump optical radiation, or optical radiation intended to be modulated.

353 . The device as set above in claim 352 , CHARACTERIZED in that between the input of at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides and the laser or laser module an amplitude or phase or frequency or polarization modulator is mounted, thereto the modulator is optically connected with input of at least one of said nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides through said input element and with output of the laser or laser module.

354 . The device as set above in claim 340 , CHARACTERIZED in that thereto the semiconductor laser and/or laser module is mounted relative to the nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or to the nonlinear-optical module with precision, provided by their positioning by coincidence of the laser and/or laser module radiation beam and the nonlinear-optical module or nonlinear-optical waveguide luminescent radiation beam appeared when electrical current with value larger than threshold current value is carried across said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

355 . The device as set above in claim 354 , CHARACTERIZED in that said threshold current value is 20 mA.

356 . The device as set above in claim 340 , CHARACTERIZED in that thereto contains at least one semiconductor laser and/or laser module, thereto the semiconductor laser and/or laser module is mounted relative to the nonlinear-optical module and/or to the nonlinear-optical waveguide with precision, provided by their positioning by means of control of change of optical radiation power of said laser and/or laser module transmitted through the nonlinear-optical waveguide, under switching on and/or switching off the electrical current carried across the nonlinear-optical waveguide.

357 . The device as set above in claim 356 , CHARACTERIZED in that said current value lies in the range from 0.5 mA to 10 mA.

358 . The device as set above in claim 340 , CHARACTERIZED in that thereto it contains at least one semiconductor laser and/or laser module with modulated output radiation power, and average power being in the range from 0.5P M up to 4P M , where P M is the critical power.

359 . The device as set above in claim 340 , CHARACTERIZED in that the semiconductor laser and/or laser module, and/or said nonlinear-optical waveguide with said input/output elements, and/or optical isolator are connected by means of fiber-optic connectors and/or sockets.

360 . The device as set above in claim 221 , CHARACTERIZED in that fiber-optic connectors such as FC/PC are used.

361 . The device as set above in any of claims 300 - 337 , CHARACTERIZED in that after the output of the nonlinear tunnel-coupled optical waveguides a correlator of optical radiations is installed.

362 . The device as set above in any of claims 300 - 337 , CHARACTERIZED in that it additionally contains at least one following device, similar to the first one, thereto at least one input element of each following device is optically connected with at least one output element of the previous device.

363 . The device as set above in claim 300 - 337 , CHARACTERIZED in that it comprises the aforesaid devices set one after another, thereto the input/output elements of the set one after another devices are made as the united optical waveguide(s).

364 . A method for switching, amplification, controlling and modulation of optical radiation, accomplished with using at least one nonlinear-optical waveguide, made on the based of semiconductor layered MQW-type structure with alternating layers, containing at least two heterotransitions, thereto nonlinear-optical waveguide is made with possibility of propagation in it at least two opposite-directional coupled waves, including a feeding of at least one coherent optical radiation with a power to be higher than the threshold value into the nonlinear-optical waveguide, a switching of power between opposite-directional coupled waves at input and output ends of the nonlinear-optical waveguide or waveguides under changing at least one of the parameters of the radiation at the input,
CHARACTERIZED in that
optical radiation with at least one variable parameter, or optical pump radiation with power larger than threshold power and at least one signal optical radiation with at least one variable parameter are fed,
cubic-nonlinear and/or quadratic-nonlinear-optical waveguide(s) is/are used,
electrical current is carried through the nonlinear-optical waveguide(s),
a wavelength λ of the optical radiation is selected from the conditions 0.5λ r ≦λ≦1.5λ r , where λ r is the wavelength of one-photon exiton resonance and/or two-photon exiton resonance and/or band-gap resonance and/or half-band-gap resonance of said semiconductor layered MQW-type structure of said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s),
they vary the power or phase, or polarization or wavelength or angle of the feeding of the fed optical radiation is changed, or they vary an external electrical or a magnetic field applied to the nonlinear-optical waveguide(s).

365 . The method as set above in claim 364 , CHARACTERIZED in that an average power of the optical radiation, or power of the pump optical radiation, fed into said nonlinear-optical waveguide, is installed from the condition of obtaining a predetermined differential gain and/or ratio between powers of coupled waves at the output and input ends of said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s).

366 . The method as set above in claim 364 , CHARACTERIZED in that an average of power optical radiation with variable parameter or power of pump optical radiation, fed into said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s), is stabilized.

367 . The method as set above in claim 364 , CHARACTERIZED in that said optical radiation with at least one variable parameter, or said pump optical radiation and/or said signal optical radiation, fed into said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s), is used in the form of pulses.

368 . The method as set above in claim 367 , CHARACTERIZED in that the pulses are solitons.

369 . The method as set above in claim 364 , CHARACTERIZED in that temperature of at least one nonlinear-optical waveguide is installed from the condition of obtaining a predetermined value of a threshold power, and/or a differential gain and/or a ratio of powers of opposite-directional coupled waves at the output and input ends of the nonlinear-optical waveguide or nonlinear-optical waveguides and the temperature of the nonlinear-optical waveguide(s) is stabilized.

370 . The method as set above in claim 369 , CHARACTERIZED in that the temperature is installed and/or stabilized by means at least one thermoelectric Peltier element or a thermostat.

371 . The method as set above in claim 364 , CHARACTERIZED in that wavelength of the optical radiation with variable parameter or pump optical radiation and/or signal optical radiation is selected from the conditions 0.9λ r ≦λ≦1.1λ r .

372 . The device as set above in any of claims 364 - 371 , CHARACTERIZED in that switching of power between coupled waves of different frequencies and/or different directions is fulfilled.

373 . The device as set above in any of claims 364 - 371 , CHARACTERIZED in that electrical current is carried in the direction perpendicular to the layers of said semiconductor layered MWQ-type structure.

374 . The method as set above in claim 373 , CHARACTERIZED in that constant electrical current with values from 0.5 mA to 10 mA is carried, thereto the current spread from an average value in time does not exceed 0.1 mA.

375 . The method as set above in claim 364 , CHARACTERIZED in that electrical current is carried through the nonlinear-optical waveguide in predetermined intervals of time.

376 . The method as set above in any of claims 364 - 371 , CHARACTERIZED in that at the input of the nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or at its output at least one optical isolator is mounted.

377 . The method as set above in any of claims 364 - 371 , CHARACTERIZED in that in the quality of optical radiation with variable parameter and/or pump optical radiation and/or signal optical radiation an optical radiation of a semiconductor laser and/or laser module is used, thereto a temperature of radiating semiconductor structure of the laser and/or laser module is controlled and/or stabilized.

378 . The method as set above in claim 364 , CHARACTERIZED in that pump optical radiation and signal optical radiation are selected with different wavelengths λ p and λ s , thereto wavelength of exiton resonance λ r of said semiconductor structure of said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s) is installed by controlling of its temperature, and/or the wavelength λ p and/or λ s is installed so that absolute value of difference between wavelength λ s of the signal optical radiation and the wavelength λ r of the exiton resonance is less than absolute value of difference between wavelength λ p of the pump optical radiation and the wavelength of the exiton resonance: |λ s −λ r |&lt;|λ p −λ r |.

379 . The method as set above in claim 364 , CHARACTERIZED in that pump optical radiation and signal optical radiation are selected with different wavelengths λ p and λ s , thereto wavelength of exiton resonance λ r of said semiconductor structure of said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s) is installed by controlling of its temperature, and/or the wavelength λ p and/or λ s , is installed so that absolute value of difference between wavelength λ s of the signal optical radiation and the wavelength λ r of the exiton resonance is larger than absolute value of difference between wavelength λ p of the pump optical radiation and the wavelength of the exiton resonance: |λ s −λ r |&gt;|λ p −λ r |.

380 . The method as set above in claim 377 , CHARACTERIZED in that the wavelength of the laser and/or laser module radiation is installed by controlling temperature of the radiating semiconductor structure of the laser and/or laser module and/or by squeezing or stretching of fiber-optic waveguide in which a refractive index periodical grating is made, and the said fiber-optic waveguide is comprised in the laser module and adjoined the laser.

381 . The method as set above in any of claims 364 - 371 , CHARACTERIZED in that before the feeding of optical radiation into at least one said nonlinear-optical waveguide the optical radiation is focused by means of a cylindrical lens and/or a gradan and/or after transmission of the optical radiation through the nonlinear-optical waveguide(s) the radiation is collimated by means of a cylindrical lens and/or a gradan.

382 . The method as set above in any of claims 364 - 371 , CHARACTERIZED in that the feeding of the optical radiation into at least one nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or the feeding of the optical radiation out from at least one said nonlinear-optical waveguide is done by means of input and/or output waveguide correspondingly.

383 . The method as set above in claim 382 , CHARACTERIZED in that at the output and/or input end of the input and/or output waveguide a parabolic lens and/or a conic lens and/or a cylindrical lens is made and/or a gradan is mounted.

384 . A device for switching, amplification, controlling and modulation of optical radiation, containing at least one nonlinear-optical waveguide, made on the base of semiconductor layered MQW-type structure with alternating layers, containing at least two hetero-transitions, and nonlinear-optical waveguide is made with possibility of propagation in it at least two opposite-directional coupled waves, thereto the device contains optical input/output elements for feeding of optical radiation into said nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or feeding of optical radiation out from said nonlinear-optical waveguide correspondingly,
CHARACTERIZED in that
nonlinear-optical waveguide is made as cubic-nonlinear and/or quadratic-nonlinear,
at least one nonlinear-optical waveguide is supplied with electrical contacts for carrying of an electrical current through it,
the wavelength λ r of one-photon exiton resonance and/or two-photon exiton resonance and/or band-gap resonance and/or half-band-gap resonance of said semiconductor layered MQW-type structure of said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s) is satisfied to the inequalities 0.5λ r ≦λ≦1.5λ r , where λ is a wavelength of at least one optical radiation fed into the nonlinear-optical waveguide(s),
thereto said optical input and/or output elements are mounted at the input and/or output of at least one of said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s),
said optical input/output elements are positioned and mounted relative to said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s) with precision, provided by their positioning and mounting by luminescent radiation of said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s) appeared when electrical current with value above the threshold current value is carried through said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s),
thereto the nonlinear coefficient of said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s) is larger than the threshold nonlinear coefficient,
thereto the device contains at least one thermoelectric Peltier element and at least one sensor of temperature, a side of which is in thermal contact with the nonlinear-optical waveguide and with at least one sensor of temperature.

385 . The device as set above in claim 384 , CHARACTERIZED in that the semiconductor laminar MQW structure is made in the form of alternating layers GaAs/Al x Ga 1−x As, or In x Ga 1−x As/InP, or In 1−x Ga x As y P 1−y /In 1−x′ Ga x′ As y′ P 1−y′ , where x≠x′ and/or y≠y′, or CdSe 1−x S x /CdSe or InAs 1−x Sb x /InAs, or PbS x Se 1−x /PbSe, or Ge x Si 1−x /Si.

386 . The device as set above in claim 384 , CHARACTERIZED in that said sensor of temperature is made as a thermistor and/or a thermoelectric couple and or a sensor in the form of an integrated scheme.

387 . The device as set above in claim 384 , CHARACTERIZED in that at least one sensor of temperature and at least one thermoelectric Peltier element are electrically connected to a temperature controller and/or temperature stabilizer.

388 . The device as set above in claim 384 , CHARACTERIZED in that for heat rejection it contains radiator, which is in thermal contact with at least one thermoelectric Peltier element.

389 . The device as set above in claim 384 , CHARACTERIZED in that it additionally contains an electrical current source, electrically connected with the electrical contacts of said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s), for carrying electrical current through said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s).

390 . The device as set above in claim 389 , CHARACTERIZED in that electrical current is carried in the direction of perpendicular to the layers of semiconductor MWQ structure.

391 . The device as set above in claim 389 , CHARACTERIZED in that electrical current source is a constant current source supplying the electrical current across the nonlinear-optical waveguide in operation with values from 0.5 mA to 10 mA, thereto the current spread from an average value in time does not exceed 0.1 mA.

392 . The device as set above in claim 389 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical current source supplies with the threshold current value equals 20 mA and higher current values of said current across said nonlinear-optical waveguide, during said positioning and mounting of said input/output elements by said luminescent radiation of said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

393 . The device as set above in any of claims 384 - 392 , CHARACTERIZED in that the electrical contacts for carrying of current across the nonlinear-optical waveguide are electrically connected with controller and/or stabilizer of the current and/or precision current source.

394 . The device as set above in any of claims 384 - 392 , CHARACTERIZED in that it thereto contains at least one semiconductor laser or laser module as pump optical radiation source, a power of which is not less than threshold power, and/or a semiconductor laser or laser module with modulated output power, thereto the semiconductor laser or laser module is mounted relative to the nonlinear-optical waveguide with precision, provided by its or their positioning and mounting by luminescent radiation of the nonlinear-optical waveguide, appeared when electrical current is carried across it.

395 . The device as set above in claim 394 , CHARACTERIZED in that the semiconductor laser or laser module is mounted relative to the nonlinear-optical waveguide with precision, provided by its or their positioning and mounting by control of change of power of optical radiation of said laser and/or laser module, transmitted through said nonlinear-optical waveguide, under switching on and/or switching off the electrical current carried across the said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

396 . The device as set above in claim 394 , CHARACTERIZED in that semiconductor laser and/or a laser module is optically connected with at least one nonlinear-optical waveguide, thereto radiating semiconductor structure of the laser and/or the laser module is additionally supplied at least one thermoelectric Peltier element, a side of which is in thermal contact with the radiating semiconductor structure and with at least one sensor of temperature, thereto at least one sensor of temperature and at least one thermoelectric Peltier element are electrically connected with controller of temperature and/or stabilizer of temperature.

397 . The device as set above in claim 394 , CHARACTERIZED in that the semiconductor laser and/or the laser module is made as single-mode.

398 . The device as set above in claim 394 , CHARACTERIZED in that the semiconductor laser and/or laser module is used with spectrum-line width of radiation, which is not more than 20 Å.

399 . The device as set above in claim 398 , CHARACTERIZED in that the semiconductor laser and/or the laser module is made with external resonator and/or includes dispersive element.

400 . The device as set above in claim 398 , CHARACTERIZED in that the semiconductor laser and/or the laser module is made as single-frequency laser and/or the laser module.

401 . The device as set above in any of claims 384 - 392 , CHARACTERIZED in that in the nonlinear-optical waveguide periodic grating is made with formation of optical bistable element with distributed feedback.

402 . The device as set above in any of claims 384 - 392 , CHARACTERIZED in that the nonlinear-optical waveguide is birefringent and/or magneto-active and/or acousto-optical.

403 . The device as set above in any of claims 384 - 392 , CHARACTERIZED in that at least two nonlinear-optical waveguides are tunnel-coupled waveguides.

404 . The device as set above in any of claims 384 - 392 , CHARACTERIZED in that input/output elements are made as objectives consisting from cylindrical lens and gradan.

405 . The device as set above in any of claims 384 - 392 , CHARACTERIZED in that input/output elements are made as input and/or output waveguides.

406 . The device as set above in claim 405 , CHARACTERIZED in that at the input and/or output end input and/or output waveguide a lens is made and/or gradan is installed.

407 . The device as set above in claim 406 , CHARACTERIZED in that the lens is made as parabolic and/or conic and/or cylindrical.

408 . The device as set above in claim 405 , CHARACTERIZED in that semiconductor laser is connected with at least one nonlinear-optical waveguide through said input waveguide with a formation of the united optical waveguide.

409 . The device as set above in any of claims 384 - 392 , CHARACTERIZED in that said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s) is/are made as single-moded for said optical radiation fed into said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s).

410 . A method of construction of a nonlinear-optical module, comprising positioning, mounting and connection of at least one nonlinear-optical waveguide, made on the basis of semiconductor layered MQW-type structure with alternating layers, containing at least two hetero-transitions, and input and/or output elements, by means of which a feeding of optical radiation into said nonlinear-optical waveguide and/or feeding of optical radiation out from said nonlinear waveguide is fulfilled,
CHARACTERIZED in that
the positioning and mounting of input and/or output elements relative to said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s), supplied with contacts for carrying electrical current through the nonlinear-optical waveguide(s), is done by luminescent radiation, appeared under carrying electrical current through said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s).

411 . The method as set above in claim 410 , CHARACTERIZED in that input and/or output elements are made as objectives, thereto the positioning and mounting of said the nonlinear-optical waveguide is accomplished up until formation of collimated optical radiation beam outside the said objectives.

412 . The method as set above in claim 411 , CHARACTERIZED in that said objectives comprise a cylindrical lens and a gradan.

413 . The method as set above in claim 411 , CHARACTERIZED in that the said collimated optical radiation beam is axial symmetric beam.

414 . The method as set above in claim 410 , CHARACTERIZED in that input and/or output elements are made as input/output waveguides.

415 . The method as set above in claim 414 , CHARACTERIZED in that at the output and/or input end of input and/or output optical waveguide a parabolic lens and/or a conic lens and/or a cylindrical lens is made and/or a gradan is mounted.

416 . The method as set above in claim 410 , CHARACTERIZED in that input/output waveguides are positioning and/or mounting relative to said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s) with taking into account the symmetry or asymmetry of luminescent radiation from said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s) and symmetry or asymmetry of the input/output elements.

417 . The method as set above in claim 414 , CHARACTERIZED in that input/output waveguides are positioning and/or mounting relative to said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s) up until obtaining the maximum of input radiation power into the said optical waveguides.

418 . The method as set above in claim 414 , CHARACTERIZED in that the control of obtaining of maximum of input optical radiation power into the said optical waveguide(s) is accomplished by control of maximum output optical radiation power from said input/output waveguide(s).

419 . The method as set above in claim 414 , CHARACTERIZED in that additional optical radiation is fed into another end of input/output waveguide, and positioning and/or mounting said input and/or output waveguide(s) relative to said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s) is accomplished by means of both luminescent radiation of said nonlinear-optical waveguide(s) and optical radiation fed out from input and/or output waveguide.

420 . The method as set above in any of claims 410 - 419 , CHARACTERIZED in that they additionally mount a semiconductor laser or laser module before the nonlinear-optical module, thereto the semiconductor laser or laser module is optically connected with the nonlinear-optical module, thereto they position the semiconductor laser or laser module relative to the nonlinear-optical module by changing their relative positions up until coincidence of the laser or laser module optical radiation beam with the nonlinear-optical module luminescence beam before the input and/or after output of the nonlinear-optical module, thereto the luminescence beam is appeared when electrical current is carried through the nonlinear-optical waveguide, and then they mount the semiconductor laser or laser module relative to said nonlinear-optical module.

421 . The method as set above in claim 420 , CHARACTERIZED in that the current more than 20 mA is carried across said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

422 . The method as set above in claim 420 , CHARACTERIZED in that precision of positioning of the laser or laser module relative to said nonlinear-optical module is controlled additionally by means of comparison of power and/or differential gain of said laser or laser module optical radiation transmitted through said nonlinear-optical module in the case of absence of electrical current through said nonlinear-optical waveguide and in the case of carrying current through said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

423 . The method as set above in claim 422 , CHARACTERIZED in that a current from 0.5 mA up to 10 mA is carried across the nonlinear-optical waveguide.

424 . The method as set above in any of claims 410 - 419 , CHARACTERIZED in that at least at one output of the nonlinear-optical module another similar nonlinear-optical module is additionally installed, thereto the second similar nonlinear-optical module is adjusted relative to the first nonlinear-optical module by luminescent radiation of the nonlinear-optical waveguide of the first and/or the second nonlinear-optical module, appeared under carrying electrical current through the nonlinear-optical waveguide.

425 . The method as set above in claim 424 , CHARACTERIZED in that the current more than 20 mA is carried across said nonlinear-optical waveguide.

426 . The method as set above in claim 410 - 419 , CHARACTERIZED in that precision of installation of the second nonlinear-optical module relative to the first nonlinear-optical module is controlled additionally by means of comparison of power of laser or laser module and/or the first nonlinear-optical module optical radiation transmitted through the second nonlinear-optical module in the case of absence of electrical current through the nonlinear-optical waveguide of the second nonlinear-optical module and in the case of carrying current through the nonlinear-optical waveguide of the second nonlinear-optical module.

427 . The method as set above in claim 426 , CHARACTERIZED in that a current from 0.5 mA up to 10 mA is carried across the nonlinear-optical waveguide.

428 . The method as set above in any of claims 410 - 419 , CHARACTERIZED in that at lest one semiconductor laser or laser module and/or at least one nonlinear-optical module are optically connected through fiber-optic connectors with physical contact, and/or connecting socket, and/or splices, and/or fiber-optic isolators.

429 . The method as set above in any of claims 410 - 419 , CHARACTERIZED in that at least one nonlinear-optical module is optically connected to at least one another similar nonlinear-optical module through fiber-optic connectors with physical contact, and/or connecting socket, and/or splices, and/or optic isolators made as waveguide.

430 . A device of processing of optical signals, comprising at least two nonlinear-optical modules, each of which contains one or two nonlinear-optical waveguide(s), made on the basis of semiconductor layered MQW-type structure with alternating layers, containing at least two hetero-transitions, thereto the nonlinear-optical waveguide(s) is/are made with possibility of propagation in it/them at least two unidirectional distributively coupled waves, thereto outputs and inputs of the optical modules are connected with each other by scheme, according to the function of processing of the optical signal,
CHARACTERIZED in that
nonlinear-optical waveguide(s) are supplied with contacts for carrying electrical current through them,
the outputs and inputs of previous and following optical modules are mounted relative to each other with precision, provided by their positioning by luminescent radiation, appeared under carrying electrical current across the nonlinear-optical waveguide of the previous or following nonlinear-optical module,
thereto the outputs and inputs of previous and following optical modules are mounted relative to each other with precision, provided by their positioning by control of change of optical radiation power transmitted through at least one nonlinear-optical module under switching on and/or switching off electrical current carrying across the nonlinear-optical waveguide of the nonlinear-optical module.

431 . The device as set above in claim 430 , CHARACTERIZED in that output and input elements of optical modules, corresponding output and input of which are connected, are made in the form of optical waveguides and connected by optical connectors or by glue or by splice or by fiber-optic connectors with physical contact, and/or connecting socket, and/or fiber-optic isolators.

Join the waitlist — get patent alerts

Track US2003103745A1 — get alerts on status changes and closely related new filings.

We store only your email — no account needed. See our privacy policy.