CD40 ligand and CD40 agonist compositions and methods of use

Abstract

Provided are methods and compositions using one or more CD40 agonists, such as CD40 ligands and/or agonistic anti-CD40 antibodies, to reduce or prevent cell death, or apoptosis, in bone cells. Methods of treating or preventing bone loss, including osteoporosis, as well as methods of reducing or eliminating the bone loss associated with steroid administration are particularly provided. Further disclosed are a variety of therapeutic kits and cocktails.

What is claimed is:  
     
         1 . A method of preventing bone cell death, comprising contacting a bone cell with a biologically effective amount of at least a first composition comprising at least a first CD40 agonist selected from the group consisting of a CD40 ligand (CD40-L) and an agonistic anti-CD40 antibody.  
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said bone cell is an osteoblast.  
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said bone cell is an osteocyte.  
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said composition comprises a CD40 ligand selected from the group consisting of: 
 (a) a polypeptide comprising amino acids 47-261 of SEQ ID NO: 2;    (b) a polypeptide comprising amino acids 50-261 of SEQ ID NO: 2; and    (c) a polypeptide comprising amino acids 113-261 of SEQ ID NO: 2.    
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said composition comprises an oligomeric CD40 ligand.  
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein said bone cell is comprised within an animal and said at least a first composition is administered to said animal.  
     
     
         7 . A method of treating or preventing bone loss in an animal having or at risk of developing bone loss, the method comprising administering to said animal a therapeutically effective amount of at least a first composition comprising at least a first CD40 agonist selected from the group consisting of a CD40 ligand, an oligomeric CD40 ligand and an agonistic anti-CD40 antibody or antibody fragment thereof.  
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein said composition comprises an oligomeric CD40 ligand that comprises a CD40 ligand polypeptide selected from the group consisting of: 
 (a) a polypeptide comprising amino acids 47-261 of SEQ ID NO: 2;    (b) a polypeptide comprising amino acids 50-261 of SEQ ID NO: 2; and    (c) a polypeptide comprising amino acids 113-261 of SEQ ID NO: 2.    
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein said composition comprises an oligomeric CD40 ligand that comprises a CD40 ligand polypeptide comprising a leucine zipper polypeptide.  
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 9 , wherein said leucine zipper polypeptide comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3.  
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein said composition comprises a human, humanized or part-human, chimeric agonistic anti-CD40 antibody or antibody fragment thereof.  
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein said composition comprises an agonistic anti-CD40 antibody fragment selected from the group consisting of an scFv, Fv, Fab′, Fab and F(ab′) 2  fragment of an agonistic anti-CD40 antibody.  
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein said composition comprises an agonistic anti-CD40 antibody or antibody fragment selected from the group consisting of a G28-5, mAb89, EA-5 and S2C6 monoclonal antibody, or an agonistic fragment thereof.  
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein said composition further comprises at least a first cytokine.  
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 14 , wherein said composition further comprises the cytokine IL-or IL-6.  
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein said composition further comprises at least a second, distinct agent used to prevent bone cell death or treat bone loss.  
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein said animal has or is at risk of developing osteoporosis, osteonecrosis or inflammatory arthritis, or wherein said animal is being treated or is scheduled for treatment with a steroidal therapeutic.  
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein said animal is a human subject.  
     
     
         19 . A method of reducing bone loss in patient afflicted with a disease or condition associated with bone loss, the method comprising administering to said patient a therapeutically effective amount of at least a first composition comprising at least a first CD40 agonist selected from the group consisting of a CD40 ligand, an oligomeric CD40 ligand and an agonistic anti-CD40 antibody or antibody fragment thereof.  
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 19 , wherein said patient is afflicted with osteoporosis or osteonecrosis.  
     
     
         21 . The method of  claim 19 , wherein said patient is afflicted with inflammatory arthritis.  
     
     
         22 . The method of  claim 19 , wherein said patient exhibits bone loss associated with the administration of at least a first steroid to said patient.  
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 22 , wherein said at least a first steroid is administered to said patient to treat post-menopausal estrogen loss, estrogen loss due to ovariectomy or total hysterectomy, lupus nephritis, Takayasu's arteritis, Wegeners granulomatosis, anti-glomerular basement membrane nephritis, myositis, scleroderma, idiopathic autoimmune thrombocytopenia, asthma, a chronic obstructive lung disease, nephrotic/nephritic syndrome or cancer.  
     
     
         24 . The method of  claim 22 , wherein said at least a first steroid is administered in conjunction with an organ transplant or a bone marrow transplant.  
     
     
         25 . The method of  claim 19 , further comprising simultaneously or sequentially administering to said patient at least a second, distinct anti-bone loss agent.  
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 25 , wherein said second anti-bone loss agent is selected from the group consisting of an anti-apoptosis agent, estrogen, a bisphosphonate, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, alendronate, calcitonin, calcium, fluoride, vitamin D and an agent listed in Table 4.  
     
     
         27 . A method of treating a patient afflicted with a disease characterized by bone cell death, bone cell apoptosis or bone loss, comprising administering to said patient a therapeutically effective amount of composition comprising a CD40 ligand polypeptide.  
     
     
         28 . The method of  claim 27 , wherein said composition comprises a CD40 ligand polypeptide comprising amino acids 47-261 of SEQ ID NO: 2, amino acids 50-261 of SEQ ID NO: 2 or amino acids 113-261 of SEQ ID NO: 2 or an oligomer thereof.  
     
     
         29 . A method of preventing bone cell death in a patient afflicted with a disease associated with bone death, the method comprising administering to said patient a combined therapeutically effective amount of at least a first composition comprising at least a first CD40 agonist selected from the group consisting of a CD40 ligand, an oligomeric CD40 ligand and an agonistic anti-CD40 antibody, or antibody fragment thereof, and at least a second, distinct therapeutic agent used to treat or prevent bone cell death.  
     
     
         30 . The method of  claim 29 , wherein a single composition comprising said at least a first CD40 agonist and said at least a second, distinct therapeutic agent is administered to said patient.  
     
     
         31 . A method of treating or preventing osteoporosis in a patient having or at risk of developing osteoporosis, comprising administering to said patient a therapeutically effective amount of at least a first composition comprising at least a first CD40 agonist selected from the group consisting of a CD40 ligand, an oligomeric CD40 ligand and an agonistic anti-CD40 antibody or antibody fragment thereof.  
     
     
         32 . The method of  claim 31 , further comprising administering to said patient at least a second, distinct anti-osteoporosis agent.  
     
     
         33 . A method of steroid therapy, comprising administering to a patient in need of steroid therapy a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising at least a first CD40 agonist selected from the group consisting of a CD40 ligand, an oligomeric CD40 ligand and an agonistic anti-CD40 antibody or antibody fragment thereof.  
     
     
         34 . A method of reducing the osteodetrimental side effects of steroid therapy, comprising administering to a patient undergoing steroid therapy a composition comprising a CD40 agonist selected from the group consisting of oligomeric CD40 ligand and a CD40 antibody in an amount effective to reduce the osteodetrimental side effects of said steroid therapy.  
     
     
         35 . A kit comprising, in at least a first suitable container, a biologically effective amount of at least a first composition comprising at least a first CD40 agonist selected from the group consisting of a CD40 ligand, an oligomeric CD40 ligand and an agonistic anti-CD40 antibody or antibody fragment thereof, in combination with: 
 (a) at least a second, distinct anti-bone loss agent; or    (b) a least a first steroid.