System for the conversion of a rectilinear swaying motion into a rotating and vice versa

Abstract

A grooved cylinder ( 2 ) is alternatively mobile in two opposing cylinder guides ( 10, 11 ) mounted on a crankcase ( 14 ). This cylinder ( 2 ) is mounted coaxially inside a double crown piece of revolution ( 5 ) with an indented portion ( 6 a ) to rotate around the axis ( 2 a ) of the cylinder ( 2 ) over bearings (B 2 ) coupled between a third groove ( 16 ) of the respective crankcase cover ( 14 a, 14 b ) and the respective housing ( 9 ) of the external bases of the ends ( 6 ) of the crown ( 5 ); these cylinder ( 2 ) and crown ( 5 ) are coupled by means of bearings (B 1 ) placed between a first groove in zigzag ( 3 ) in the side surface of the cylinder ( 2 ) and the first housings ( 8 ) in the inside of the crown ( 5 ), and other bearings (B 1 ) placed between some straight grooves ( 4 ), also on the side surface of the cylinder ( 3 ) extending between its ends and the valleys ( 3 a ) of the first groove ( 3 ), and third housings ( 15 ) provided in the respective crankcase cover ( 14 a, 14 b ).

1 . System for the conversion of a rectilinear swaying motion into a rotating motion and vice versa, with an inlet/outlet of lineal motion through pistons ( 12 ) and a rotating inlet/outlet constituted by shafts (AP) of gears or pinions (P), characterized in that it includes: 
 a hollow cilynder ( 2 ) lineally moveable, suitably lightened, in the side surface of which is provided a first blind groove ( 3 ) with a development in a closed zigzag or with a great number with rounded peaks ( 3   a ) and valleys ( 3   b ) and straight portions ( 3   c ), as well as some second straight blind grooves ( 4 ) that extend parallel to the axis ( 2   a ) of said cylinder from the proximity of its ends ( 2   b,    2   c ) to the valleys ( 3   b ) of the zigzag that forms the first groove ( 3 ), that is to say in a number double to that of the peaks ( 3   a ) or valleys ( 3   b ) existing in an end of the grooved cylinder ( 3 );    a piece of revolution in the form of a doublecrown ( 5 ) to coaxially receives in its inside the grooved cylinder ( 2 ) with two approximately equal portions ( 5   a,    5   b ), each one having a double trunk-conical end piece ( 6 ) and a hollow cylindrical neck ( 7 ), connected to each other by means of assembly screws (T), where in the inner wall of the connection area of the cylindrical necks ( 7 ) provided in a circumference with the same angular separation is a first group of housings ( 8 ) complementary to the first groove ( 3 ) mentioned, anticipating in only one of the trunk-conical end pieces ( 6 ) an indented portion ( 6   a ) determinating an indented crown; and where on the surface of the external bases of the mentioned trunk-conical pieces end ( 6 ) additionally provided as a circumference is a second group of housings ( 9 ) anglewise equidistant;    a pair of guide cylinders ( 10 ,  11 ) lineally faced inside of which the respective pistons ( 12 ,  13 ) of the ends ( 2   b,    2   c ) of the grooved cylinder ( 2 ) move, and which constitute the inlet/outlet of the lineal motion;    a crankcase ( 14 ) for the assembly of the cylinder set of grooved/double crown/guide cylinders, with crankcase covers ( 14   a,    14   b ), in each one of which a third group of housings is provided ( 15 ) anglewise equidistant complementary to the second straight grooves ( 4 ), as well as a third circular groove ( 16 ) complementary to the housings ( 9 ) of the external bases of the mentioned trunk-conical end pieces ( 6 );    sets of bearing balls or trunk conical bearings (B 1 ) mounted between the grooves ( 3 ,  4 ) of the grooved cylinder ( 2 ) and the mentioned first and third group of complementary housings ( 8 ,  15 ), as well as another set of bearing balls or trunk conical bearings (B 2 ) mounted between the second group of housings ( 9 ) and the third complementary circular groove ( 16 ); and    a pair of trunk-conical pinions (P) that gear in the indented portion ( 6   a ) of the corresponding end piece ( 6 ) of the indented crown that constitute the rotating inlet/outlet of the system and that are mounted on the crankcase ( 14 ) in a well-known manner.    
     
     
         2 . System according to  claim 1 , characterized in that the groove in zigzag ( 3 ) is provided so that the respective projections (A, B) of its rounded sections of peaks and valleys ( 3   a,    3   b ) and its straight sections ( 3   c ) on perpendicular of the axis ( 2   a ) of the grooved cylinder ( 2 ), are in a (B/A) relationship preferably greater than 1; the (⊕2) angle formed by its straight sections ( 3   c ) and with regards to the axis ( 2   a ) of the grooved cylinder ( 2 ) preferably being smaller than 22°, where the following relationship is contemplated:  
       Πh/n.L<1  
       where, 
 h=projection on the axis ( 2   a ) of the grooved cylinder ( 3 ) of the distance between centers of two consecutive peaks ( 3   a ) in a course of motion;  
 n=total number of peaks  3   a  of the groove  3 ; and  
 L=distance or separation between straight grooves  4 .  
 
     
     
         3 . System conforming to claims  1  and  2 , characterized in that the closed groove in zigzag ( 3 ) has, at least, three “peaks” ( 3   a ) and three “valleys” ( 3   b ) in each end of the grooved cylinder and appropriately are provided a total of six straight grooves ( 4 ).  
     
     
         4 . System according to the previous claims, where in the case where bearing balls are used, the grooves ( 3 ,  4 ,  16 ) are shaped with an approximately semi-circular cross section, while the housings ( 8 ,  9 ,  15 ) have an almost spherical shape.  
     
     
         5 . System according to claims  1 ,  2  or  3 , characterized where in the case where bearings bails are used, the housings ( 8 ,  9 ,  15 ), are shaped as spherical caps, smaller than 180°, while the grooves ( 3 ,  4 ,  16 ) have complementary configurations of almost semi-circular cross section that are mutually displaced in a small measure in relation to the turn of the corresponding bearing.  
     
     
         6 . System according to claims  1 ,  2  or  3 , where in the case where bearing bails are used, the grooves ( 3 ,  4 ,  16 ) have a semi-polygonal cross section, the housings ( 8 ,  9 ,  15 ) complementarily being shaped as polyhedric caps, smaller than 180°, which are mutually displaced in a small measure in relation to the turn of the corresponding bearing.  
     
     
         7 . System according to claims  1 ,  2  or  3 , characterized in that the cross section of the grooves ( 3 ,  4 ,  16 ) and of the housings ( 8 ,  9 ,  15 ) are essentially trapezoidal to accommodate appropriate trunk-conical bearings (B 1 , B 2 ).  
     
     
         8 . System for the conversion of a rectilinear swaying motion into a rotating motion and vice versa, with an inlet/outlet of lineal motion through pistons ( 212 , 213 ;  412 , 413 ) and a turning outlet/inlet constituted by shafts (AP 2 ; AP 4 ) of gears or pinions (P 2 ; P 4 ), characterized by which it includes: 
 a hollow cylinder ( 22 ;  42 ) lineally moveable, suitably lightened, in the side surface of which are provided blind grooves ( 23 ;  43 ) with a development in a closed zigzag or with a great number of rounded peaks ( 23   a;    43   a ) and valleys ( 23   b;    43   b ) and straight portions ( 23   c;    43   c ), displaced separated from each other so that each pair of homologous points (H 1 , H 2 ) of these are located in the same line parallel to the axis ( 22   a;    42   a ), with the points of inflection of the lines that form the external edges of the external rounded sections at the same distance (D) of the respective ends of the grooved cylinder ( 22 ;  42 ), where the pistons are foreseen ( 212 ,  213 ;  412 ,  413 );    two rotating revolution pieces in crown form ( 25   a,    25   b;    45   a,    45   b ) to coaxially accommodate in its inside the grooved cylinder ( 22 ;  42 ), each one having a trunk-conical end piece ( 26 - 26 ;  46 - 46 ) and some ring/s ( 27 ;  47   a - 47   b ), connected to each other to form a solidary whole by means of assembly screws (T 2 ; T 4 -T 4 ), where in the inner wall of these rotating pieces ( 25   a,    25   b;    45   a,    45   b ), in the connection area between the end pieces ( 26 - 26 ;  46 - 46 ) and the rings ( 27 - 27 ;  47   a - 47   b ), provided in a circumference with the same angular separation are a group of housings ( 28 ;  48 ) complementary to the mentioned grooves in zigzag ( 23 ;  43 ), anticipating in each end piece ( 26 - 26 ;  46 - 46 ) an indentation ( 26   a - 26   b;    46   a - 46   b ) of an indented crown; and where additionally on the surface of the external bases of the mentioned end pieces ( 26 - 26 ;  46 - 46 ) are foreseen some circular grooves ( 229 - 229 ;  429 - 429 ) concentric to the axis of the hollow cylinder ( 22   a;    42   a );    a pair of guide cylinders ( 210 ,  211 ;  410 ,  411 ) lineally opposing inside of which the respective pistons ( 212 ,  213 ;  412 ,  413 ) of the ends of the grooved cylinder ( 22 ;  42 ) move and that constitute the inlet/outlet of lineal motion;    a crankcase ( 214 ;  414 ) for the assembly of the set of grooved cylinder/revolution pieces/guide cylinders, with crankcase covers ( 214   a,    214   b;    414   a,    414   b ), in the inner base of each one is foreseen a circular groove ( 232   232 ;  432   432 ) concentric to the axis ( 22   a;    42   a ) that serves with the circular groove ( 229 - 229 ;  429 - 429 ) of the external bases of the respective piece of trunk-conical end ( 26 - 26 ;  46 - 46 ) to fittingly house a bearings crown ( 233 - 233 ;  433 - 433 ) that allows the turn of the respective revolution piece ( 25   a,    25   b;    45   a,    45   b ) regarding the respective crankcase cover ( 214   a,    214   b;    414   a,    414   b );    bearings sets (B 12 ; B 14 ) mounted between the grooves ( 23 ;  43 ) of the grooved cylinder ( 22 ;  42 ) and the complementary housings ( 28 ;  48 ) of the rotating pieces of revolution ( 25   a,    25   b;    45   a,    45   b );    an additional bearings crown ( 231 ;  431 ), fittingly displaced between circular grooves ( 230   230 ;  430 - 430 ) concentric to the axis ( 22   a;    42   a ) correspondingly provided in the opposite faces of the rings ( 27   27 ;  47   a    47   b ) to allow turning the rotating pieces of revolution ( 25   a,    25   b;    45   a,    45   b ) in opposite directions; and    a pair of trunk-conical pinions (P 2 , P 4 ) that gear in the indentation ( 26   a - 26   b;    46   a - 46   b ) of the corresponding end piece ( 26 - 26 ;  46 - 46 ) whose shafts(AP 2 , AP 4 ) constitute the rotating exit/entry of the system ( 21 , 41 ) and that are mounted on the crankcase( 214 ;  414 )in a well-known form.    
     
     
         9 . System according to claims  8 , characterized in that the grooves in zigzag ( 23 ;  43 ) are provided so that the projections (A 2 , B 2 ) of their rounded sections of peaks and valleys ( 23   a,    23   b;    43   a,    43   b ) and their straight sections ( 23   c;    43   c ) on perpendicular of the axis ( 22   a;    42   a ) of the grooved cylinder ( 22 ;  42 ), are in a (B 2 /A 2 ) relationship preferably greater than 1; the angle (α 2) formed by their straight sections ( 23   c;    43   c ) with regard to the axis ( 22   a;    42   a ) of the grooved cylinder ( 22 ;  42 ) being preferably smaller than 25°, where the following relationship is fulfilled.  
       Π.h2/n2.L2<1  
       where, 
 h2=projection on the axis ( 22   a,    42   a ) of the grooved cylinder ( 22 ;  42 ) of the distance between the centers of two consecutive peaks ( 23   a;    43   a ) in a course of motion;  
 n2=total number of peaks ( 23   a;    43   a ) of the groove ( 23 ;  43 ); and  
 L2=distance or separation regarding the perpendicular to the axis ( 22   a;    42   a ) between consecutive peaks ( 23   a;    43   a ) in a course of motion.  
 
     
     
         10 . System according to claims  8  and  9 , characterized in that the grooved cylinder ( 22 ) are foreseen two grooves in zigzag ( 23 ), anticipating the complementary housings ( 28 ) in the area of connection between the end pieces ( 26 - 26 ) and the rings ( 27 - 27 ) of the rotating revolution pieces ( 25   a,    25   b ).  
     
     
         11 . System according to claims  8  and  9 , characterized in that the grooved cylinder ( 42 ) are foreseen four grooves in zigzag ( 43 ) associated two by two with pairs of housings ( 48 ) correspondingly foreseen in the inner part of each rotating piece of revolution ( 45   a,    45   b ).  
     
     
         12 . System according to one of the claims  8  and  9 , characterized in that the grooves in zigzag ( 23 ;  43 ) of the grooved cylinder ( 22 ;  42 ) and the housings ( 28 ,  48 ) of the rotating revolution pieces ( 25   a,    25   b;    45   a,    45   b ) have complementary semi-rectangular sections and the bearings (B 12 ; B 14 ) housed between them are foreseen as cylindrical bodies with rounded bases.  
     
     
         13 . System according to claims  8  and  9 , characterized in that the grooves in zigzag ( 23 ;  43 ) of the grooved cylinder ( 22 ;  42 ) and the housings ( 28 ,  48 ) of the rotating revolution pieces ( 25   a,    25   b;    45   a,    45   b ) have mixed cross sections symmetrically defined by two circular arcs (C 1 , C 2 ) connected to each other by an intermediate polygonal line (C 3 ) and these circular arcs (C 1 , C 2 ) are slightly eccentric in the measure (E) and they have a radius similar to the radius of the bearing (B 12 ; B 14 ) to house and they sustain respective strings (C 11 , C 21 ) essentially similar to their radius, that is to say to the radius of the bearing (B 12 ; B 14 ); where also, the centers of these arcs (C 1 , C 2 ) are on the half line of separation between the respective surfaces of the grooved cylinder ( 22 ;  42 ) and the rotating pieces of revolution ( 25   a,    25   b;    45   a,    45   b ).  
     
     
         14 . System according to claims  8  and  9 , characterized in that the grooves in zigzag ( 23 ;  43 ) of the grooved cylinder ( 22 ;  42 ) and the housings ( 28 ;  48 ) of the rotating pieces ( 25   a,    25   b;    45   a,    45   b ) have a polygonal configuration but of a different extension, each bearing (B 12 ; B 14 ) formed by a first cylinder (B 121 ; B 141 ) and a second cylinder (B 122 ; B 142 ) of a different diameter that can be solidary to each other or relatively turning supported on the grooves ( 23 ;  43 ) and housings ( 28 ;  48 ), and both may be assisted by means of supplementary bearings (B 13 ).