Dye composition for keratin fibres, with a cationic direct dye and a substantive polymer

Abstract

The invention relates to a dye composition for keratin fibers, in particular for human keratin fibers such as the hair, this composition having, in a medium suitable for dyeing, at least one cationic direct dye of given formula, and containing at least one specific cationic or amphoteric substantive polymer. The invention also relates to the dyeing processes and devices using it.

What is claimed is:  
     
         1 . A composition for dyeing keratin fibers, said composition comprising, in a medium suitable for dyeing, 
 (i) at least one cationic direct dye of formula (I), (II), (III) or (III′) below:                          wherein, in said formula (I):    D represents a nitrogen atom or a —CH group,    R 1  and R 2  are identical or different and represent a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical which is unsubstituted or substituted with a —CN, —OH or —NH 2  radical, or R 1  and R 2  form, with a carbon atom of the benzene ring, an optionally oxygenated or nitrogenous heterocycle which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more C 1 -C 4  alkyl radicals, or a 4′-aminophenyl radical;    R 3  and R′ 3  are identical or different and represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom selected from chlorine, bromine, iodine and fluorine, a cyano group, a C 1 -C 4  alkyl , radical, or a C 1 -C 4  alkoxy or acetyloxy radical;    X −  represents an anion;    A represents a group selected from structures A1 to A19 below:                          wherein    R 4  represents a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical which is unsubstituted or substituted with a hydroxyl radical; and    R 5  represents a C 1 -C 4  alkoxy radical;    with the proviso that when D represents —CH, A represents A 4  or A 13 , and R 3  is other than an alkoxy radical, then R 1  and R 2  do not simultaneously represent a hydrogen atom;                          wherein, in said formula (II):    R 6  represents a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical;    R 7  represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl radical which is unsubstituted or substituted with a —CN radical or with an amino group, a 4′-aminophenyl radical, or R 7  forms, with R 6 , an optionally oxygenated and/or nitrogenous heterocycle which is unsubstituted or substituted with a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical; 
 R 8  and R 9  are identical or different and represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C 1 -C 4  alkyl or C 1 -C 4  alkoxy radical, or a —CN radical;  
 X −  represents an anion;  
 B represents a group selected from structures B1 to B6 below:  
                     
 wherein  
 R 10  represents a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical;  
 R 11  and R 12 , which are identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical;  
                     
 wherein, in said formulae (III) and (III′):  
 R 13  represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 4  alkoxy radical, a halogen atom, or an amino radical;  
 R 14  represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical, or R 14  forms, with a carbon atom of the benzene ring, a heterocycle which is optionally oxygenated and/or substituted with one or more C 1 -C 4  alkyl groups;  
 R 15  represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom;  
 R 16  and R 17 , which are identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical;  
 D 1  and D 2 , which are identical or different, represent a nitrogen atom or a —CH group;  
 m 0 or 1;  
 with the proviso that when R 13  represents an unsubstituted amino group, then D 1  and D 2  simultaneously represent a —CH group and m=0;  
 X −  represents an anion; and  
 E represents a group selected from structures E1 to E8 below:  
                     
 wherein R′ represents a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical;  
 with the proviso that when m=0 and D 1  represents a nitrogen atom, then E can also represent a group of structure E9 below:  
                     
 wherein R′ represents a C 1 -C 4  alkyl radical; and  
 (ii) at least one cationic or amphoteric substantive polymer selected from the group formed by: 
 (a) cellulosic cationic derivatives with the exception of Polyquaternium 10;  
 (b) copolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium halide and of (meth)acrylic acid;  
 (c) methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium halide homopolymersancooyes  
 (d) polyquaternary ammonium polymers selected from: 
 polymers of repeating units having formula (IV) below:  
                     
 polymers of repeating units having formula (V) below:  
                     
 and polymers of repeating units having formula (VI) below:  
                     
 wherein p represents an integer ranging from 1 to 6 approximately, D is zero or represents a group —(CH 2 ) r —CO— wherein r represents a number equal to 4 or 7; and  
 
 
 (e) vinylpyrrolidone copolymers containing cationic units.  
   
     
     
         2 . A composition according to  claim 1 , wherein in said formula (I), (II), (III), or (III′), X −  represents an anion of chloride, methyl sulfate, or acetate.  
     
     
         3 . A composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said keratin fibers are human keratin fibers.  
     
     
         4 . A composition according to  claim 3 , wherein said human keratin fibers are human hair.  
     
     
         5 . A composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said at least one cationic direct dye of formula (I) is selected from the compounds having structures (I1) to (I51) and (I53) to (I55) below:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         6 . A composition according to  claim 5 , wherein said at least one cationic direct dye has structure (I1), (I2), (I14) or (I31).  
     
     
         7 . A composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said at least one cationic direct dye of formula (II) is selected from the compounds having structures (II1) to (II3), (II5), (II6), (II8), and (II10) to (II12) below:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         8 . A composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said at least one cationic direct dye of formula (III) is selected from the compounds having structures (III1) to (III18) below:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         9 . A composition according to  claim 8 , wherein said at least one cationic direct dye of formula (III) has structure (III4), (III5) or (III13).  
     
     
         10 . A composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said at least one cationic direct dye of formula (III′) is selected from the compounds having structures (III′1) to (III′3) below:  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         11 . A composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said at least one cationic direct dye of formulae (I), (II), (III) or (III′) is present in an amount ranging from about 0.001 to about 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.  
     
     
         12 . A composition according to  claim 11 , wherein said at least one cationic direct dye of formulae (I), (II), (III) or (III′) is present in amount ranging from about 0.005 to about 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.  
     
     
         13 . A composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said at least one cationic or amphoteric substantive polymer is Polyquaternium 24.  
     
     
         14 . A composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said at least one cationic or amphoteric substantive polymer is a copolymer of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and of acrylic acid (80/20 by weight).  
     
     
         15 . A composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said at least one cationic or amphoteric substantive polymer is a crosslinked poly(methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride) homopolymer, as a 50% dispersion in mineral oil; the crosslinked copolymer of acrylamide and of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride (20/80 by weight), as a 50% dispersion in mineral oil; or the methosulphate of the copolymer of methacryloyloxyethyl-trimethylammonium and of methacryloyloxyethyldimethylacetylammonium.  
     
     
         16 . A composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said at least one cationic or amphoteric substantive polymer is: 
 a) a vinylpyrrolidone polymer containing dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate units;    b) a vinylpyrrolidone polymer containing methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium units; or    c) a vinylpyrrolidone polymer containing methylvinylimidazolium units.    
     
     
         17 . A composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said at least one cationic or amphoteric substantive polymer is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01 to about 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.  
     
     
         18 . A composition according to  claim 17 , wherein said at least one cationic or amphoteric substantive polymer is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1 to about 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.  
     
     
         19 . A composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said medium suitable for dyeing comprises water or a mixture of water and at least one organic solvent.  
     
     
         20 . A composition according to  claim 1 , wherein said composition has a pH ranging from about 2 to about 11.  
     
     
         21 . A composition according to  claim 20 , wherein said composition has a pH ranging from about 5 to about 10.  
     
     
         22 . A composition according to  claim 1 , further comprising at least one additional direct dye.  
     
     
         23 . A composition according to  claim 22 , wherein said at least one additional direct dye is a nitrobenzene dye, anthraquinone dye, naphthoquinone dye, triarylmethane dye, xanthine dye, or an azo dye that is non-cationic.  
     
     
         24 . A composition according to  claim 1 , further comprising at least one oxidation base selected from para-phenylenediamines, bis(phenyl)alkylenediamines, para-aminophenols, ortho-aminophenols and heterocyclic bases.  
     
     
         25 . A composition according to  claim 24 , wherein said at least one oxidation base is present in an amount ranging from about 0.0005 to about 12% by weight relative to the total weight of the dye composition.  
     
     
         26 . A composition according to  claim 25 , wherein said at least one oxidation base is present in an amount ranging from about 0.005 to about 6% by weight relative to the total weight of the dye composition.  
     
     
         27 . A composition according to  claim 24 , further comprising at least one coupler selected from meta-phenylenediamines, meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols and heterocyclic couplers.  
     
     
         28 . A composition according to  claim 27 , wherein said at least one coupler is present in an amount ranging from about 0.0001 to about 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the dye composition.  
     
     
         29 . A composition according to  claim 28 , wherein said at least one coupler is present in an amount ranging from about 0.005 to about 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the dye composition.  
     
     
         30 . A composition according to  claim 1 , further comprising at least one oxidizing agent.  
     
     
         31 . A composition according to  claim 30 , wherein said at least one oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide, urea peroxide, alkali metal bromate, a persalt, or an enzyme.  
     
     
         32 . A method for dyeing keratin fibers, said method comprising applying at least one dyeing composition according to  claim 1  to said keratin fibers, and allowing said at least one dyeing composition to remain on said keratin fibers for a period of time sufficient to develop the desired coloration.  
     
     
         33 . A method for dyeing keratin fibers according to  claim 32 , further comprising rinsing said keratin fibers after said period of time sufficient to develop the desired coloration.  
     
     
         34 . A method for dyeing keratin fibers according to  claim 33 , further comprising, after said rinsing, washing said keratin fibers with shampoo, rinsing said keratin fibers again, and drying said keratin fibers.  
     
     
         35 . The method according to  claim 33 , wherein said period of time ranges from 3 to 60 minutes.  
     
     
         36 . The method according to  claim 35 , wherein said period of time ranges from 5 to 40 minutes.  
     
     
         37 . A method for dyeing keratin fibers, said method comprising 
 (1) mixing a composition (A1), said composition (A1) comprising at least one cationic direct dye of formula (I), (II), (III) or (III′) as defined in  claim 1 , and at least one oxidation base with a composition (B1), said composition (B1) comprising, in a medium suitable for dyeing, at least one oxidizing agent, wherein said composition (A1) or said composition (B1) contains at least one cationic or amphoteric substantive polymer as defined in  claim 1 , and    (2) applying said mixture of said composition (A1) and said composition (B1) to said keratin fibers for a period of time sufficient to dye said keratin fibers, wherein said mixing occurs before the time of application to said keratin fibers.    
     
     
         38 . A method for dyeing keratin fibers, said method comprising 
 (1) mixing a composition (A2), said composition (A2) comprising at least one cationic direct dye of formula (I), (II), (III) or (III′) as defined in  claim 1 , with a composition (B2), said composition (B2) comprising, in a medium suitable for dyeing, at least one oxidizing agent, wherein said composition (A2) or said composition (B2) contains at least one cationic or amphoteric substantive polymer as defined in  claim 1 , and    (2) applying said mixture of said composition (A2) and said composition (B2) to said keratin fibers for a period of time sufficient to dye said keratin fibers, wherein said mixing occurs before the time of application to said keratin fibers.    
     
     
         39 . A multi-compartment dyeing device or multi-compartment dyeing kit for dyeing keratin fibers comprising at least two compartments, wherein 
 a first compartment comprises a composition (A1) as defined in  claim 37 , and    a second compartment comprises a composition (B1) as defined in  claim 37 .    
     
     
         40 . A multi-compartment dyeing device or multi-compartment dyeing kit for dyeing keratin fibers comprising at least two compartments, wherein 
 a first compartment comprises a composition (A2) as defined in  claim 38 , and    a second compartment comprises a composition (B2) as defined in  claim 38 .    
     
     
         41 . A composition according to  claim 1  in the form of a liquid, a shampoo, a cream, or a gel.  
     
     
         42 . A composition according to  claim 41  in the form of a shampoo.