Machine based on inertial rotational forces operating as a turbine or a pump

Abstract

A machine based on rotational inertial forces operating as a turbine or a pump is described. In accordance with the present invention the machine consists of the following components, to wit, (a) a mechanism made up of a crankshaft, crank and connecting rod designed to generate the oscillatory motion of the rotor R 1 , (b) a tube fastened to R 1 curved and closed on itself and communicating with an inlet S A and an outlet S B dividing the tube in two circuits C 1 C 1′ in such a manner that the surface area of their projection on a plane perpendicular to the oscillation axis of R 1 is equal, (c) four 2-way valves each inserted at each end of C 1 {overscore (f)} i >{overscore (f)} e and C 1′ and operated by a mechanism in which with to complete oscillation of R 1 corresponds a left-hand rotation of 360° of the cranks causing opening of the pair of valves of C 1 only in the interval θ(0°, 180°) and opening of the valves of C 1′ only in the interval θ(180°, 360°) with the origin of the angle θ being fixed so that for θ=0° there is a corresponding maximum left-hand velocity of the rotor and for θ=180° the maximum right-hand velocity. In this manner the liquid of C 1 develops a left-hand inertial force f 1 and the liquid of C 1′ an identical right-hand inertial force f 1′ . In addition both are oriented towards the cross section S A to which is applied the external force f e with opposite direction with the forces f i increasing with the velocity of rotation of the cranks so that for a mean value f i less than f e the velocity of the liquid of C i has a direction from S A to S B and the machine operates as a turbine while for the machine it operates as a pump.

1 . Machine based on rotational inertial forces operating as a turbine or a pump characterized in that it consists of the following components, to wit, (a) a mechanism made up of a crankshaft, crank and connecting rod designed to generate the oscillatory motion of the rotor R 1 , (b) a tube fastened to R 1  curved and closed on itself and communicating with an inlet S A  and an outlet S B  dividing the tube in two circuits C 1  C 1′  in such a manner that the surface area of their projection on a plane perpendicular to the oscillation axis of R 1  is equal, (c) four 2-way valves each inserted at each end of C 1  and C 1′  and operated by a mechanism in which with to complete oscillation of R 1  corresponds a left-hand rotation of 360° of the cranks causing opening of the pair of valves of C 1  only in the interval θ(0°, 180°) and opening of the valves of C 1′  only in the interval θ(180°, 360°) with the origin of the angle θ being fixed so that for θ=0° there is a corresponding maximum left-hand velocity of the rotor and for θ=180° the maximum right-hand velocity. In this manner the liquid of C 1  develops a left-hand inertial force f 1  and the liquid of C 1′  an identical right-hand inertial force f 1′ . In addition both are oriented towards the cross section S A  to which is applied the external force f e  with opposite direction with the forces f i  increasing with the velocity of rotation of the cranks so that for a mean value f i  less than f e  the velocity of the liquid of C i  has a direction from S A  to S B  and the machine operates as a turbine while for {overscore (f)} i >{overscore (f)} e  the machine it operates as a pump.  
     
     
         2 . Machine in accordance with  claim 1  characterized in that the valve opening and closing mechanism consists of the following components, to wit, a shaft parallel to that of the rotor R 1  rotating in baricentric position in C 1  on bearings fastened to R 1  to the outside of C 1  and having a side toothing and a blade fastened to said shaft in the active circuit to realize opening and closing of the valve; a cylinder segment fastened to the supporting frame with a toothing which for reciprocal motion of R 1  couples for a short arc with the above mentioned side toothing with all being arranged in such a manner that with each 180° rotation of the crankshaft the above mentioned shaft in rotating with the rotor in an angle ±φ 0  and coupling with the toothing of the cylindrical segment at the beginning and the end of the angular path causes alternately rotation by ±90° of the valve closing and opening member with an identical mechanism being provided for each valve.  
     
     
         3 . Machine in accordance with  claim 1  characterized in that the closing and opening member of the active circuits consists of a blade fastened to a rotating shaft in a position such that the moment generated on said shaft by the liquid of the circuit is null.  
     
     
         4 . Machine in accordance with  claim 1  characterized in that the reactions transmitted to the supporting frame and caused by the inertial force of the oscillatory motion of R 1  are balanced by a flywheel having inertial moment identical to that of R 1  and subjected around an axis parallel to that of R 1  to an oscillatory motion differing from that of R 1  only by a 180° phase difference.  
     
     
         5 . Machine in accordance with  claim 1  characterized by the system consisting of the series Filling tank S c -turbopump-Drain Tank S s  with the machine operating as a turbine with a number of revolutions per second of the crankshaft n<n o  for which the mean value of the inertial forces developed in the active circuits of the machine is less than the external force generated by the geodetic height of the filling tank S c  with the turbine in this condition converting the liquid pressure energy of the tank S c  into mechanical energy of the user employing an ideal moment decreasing with the increase in the number of revolutions per second of its shaft with the liquid used being dumped at the same time into the drain tank S s  with a motor applied to the crankshaft with a number of revolutions per second n>n o  causing operation of the machine as a pump and transfer of the liquid from the tank S s  to the tank S c  to constitute an energy reserve usable subsequently.  
     
     
         6 . Machine in accordance with  claim 1  characterized by the series of two machines M A2  and M A1  with cross sections (S A2 , S A1 ) and ( S B1 , S B2 ) connected hydraulically and with crankshafts of M A2  and M A1 , connected respectively by means of connecting rods to the shaft of the motor a MO  and of the user a UT  for {overscore (f)} 2 −{overscore (f)} 1 >0 with the machine M A2  operating as a pump transmitting power of the motor MO converted into hydraulic power to the machine M A1  operating as a turbine while the turbine converts the hydraulic power into mechanical power and transmits it to the user by employing a moment decreasing with the increase in revolutions per second and the above mentioned series being able to replace advantageously any geared speed changer with in addition the series for {overscore (f)} 2 −{overscore (f)} 1 <0 transferring to the motor the kinetic energy of the user which can be appropriately utilized.  
     
     
         7 . Machine in accordance with  claim 1  characterized by connection of the two machines M A2  and M A1  which exchange the hydraulic and mechanical power even in the presence of a very high ratio of the two frequencies of their oscillatory motion giving the advantage of avoidance of the use of a speed reducer.