Cleansing and moisturizing surfactant compositions

Abstract

Cleansing And Moisturizing Surfactant compositions Cleansing surfactant compositions are provided which cleanse, condition and moisturize of the skin and hair and which exhibit a low degree of irritation to the eyes. These cleansing compositions preferably contain the following components: a. a surfactant portion containing: 1. a nonionic surfactant; 2. an amphoteric surfactant; and 3. an anionic surfactant; the total concentration of said nonionic, amphoteric and anionic surf actants being present in the composition in an amount from about 5 to about 20 percent by weight of said cleansing composition; and b. a substantive humectant present in the composition in an amount from about 0.01 to about 3 percent by weight of said cleansing composition. The substantive humectants used in the present invention are preferably cationically charged polyols derived from sugars or sugar derivatives and they further comprise a long chain alkyl or alkenyl group having from 6 to 22 carbon atoms.

What is claimed is:  
     
         1 . A composition which imparts cleansing, conditioning and moisturization of the skin and hair and which exhibits a low degree of irritation to the eyes comprising: 
 a. a surfactant portion comprising: 
 1. a nonionic surfactant;  
 2. an amphoteric surfactant; and  
 3. an anionic surfactant;  
 said nonionic, amphoteric and anionic surfactants comprising from about 5 to about 20 percent by weight of the overall composition; and  
   b. a substantive humectant comprising from about 0.01 to about 3.0 percent by weight of the overall composition.    
     
     
         2 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the substantive humectant is a cationically charged polyol.  
     
     
         3 . The composition of  claim 2  wherein the cationically charged polyol is derived from a sugar or sugar derivative.  
     
     
         4 . The composition of  claim 3  wherein the sugar derivative is an alkoxylated alkyl glucoside.  
     
     
         5 . The composition of  claim 3  wherein the humectant further comprises a long chain alkyl or alkenyl group having from 6 to 22 carbon atoms.  
     
     
         6 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the substantive humectant is of the formula  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein w+x+y+z=5 to 20, R is an alkyl or alkenyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R 1 , R 2 and R 3  are each independently lower alkyl having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and wherein X is halide, carboxylate or alkyl sulfate.  
     
     
         7 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the substantive humectant is of the formula  
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein w+x+y+z=10.  
     
     
         8 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the nonionic surfactant comprises one or more surfactants selected from the group consisting of: 
 a. polyoxyethylene derivatives of polyol esters wherein 
 1. the polyoxyethylene derivative of polyol ester is derived from a polyol selected from the group consisting of sorbitol, sorbitan, glucose, α-methyl glucoside, polyglucose having an average of about 1.1 to about 3 glucose residues, glycerine, pentaerythritol and mixtures thereof;  
 2. the polyoxyethylene derivative of polyol ester contains from 10 to 120 oxyethylene units;  
 3. the polyoxyethylene derivative of polyol ester is derived from a fatty acid containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms; and  
 4. the polyoxyethylene derivative of polyol ester has from 1 to 2 fatty acid residues per molecule of polyoxyethylene derivative of polyol ester; and  
 
 b. an alkyl polyglucoside; wherein the nonionic surfactant is present in the composition at a concentration of from about 1 to about 10 percent by weight.  
 
     
     
         9 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the amphoteric surfactant comprises one or more surfactants selected from the group consisting of: 
 a. an amphocarboxylate compound of the formula:  
 R-CONH(CH 2 ) X NR 1 R 2 R 3    
 wherein R is an alkyl group having 7 to 17 carbon atoms;  
 x is an integer from 1 to 6; R 1  is hydrogen or a carboxyalkyl group containing from 2 to 3 carbon atoms;  
 R 2  is a hydroxyalkyl group containing from 2 to 3 carbon atoms or a group of the formula:  
 R 4 -O—(CH 2 )CO 2   −   
 wherein R 4  is a 2 to 3 carbon alkylene group and n is either 1 or 2; and R 3  is a carboxyalkyl group containing form 2 to 3 carbon atoms;  
 b. an alkyl betaine of the formula:  
 R-N + R 1 R 2 (CH 2 ) n CO 2   −   
 wherein R is an alkyl group having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms; R 1  and R 2  are each alkyl groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and n is either 1 or 2; and  
 c. an amidoalkyl betaine of the formula:  
 R-CO—NH(CH 2 ) n —N + R 1 R 2 (CH 2 ) m CO 2   −   
 wherein R is an alkyl group having from 7 to 17 carbon atoms; R 1  and R 2  are each alkyl groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; n is an integer from 2 to 6 and m is either 1 or 2; and wherein the amphoteric surfactant is present in the composition at a concentration from about 0.5 to about 10 percent by weight.  
 
     
     
         10 . The composition of  claim 9  wherein the amphoteric surfactant comprises a mixture of amphocarboxylate and alkyl betaine or amidoalkyl betaine, wherein the amphocarboxylate is present in the composition at a concentration of about 0.5 to about 9.5 percent by weight and the alkyl betaine or amidoalkyl betaine is present in the composition at a concentration of about 9.5 to about 0.5 percent by weight.  
     
     
         11 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the anionic surfactant comprises one or more surfactants selected from the group consisting of: 
 a. alkyl sulfate of the formula  
 R-CH 2 OSO 3 X;  
 b. alkyl ether sulfate of the formula  
 R(OCH 2 CH 2 ) p OSO 3 X;  
 c. alkyl monoglyceryl ether sulfate of the formula  
                     
 d. alkyl monoglyceride sulfate of the formula  
                     
 e. alkyl monoglyceride sulfonate of the formula  
                     
 f. alkyl sulfonate of the formula  
 R-SO 3 X;  
 g. alkylaryl sulfonate of the formula  
                     
 and  
 h. alkyl ether carboxylate of the formula  
 R(OCH 2 CH 2 ) p O(CH 2 ) n CO 2 X  
 wherein R is an alkyl group having 7 to 17 carbon atoms, R 1  is H or an alkyl group having 1 to 17 carbon atoms, X is selected from the group consisting of alkali metal ions, alkaline earth metal ions, ammonium ions, and ammonium ions substituted with from 1 to 3 substituents, each of which may be the same or different, and which are selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and hydroxyalkyl groups having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, p is an integer from 1 to 20 and n is 1 or 2; and said anionic surfactant is present in the composition at a concentration from about 1 to about 10 percent by weight.  
 
     
     
         12 . The composition of  claim 1  further comprising a pearlescent or opacifying agent selected from the group consisting of: 
 a. mono or diesters of fatty acids having 16 to 22 carbon atoms with ethylene or propylene glycol;  
 b. mono or diesters of fatty acids having 16 to 22 carbon atoms with a polyalkylene glycol of the formula  
 HO—(RO) n —H  
 wherein R is a 2 or 3 carbon alkylene group and n is 2 or 3;  
 c. fatty alcohols containing 16 to 22 carbon atoms;  
 d. fatty esters of the formula  
 RCOOCH 2 R 4    
 wherein R and R 1  each contain from 15 to 21 carbon atoms; and  
 e. inorganic solids insoluble in the composition, wherein the pearlescent or opacifying agent is present in the composition at a concentration of about 0.25 to about 2.5 percent by weight.  
 
     
     
         13 . The composition of  claim 12  wherein the inorganic solid is selected from the group consisting of mica and titanium dioxide.  
     
     
         14 . The composition of  claim 1  further comprising a nonsubstantive humectant selected from the group consisting of: 
 a. water soluble liquid polyols selected from the group consisting of glycerine, propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, butylene glycol and dipropylene glycol;  
 b. polyethylene glycol of the formula  
 HO—(RO) n —H  
 wherein R is a 2 or 3 carbon alkylene group and n is 2 to 10;  
 c. polyethylene glycol ether of methyl glucoside of formula  
                     
 wherein w+x+y+z=5 to 25; and  
 d. urea;  
 wherein the nonsubstantive humectant is present in the composition at a concentration of about 0. 1 to about 5 percent by weight.  
 
     
     
         15 . The composition of  claim 1  further comprising a thickener selected from the group consisting of: 
 a. mono or diesters of fatty acids containing from 16 to 22 carbon atoms with polyethylene glycol of formula HO—(CH 2 CH 2 O) n H wherein n is an integer from 3 to 200;  
 b. fatty acid esters of ethoxylated polyols;  
 c. ethoxylated derivatives of mono and diesters of fatty acids and glycerine;  
 d. hydroxyalkyl cellulose;  
 e. alkyl cellulose; and  
 f. hydroxyalkyl alkyl cellulose; wherein the thickener is present in the composition at a concentration of about 0.1 to about 5 percent by weight.  
 
     
     
         16 . The composition of  claim 1  which further comprises inorganic salts.  
     
     
         17 . The composition of  claim 1  further comprising one or more additives selected from the group consisting of plant extracts, plant homogenates, plant juices, vitamins and vitamin derivatives.  
     
     
         18 . The composition of  claim 1  further comprising one or more additives selected from the group consisting of colorants, fragrances, preservatives and pH adjusting agents.  
     
     
         19 . The composition of  claim 1  wherein the composition has a pH in the range of about 5 to about 7.5.  
     
     
         20 . The composition of  claim 12  wherein the pearlescent or opacifying agent is added to the composition as a preformed, stabilized aqueous dispersion.  
     
     
         21 . A surfactant composition which imparts cleansing, conditioning and moisturization of the skin and hair and which exhibits a low degree of irritation to the eyes comprising: 
 A. one or more nonionic surfactants comprising polyoxyethylene derivatives of polyol ester wherein 
 1. the polyoxyethylene derivative of polyol ester i s derived from a polyol selected from the group consisting of sorbitol, sorbitan, glucose, α-methyl glucoside, polyglucose having an average of about 1.1 to about 3 glucose residues, glycerine, pentaerythritol and mixtures thereof,  
 2. the polyoxyethylene derivative of polyol ester contains from 10 to 120 oxyethylene units,  
 3. the polyoxyethylene derivative of polyol ester is derived from a fatty acid containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, and  
 3. the polyoxyethylene derivative of polyol ester has from 1 to 2 fatty acid residues per molecule of polyoxyethylene derivative of polyol ester; and  
 wherein the nonionic surfactant is present in the composition at a concentration of from about 1 to about 10 percent by weight;  
   B. one or more amphoteric surfactants consisting essentially of an amphocarboxylate compound of the formula    R-CONH(CH 2 ) x N + R 1 R 2 R 3      wherein R is an alkyl group having 7 to 17 carbon atoms,    x is an integer from 1 to 6, R 1  is hydrogen or a carboxyalkyl group containing from 2 to 3 carbon atoms,    R 2  is a hydroxyalkyl group containing from 2 to 3 carbon atoms or a group of the formula    R 4 -O—(CH 2 ) n CO 2   −     wherein R is a 2 to 3 carbon alkylene group and n is either 1 or 2, and    R 3  is a carboxyalkyl group containing form 2 to 3 carbon atoms,    and wherein the amphoteric surfactant is present in the composition at a concentration from about 0.25 to about 10 percent by weight;    C. one or more betaine surfactants selected from the group consisting of: 
 1. an alkyl betaine of the formula  
 R-N + R 1 R 2 CH 2 CO 2   −   
 wherein R is an alkyl group having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, and R. and R 2  are each alkyl groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and  
 2. an amidoalkyl betaine of the formula  
 R-CO—NH(CH 2 ) n —N + R 1 R 2 CH 2 CO 2   −   
 wherein R is an alkyl group having from 7 to 17 carbon atoms, n is an integer from 1 to 6 and R 1  and R 2  are each alkyl groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms,  
   and wherein the betaine surfactant is present in the composition at a concentration from about 0.5 to about 10 percent by weight;    D. one or more anionic surfactants consisting essentially of alkyl ether sulfate of the formula    R(OCH 2 CH 2 ) p OSO 3 X,    wherein    R is an alkyl group having 7 to 17 carbon atoms,    X is selected from the group consisting of alkali metal ions, alkaline earth metal ions, ammonium ions, and    ammonium ions substituted with from 1 to 3 substituents, each of which may be the same or different, and which are selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and hydroxyalkyl groups having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and p is an integer from 1 to 6 and said anionic surfactant is present in the composition at a concentration from about 1 to about 10 percent by weight;    E. a substantive humectant of the formula                          wherein w+x+y+z=5 to 20, R is an alkyl or alkenyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R 1 , R- 2 and R 3  are each independently lower alkyl having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and wherein X is halide, carboxylate or alkyl sulfate;    said nonionic, amphoteric, betaine and anionic surfactants comprising a total of about 5 to about 20 percent by weight of the composition and said substantive humectant comprising from about 0.01 to about 3.0 percent by weight of the composition.    
     
     
         22 . The composition of  claim 21  further comprising an alkyl ether carboxylate of the formula  
       R(OCH 2 CH 2 ) p O(CH 2 ) n CO 2 X  wherein R is an alkyl group having 7 to 17 carbon atoms, X is selected from the group consisting of alkali metal ions, alkaline earth metal ions, ammonium ions, and ammonium ions substituted with from 1 to 3 substituents, each of which may be the same or different, and which are selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and hydroxyalkyl groups having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, p is an integer from 1 to 20 and n is 1 or 2;    wherein the alkyl ether carboxylate comprises from about 0.1 to about 2.5 percent by weight of the composition.    
     
     
         23 . The composition of  claim 21  further comprising a pearlescent or opacifying agent consisting essentially of a diester of fatty acids having 16 to 22 carbon atoms with ethylene or propylene glycol wherein the pearlescent or opacifying agent comprises from about 0.25 to about 2.5 percent by weight of the composition.  
     
     
         24 . The composition of  claim 21  further comprising a nonsubstantive humectant consisting essentially of glycerine wherein the nonsubstantive humectant is present in the composition at a concentration of about 0.1 to about 5 percent by weight.  
     
     
         25 . The composition of  claim 21  further comprising a thickener consisting essentially of a diester of fatty acids containing from 16 to 22 carbon atoms with polyethylene glycol of formula  
       HO—(CH 2 CH 2 O) n —H  wherein n is an integer from 3 to 200,    wherein the thickener is present in the composition at a concentration of about 0.1 to about 3 percent by weight.    
     
     
         26 . The composition of  claim 21  further comprising one or more additives selected from the group consisting of plant extracts, plant homogenates, plant juices, vitamins and vitamin derivatives.  
     
     
         27 . The composition of  claim 21  further comprising one or more additives selected from the group consisting of colorants, fragrances, preservatives and pH adjusting agents.  
     
     
         28 . The composition of  claim 21  having a pH in the range of about 5 to about 7.5.  
     
     
         29 . The composition of  claim 23  where in the pearlescent or opacifying agent is added to the composition as a preformed, stabilized aqueous dispersion.  
     
     
         30 . A composition which imparts cleansing, conditioning and moisturization of the skin and hair and which exhibits a low degree of irritation to the eyes comprising: 
 A. a nonionic surfactant consisting essentially of a polyoxyethylene derivative of polyol ester wherein 
 1. the polyoxyethylene derivative of polyol ester is derived from a polyol selected from the group consisting of sorbitol, sorbitan and mixtures thereof,  
 2. the polyoxyethylene derivative of polyol ester contains from 20 to 80 oxyethylene units,  
 3. the polyoxyethylene derivative of polyol ester is derived from lauric acid,  
 4. the polyoxyethylene derivative of polyol ester has from 1 to 2 lauric acid residues per molecule of polyoxyethylene derivative of polyol ester,  
 wherein the nonionic surfactant is present in the composition at a concentration of from about 2 to about 10 percent by weight;  
   B. an amphoteric surfactant consisting essentially of an amphocarboxylate compound of the formula    R-CONH(CH 2 ) x N + R 1 R 2 R 3      wherein R is an alkyl group having 11 carbon atoms, x is 2, R 1  is hydrogen, R. is a group of the formula    R 4 -O—(CH 2 ) n OCO 2   −     wherein R 4  is a 2 carbon alkylene group and R 3  is a carboxymethyl group,    wherein the amphoteric surfactant is present in the composition at a concentration from about 0.25 to about 5 percent by weight;    C. one or more betaine surfactants selected from the group consisting of: 
 1. an alkyl betaine of the formula  
 R-N + R 1 R 2 CH 2 CO 2   −   
   wherein R is a lauryl group having 12 carbon atoms, and R 1  and R 2  are each methyl groups, and 
 2. an amidoalkyl betaine of the formula  
 R-CO—NH(CH 2 ) n —N + R 1 R 2 CH 2 CO 2   −   
   wherein RCO represents the fatty acid derived from coconut oil, n is 3 and R 1  and R 2  are each methyl groups,    wherein the betaine surfactant is present in the composition at a concentration from about 0.5 to about 8 percent by weight;    D. one or more anionic surfactants consisting essentially of alkyl ether sulfate of the formula    R(OCH 2 CH 2 ) p OSO 3 X,    wherein    R is an alkyl group having 12 to 13 carbon atoms,    X is sodium ion and p is an integer from 1 to 4,    wherein the anionic surfactant is present in the composition at a concentration from about 1 to about 8 percent by weight;    E. a substantive humectant of the formula                          wherein w+x+y+z=10;    F. a thickener comprising a stearate diester of polyethylene glycol of formula    HO—(CH 2 CH 2 O) n —H    wherein n is 150    wherein the thickener is present in the composition at a concentration of about 0.1 to about 3 percent by weight.    said nonionic, amphoteric, betaine and anionic surfactants comprising a total of about 5 to about 20 percent by weight of the composition and said substantive humectant comprising from about 0.01 to about 3.0 percent by weight of the composition.    
     
     
         31 . The composition of  claim 30  further comprising an alkyl ether carboxylate of the formula  
       R(OCH 2 CH 2 ) p O(CH 2 ) n CO 2 X  wherein R is a lauryl group, X is a sodium ion, p is 12 to 14 and n is 1, and wherein the alkyl ether carboxylate comprises from about 0.1 to about 2.5 percent by weight of the composition.    
     
     
         32 . The composition of  claim 30  further comprising sodium chloride at a concentration of about 0.5 to about 5.0 percent by weight.  
     
     
         33 . The composition of  claim 30  further comprising a pearlescent or opacifying agent consisting essentially of ethylene glycol distearate wherein the pearlescent or opacifying agent is present in the composition at a concentration of about 0.25 to about 2 percent by weight.  
     
     
         34 . The composition of  claim 30  further comprising aloe vera gel at a concentration of about 0.1 to about 10.0 percent by weight and vitamin E acetate at a concentration from about 0.005 to about 0.25 percent by weight.  
     
     
         35 . The composition of  claim 30  further comprising glycerin at a concentration of about 0.1 to about 1.0 percent by weight.  
     
     
         36 . The composition of  claim 30  further comprising one or more additives selected from the group consisting of colorants, fragrances, preservatives and pH adjusting agents.  
     
     
         37 . The composition of  claim 30  having a pH in the range of about 5 to about 7.5.  
     
     
         38 . The composition of  claim 30  having a Brookfield viscosity in the range of 500 to about 10000 centipoise.  
     
     
         39 . The composition of  claim 33  where in the pearlescent or opacifying agent is added to the composition as a preformed, stabilized aqueous dispersion.  
     
     
         40 . The composition of  claim 30  wherein 
 A. the nonionic surfactant is present in the composition at a concentration of about 4 to about 5 percent by weight;  
 B. the amphoteric surfactant consisting of amphocarboxylate is present in the composition at a concentration of 0.5 to about 1.5 percent by weight;  
 C. the betaine is cocamidopropyl betaine of the formula  
 R-CO—NH(CH 2 ) n —N + R 1 RCH 2 CO 2   −   
 wherein RCO represents the fatty acid derived from coconut oil, n is 3 and R 1  and R 2  are each methyl groups,  
 and the betaine is present in the composition at a concentration of about 3 to about 5 percent by weight;  
 D. the anionic surfactant is sodium trideceth sulfate having the formula  
 R(OCH 2 CH 2 ) p OSO 3 X  
 wherein R is an alkyl group having 13 carbon atoms, X is sodium ion and p is an integer from 1 to 4,  
 and is present in the composition at a concentration of about 2.5 to about 3.5 percent by weight;  
 E. the substantive humectant is of the formula  
                     
 wherein w+x+y+z=10 and is present in the composition at a concentration of 0.1 to about 0.5 percent by weight;  
 F. the thickener is present in the composition at a concentration of about 0.25 to about 1 percent by weight;  
 G. the composition further comprises glycerine at a concentration of about 0.25 to about 1.5 percent by weight;  
 H. the composition further comprises sodium chloride at a concentration of about 1 to about 3 percent by weight;  
 I. the composition further comprises an alkyl ether carboxylate of the formula  
 R(OCH 2 CH 2 ) p O(CH 2 )CO 2 X  
 wherein R is a lauryl group, X is a sodium ion, p is 12 to 14 and n is 1, and wherein the alkyl ether carboxylate comprises from about 0.1 to about 1.0 percent by weight of the composition;  
 J. the composition has a pH of abut 5 to about 7.5 and a Brookfield viscosity of about 500 to about 10000 centipoise.  
 
     
     
         41 . The composition of claim  40  further comprising ethyleneglycol distearate at a concentration of about 0.25 to about 1.0 percent by weight, aloe vera gel at a concentration of about 0.25 to about 1.0% by weight and vitamin E acetate at a concentration of about 0.005 to about 0.1 percent by weight.  
     
     
         42 . The composition of  claim 30  wherein 
 A. the nonionic surfactant is present in the composition at a concentration of about 4 to about 6 percent by weight,  
 B. the amphoteric surfactant consisting of amphocarboxylate is present in the composition at a concentration of 1.5 to about 3 percent by weight,  
 C. the betaine is lauryl betaine of the formula  
 R-N + R 1 R 2 CH 2 CO 2   −   
 wherein R is a lauryl group and R 1  and R 2  are each methyl groups, and is present in the composition at a concentration of about 0.5 to about 3 percent by weight,  
 D. the anionic surfactant is sodium laureth sulfate having the formula  
 R(OCH 2 CH 2 ) p OSO 3 X  
 wherein R is a lauryl group, X is sodium ion and p is an integer from 1 to 4, and is present in the composition at a concentration of about 2 to about 4 percent by weight,  
 E. the substantive humectant is of the formula  
                     
 wherein w+x+y+z=10  
 and is present in the composition at a concentration of 0.1 to about 0.5 percent by weight;  
 F. the thickener is present in the composition at a concentration of about 0.25 to about 1 percent by weight;  
 G. the composition further comprises glycerine at a concentration of about 0.25 to about 1.5 percent by weight;  
 H. the composition further comprises sodium chloride at a concentration of about 1 to about 3 percent by weight;  
 I. the composition further comprises an alkyl ether carboxylate of the formula  
 R(OCH 2 CH 2 ) p O(CH 2 ) n CO 2 X  
 wherein R is a lauryl group, X is a sodium ion, p is 12 to 14 and n is 1, and wherein the alkyl ether carboxylate comprises from about 0.1 to about 1.0 percent by weight of the composition;  
 J. the composition has a pH of abut 5 to about 7.5 and a Brookfield viscosity of about 500 to about 10000 centipoise.  
 
     
     
         43 . The composition of claim  42  further comprising ethyleneglycol distearate at a concentration of about 0.25 to about 1.0 percent by weight, aloe vera gel at a concentration of about 0.25 to about 1.0% by weight and vitamin E acetate at a concentration of about 0.005 to about 0.1 percent by weight.